This document discusses different types of gingivitis, including acute and chronic gingivitis. Acute gingivitis can be caused by local factors like poor oral hygiene or systemic diseases. It commonly presents with pain, bleeding, and halitosis. Treatment involves maintaining oral hygiene and using antiseptics. Chronic gingivitis is caused by long-term plaque and calculus buildup and presents as red, swollen gums that bleed easily. Treatment for chronic gingivitis includes scaling, oral hygiene maintenance, and antibiotics in some cases.
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7gingivitis
1. Gingivitis
Inflammation of gingival tissues commonly associated with
dental plaque & calculus
Acute gingivitis
Causes: Local
Poor dental hygiene
Food stagnation (soft sticky)
Badly restored filling
Prosthesis - Orthodontic appliance
Mouth breathers
Trauma/ Traumatic bite
Infection
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2. General causes
Vitamin deficiency: Vit C , Vit B2, Vit A
Hormonal effect
Pregnancy
Puberty
Systemic diseases: DM, TB, severe anemia and leukemia,
HIV
Drugs: nifedipine, phenytoin, OCP
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3. Types
Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis
Herpetic gingivitis
Nonspecific gingivitis
Leukemic gingivitis
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5. Clinical features
Pain
Ulcer
Bleeding
Salivation
Halitosis
Metallic taste
Fever, malaise and enlarge cervical LN
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6. Management
Maintaining oral hygiene
Prevention of plaque & Calculus
Wash the lesion with 3% Hydrogen
peroxide
Paint with 10% chromic acid gel
Advice antiseptic mouthwash eg 0.2%
chlorhexidine
Analgesics as needed
Metronidazole 400mg PO TDS for 7 days
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7. Acute herpetic gingivitis
Caused by Herpes simlex virus, Herpes labialis
Occurs usually in children of 3 to 6 yrs
Clinical features
Small painful vesicles
Ulcer
May involve the lip, cheeks, tongue and palate
Halitosis
Fever, enlarged LN
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8. Management
Maintaining oral hygiene
Prevention of plaque & Calculus
Self limiting disease (1 or 2 weeks)
Bed rest
Soft diet
Analgesics
Tetracycline mouth wash
250mg in 30ml water 6hrly
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9. Acute non specific gingivitis
Probably due to overgrowth of normal
bacteria
Cl/F similar with pain and swelling of gums
Bleeds on probing and pus may also be
seen
Treat by H2O2 wash
Advise proper oral hygiene
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10. Chronic gingivitis
Causes
Plaque and calculus around
gingival margin
Mouth breathers and incompetent
lip seal
Traumatic bite
Inadequate treatment of acute
gingivitis Dr S Chakradhar 10
11. Clinical features
The classic triad of redness, swelling, and bleeding on
gentle probing are diagnostic
Usually complain that 'gums bleed on brushing‘
Color change: from pink to beefy red/purple
Gingival pockets
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12. Treatment
Oral hygiene maintenance
Brushing
Mouthwash
Regular scaling
Gingivoplasty / Gingivectomy
Antibiotics: tetracycline
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