The document discusses oral communication, describing it as the process of verbally transmitting information through spoken words. It outlines different types of oral communication like presentations, meetings, interviews, and casual conversations. Additionally, it provides tips for developing strong oral communication skills like speaking confidently, being clear and concise, and using effective body language.

1. M. A. Rehman

2. ▪ Oral communication describes any type of interaction that makes use
of spoken words. It implies expressing ideas and conveying
information through mouth.
▪ Oral communication is the process of verbally transmitting
information and ideas from one individual or group to another.
▪ Oral communication is generally recommended when the
communication matter is of temporary kind or where a direct
interaction is required.

3. ORAL COMMUNICATION
▪ The various modes of verbal communication are face-to-face
discussions, presentations, intercom, telephonic conversations, radio,
skyping or video conferencing, speeches & interviews, etc.
▪ Oral communication could be formal or informal:
▪ Formal Communication
▪ Presentations
▪ Business Meetings
▪ Classroom Lectures
▪ Speeches
▪ Interviews
▪ Informal Communication
▪ Face-to-Face Conversation
▪ Group Discussion
▪ Telephone Conversations

4. ▪ Strong oral communication skills are important for everyone to
master. They are extremely valuable in both personal and
professional life.
▪ When speaking clearly, confidently, and with self-control, you are
much more likely to command the respect of others and build
rapport.
▪ For verbal communication to be effective, it should be clear, relevant,
tactful in forming phrases and tone, concise, and informative.
▪ Nonverbal elements such as posture, gestures, and facial expressions
are also important factors in developing good verbal communication
skills.
▪ Remember,“Your outward appearance mirrors your inner mood.”

5. ▪ Clarity in expression and pronunciation
▪ Conciseness in information being delivered
▪ Precision and correctness of information
▪ Appropriate Wording
▪ Appropriate medium of communication
▪ Appropriate body language
▪ Avoid overloaded information and hackneyed phrases
▪ Voice Tone
▪ Logical Statements
▪ Identification of communication barriers and rectification of
problems

6. ▪ Thinking Before Uttering: By organizing your thoughts in
advance, you can eliminate many of the awkward pauses that occur
when speaking. It will also help you relay your information more
concisely.
▪ Speaking with Confidence: Speaking in a confident manner will
help you build trust and command the respect of your audience.
There are several factors which can impact your ability to speak
confidently, including your command of the subject matter, your
word choice, the tone of your voice, your body language, and your
ability to make direct eye contact with your audience.
▪ Clarity and Conciseness: The most effective way to get your point
across is to make it in a clear and concise manner. Avoid using
complex, convoluted sentences, and try to state your argument in
direct language.

7. (cont.)
▪ Non-Verbal Cues: Your body language significantly impacts the
way others interpret what you say. Pay attention to the gestures you
make, your facial expressions, and your body language to ensure
they align with the message you are trying to get across.
▪ Be A Good Listener: Being a good listener is as important as
being a good speaker, and it will improve the quality of your oral
interactions. It shows the people you are speaking with that you
genuinely care about their ideas, and it helps ensure you
understand their needs. This will enable you to build trust and
rapport much quicker.
▪ Voice Tone: Speaking in a monotone voice is a surefire way to bore
your audience. Instead, use voice inflection to add emphasis to
important points, and vary the pitch of your voice to express
emotion. This will help keep your audience engaged in your
message.

8. (cont.)
▪ Body Language: Your posture has the greatest impact on your
communication. The impression you have on others is split
approximately:
Body (visuals) 55%
Voice (sound) 38%
Words (content) 7%
Folded arms, crossed legs, hunched shoulders, hands in pockets,
looking down – these are just some of the protective measures that
make us feel safer, and should be avoided when giving a presentation
or speech. Appearing relaxed makes us exert dominance and
authority.

9. ADVANTAGES OF ORAL COMMUNICATION
▪ Saves time
▪ More influential
▪ True essence of meaning are conveyed
▪ Immediate feedback
▪ Immediate clarification
▪ High level of understanding and transparency
▪ Promotes informal communication
▪ More effective with groups
▪ Better for conveying feelings & emotions
▪ Private or confidential

10. DISADVANTAGES OF ORAL COMMUNICATION
▪ Less authentic
▪ Less organized as compared to written communication
▪ Requires attentiveness and receptivity
▪ Long speeches may become unproductive at times
▪ Demands thinking coherently as one speaks
▪ Distance may become hurdle (Telephonic conversations)
▪ Important information is not documented

11. ▪ Think about both your content and your audience. Is your speech suitable?
▪ Understand the core message you are trying to get across and the three points you
want your audience taking away with them
▪ Have an overview of your speech in mind before spending time on details
▪ Have a clear presentation structure and show it repeatedly to your audience so they
know which section they are on and how long left
▪ Rehearse aloud. Record your voice and present to friends (if possible) to get
feedback
▪ Try and keep your speech simple, focus on only a few points and explain them
clearly
▪ Be enthusiastic, move around the stage and use body language to convey
confidence
▪ Make a list of possible questions and rehearse answers for them

12. ▪ Generally, there are six types of oral communication activities that
might be incorporated into curricula in many fields of study.
i. One-to-One Speaking
• Student-Student or Student-Teacher
ii. Small Group or Team Based
iii. Class Discussion
iv. Debates or Deliberations
v. Speech or Presentation
vi. Oral Examination

13. i. ONE-TO-ONE SPEAKING
▪ Can range from moments punctuating a lecture, where students are
asked to discuss or explain some question or problem with the
person next to them, to formal student discussions with their
instructor.
ii. SMALL GROUP OR TEAM BASED COMM.
▪ Smaller scale settings for discussion, deliberation, and problem
solving. Appropriate for both large lectures and smaller classes and
allows levels of participation not possible in larger groups.

14. iii. CLASS DISCUSSION
▪ Typically less aggressive, argument-based and dialogic in character. Often
times has the quality of creating an atmosphere of collective, out-loud
thinking about some question, idea, problem, text, event, or artifact. It is a
good way to encourage active learning.
iv. DEBATES OR DELIBRATIONS
▪ A structured consideration of some issue from two or more points of view.
Debates typically involve participants who argue one side throughout,
while deliberation allows for movement by individuals within the process.
Both feature reason-giving argument. Can be applied to issues of many
kinds, from disputed scientific facts to theories, policy questions, the
meaning of a text, or the quality of an artistic production. Can range from
two participants to a lecture hall.

15. v. SPEECH OR PRESENTATION
▪ Classically, the stand-up, podium speech delivered by an individual from an
outline or script. Also includes group presentations or spontaneous
speaking. A dialogue can be built in with question and answer or
discussion with the audience afterward.
vi. ORAL EXAMINATION
▪ Can take place in the instructor’s office, in small groups, or before a whole
class. Range from one oral question on an otherwise written exam to an oral
defense of a written answer or paper to an entirely oral quiz or examination.
Difficult with very large groups, but an excellent way to determine the
depth and range of student knowledge and to stimulate high levels of
preparation.