properties

1. Physical Properties
• Property is the
ability to do
something
• Can be observed or
measured without
changing the
matter’s identity
• Used to identify
substances by
physical
characteristics

2. Examples of physical properties
and physical changes
• Physical Property
• Boiling Point
• Freezing Point
• Melting Point
• Condensation Point
• Evaporation Point
• Ductile
• Malleable
• Solubility
• electric conductivity
• Physical Change
• Boiling
• Freezing
• Melting
• Condensing
• Evaporating
• Stretching into wire
• Hammer into sheet
• Dissolving
• Moving electricity

3. Continued
• Physical Property
• Flexibility
• State at room temp
• Brittle
• Magnetism
• Thermal conductivity
• Color
• Odor
• Shiny
• Dull
• Hardness
• density
• Physical Change
• Bending
• Change of state
• Shattering
• Magnetic conduction
• Moves thermal energy

4. NOT physical properties
• Never use weight, mass,
volume, shape or size to
describe matter

5. • Densities of substances is
unique to the substance
• Determines if a substance will
sink or float
• H2O has density of 1g/mL, any
substance with a density
greater than 1g/mL will sink,
less than 1g/mL will float
• Liquid substances will create
layers depending on densities

6. Physical Change
• Actually making the change
• A change in matter from one form to
another without a change in chemical
properties
• In other words, physical changes do not
change the identity of the matter

7. Chemical Properties
• Chemical property – a property of matter
that describes a substances ability to
participate in chemical reactions
• Examples of chemical properties
– Flammability – ability to burn
– Reactivity with acid
– Reactivity with water
– Reactivity with oxygen
– Reactivity with other elements
– combustion

8. • Combustion – ability to burn without a source of
flame.
• Reactivity is the ability of two or more
substances to chemical combine and form one
or more new substances
• Characteristic properties-properties that
remain the same no matter the size of the matter
• Characteristic properties can be both physical,
such as solubility and density, and chemical
such as flammability and reactivity

10. • Chemical change -when one or more
substances change into entirely new
substances with different properties
• Chemical changes are the process by
which substances actually change into
new substances
• Chemical properties describe which
chemical changes will occur.

11. Chemical Changes
• Signs that indicate a chemical change:
• color change,
• odor change,
• production of thermal energy (heat),
• production of cold,
• fizzing,
• foaming,
• Bubbling
• Gas produced
• Sound produced,
• light being given off
• Precipitate formed (solid)
• Oxidation (rust, tarnishing)

12. • Chemical changes change the identity of the
matter therefore is very difficult to undo
• Composition-type of matter and the way the
matter is arranged
• To determine if a physical or chemical change
has happened, ask yourself, did the composition
of the matter change?