This document summarizes recent discoveries in using transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy. It discusses how light can penetrate the brain and elicit responses. Studies found PBM at specific frequencies can modify brain activity and improve inhibitory control. A clinical trial showed PBM increased connectivity in brain regions related to dementia. Another study found PBM improved symptoms for a case of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Overall, the evidence suggests PBM induces short-term brain inhibition and long-term restoration of brain baselines. PBM also enhanced learning rates in a military threat detection training program. Further research indicates certain light frequencies like gamma waves can induce altered meditative states. Personalized PBM protocols show promise.

1. Discoveries in Transcranial
Photobiomodulation
Updates - May 2019
By:
Lew Lim, PhD, MBA
Founder & CEO
Vielight Inc.

2. Transcranial Photobiomodulation (PBM)
For Brain Training and Beyond

3. The Default Mode Network is targeted
- a baseline template network for health –

4. 1. Can light really
penetrate into the
brain?
2. Does the brain
respond?
3. Can it help?

6. Surprising discovery:
Frequency-specific modifications
Difference between
Post and Pre in Active
and Sham

7. Absolute power: Difference between Active and Sham
A: Active
B: Sham
Pre-treatment
Post-treatment

8. Pre-treatment
Conceptual
correction of
ADHD

9. Surprising discovery:
Overall inhibitory control on excitation
Sham(post-pre) Active (post-pre) Active-sham (p=0.05)

10. Submitted for
publication,
April 2019
Confirmation with fMRI:
PBM increases Inhibition
Resting state:
Evoked activity:

11. Effect with Gamma (40 Hz) on Dementia Patients

12. Baseline Week 12
Usual Care
group
PCC
LPLP
Connectivity between
posterior cingulate
cortex (PCC) seed
and …
Usual Care Group
Baseline Week 12
T(3) Punc T(3) Punc
L Lateral Parietal (LP) 6.88 0.006 3.89 0.03
R Lateral Parietal (LP) 8.34 0.004 5.04 0.02

13. Baseline Week 12
PBM
Group
Connectivity between
posterior cingulate
cortex (PCC) seed
and …
PBM Group
Baseline Week 12
T(3) Punc T(3) Punc
L Lateral Parietal (LP) 4.25 0.02 14.15 <0.001
R Lateral Parietal (LP) 3.98 0.03 11.17 0.002PCC
LPLP

14. 228-subject pivotal double-blind RCT for FDA

15. 17
27
37
47
57
67
77
Pre-Tx 1Wk.
Post- 18 Tx
1Mo.
Post- 18 Tx
2Mo.
Post- 18 Tx
3 Mo.
Post- 18 Tx
RawScore
Emotional Outbursts, PTSD
In-Office
t-LED
Treatments
No-Treatment Period,
after In-Office LED Treatments
At-Home
t-LED + Intranasal
Treatments
Whole
Head,
Treatment
Only
Default Mode Network
5 Cortical Node areas
40 Hz, Treatment
Naeser, Martin, Ho, Krengel, Bogdanova, Knight, Fedoruk, Hamblin, Koo. NAALT Mtg. August 2018, Detroit
Results of a CTE case with tPBM treatment
Dr. Margaret Naeser
Similar trends observed for:
• Depression scores
• Executive function & cognition
• Sleep scores

16. Summary of Clinical Evidence
• Acute outcome – PBM induces inhibition if necessary
• Long-term outcome – Restoration of homeostatic baselines

17. Gamma produces superior learning
in target detection
Based on DARWARs threat
anticipation/response
training program (military)
Double the learning rate
Effect size of 1.4
Single-blind study of 40
subjects
Initial test with Neuro Gamma by UNM US Army research lab

18. Sweet spots at
80 Hz, 120 Hz,
200 Hz or more
Induced Altered States Observed in Meditation

19. Personalization is almost here

20. Thank You!
lewlim@vielight.com
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