This document discusses using AWS IoT to connect devices in an Intel greenhouse. It describes how sensors can collect data and send it to AWS IoT via MQTT. Rules in AWS IoT can then route data to services like DynamoDB for storage and Kinesis for analytics. Actuators like misters or fans can be automatically controlled based on sensor readings using device shadows to ensure reliable commands. AWS IoT provides device management, authentication, and rules processing to integrate physical devices into cloud applications.

1. © 2016, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
AWS Loft NYC
Mackenzie Kosut
Principal Startup Evangelist @ AWS
@mkosut

2. Heart monitoring implants
Biochip transponders on farm animals
Electric clams in coastal waters
Automobiles with built-in sensors
DNA analysis devices for
environmental/food/pathogen monitoring
Field operation devices that assist firefighters
in search and rescue operations
Internet of Things?

3. AWS IoT
DEVICE SDK
Set of client libraries to
connect, authenticate and
exchange messages
DEVICE GATEWAY
Communicate with devices via
MQTT, HTTP, Websockets
AUTHENTICATION
AUTHORIZATION
Secure with mutual
authentication and encryption
RULES ENGINE
Transform messages
based on rules and
route to AWS services
AWS Services
- - - - -
3P Services
DEVICE SHADOW
Persistent thing state
during intermittent
connections
APPLICATIONS
AWS IoT API
DEVICE REGISTRY
Identity and management of
your things

4. Intel Greenhouse w/ AWS IoT

5. +
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+
-
+
-
Sensors
Actuators
Intel Greenhouse w/ AWS IoT

6. +
-
+
-
+
-
Sensors
Actuators
Intel Edison
AWS
IoT SDK
Wireless Router
AWS IoT
Rules Engine
Intel Greenhouse w/ AWS IoT

7. +
-
+
-
+
-
Sensors
Actuators
Intel Edison
AWS
IoT SDK
Wireless Router
AWS IoT
Rules Engine
Temperature
80.5
81
81.5
OK

8. +
-
+
-
+
-
Sensors
Actuators
Intel Edison
AWS
IoT SDK
Wireless Router
AWS IoT
Rules Engine
Temperature
60
80
100
!

9. Sensors & Actions
Sensor & Threshold Action
Room temperature exceeds
80.5F
Turn on fan
Soil moisture drops below 70% Turn on misters until 75%
moisture level reached
Room humidity drops below 80% Turn on room misters until
humidity reaches 80%

11. Open source software development
environment
High performance, atom dual-core CPU
(500MHz) and single core micro-
controller supports complex data
collection in a low power package
Integrated Wi-Fi certified in 68 countries,
Bluetooth® 4.0 support, 1GB DDR and
4GB flash memory simplifies
configuration and increases scalability

12. +
-
+
-
+
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Sensors Actuators

13. Telemetry
One of the first data-transmission circuits was developed in 1845
between the Russian Tsar's Winter Palace and army headquarters.
In 1874, French engineers built a system of weather and snow-depth
sensors on Mont Blanc that transmitted real-time information to Paris.
In 1901 the American inventor C. Michalke patented the selsyn, a
circuit for sending synchronized rotation information over a distance.

14. Administration
Actuators
Control
automation
AWS IoT
Data storage
& analytics
Sensors
Intel Greenhouse

15. MQ Telemetry Transport
• Simple to implement
• Provide a Quality of Service Data Delivery
• Lightweight and Bandwidth Efficient
• Data Agnostic
• Continuous Session Awareness
Also supported: MQTT over Websockets & HTTP
Communicating

16. Send data
PUBLISH aws-loft-nyc/sensors/123 (qos: 0)
{
"timestamp": "2017-06-29T10:00:00",
"temperature": 55,
"humidity": 39,
"ph": 6.7
}

17. Single consumer (don’t do this)
AWS IoT instance database
PUBLISH sensors/123
PUBLISH sensors/456
SUBSCRIBE sensors/+
PUBLISH sensors/789

18. Don’t do this: scalability
AWS IoT instance
SUBSCRIBE #

19. Don’t do this: availability
AWS IoT instance

20. Don’t do this: maintainability
AWS IoT

21. Store it in the device shadow (don’t do this)
Sensors
DEVICE SHADOWS

22. 1. AWS Services
(Direct Integration)
Rules Engine
Actions
AWS IoT Rules Engine
LambdaSNS SQS
S3
Amazon
KinesisDDB RDS
Amazon
Redshift
Glacier
EC2
3. External Endpoints
(via Lambda and SNS)
Rules Engine connects AWS
IoT to External Endpoints and
AWS Services.
2. Rest of AWS
(via Amazon Kinesis,
Lambda, S3, and more)

23. Example rule
{
"rule": {
"sql": "SELECT * AS message FROM 'sensors/#'",
"description": "Store all sensor data into dynamodb and firehose",
"actions": [{
"dynamoDB": {
"tableName": "sensor_data",
"roleArn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/aws_iot_dynamoDB",
"hashKeyField": "sensor_id",
"hashKeyValue": "${topic(2)}",
"rangeKeyField": "timestamp“
"rangeKeyValue": "${timestamp()}",
}
}, {
"firehose": {
"roleArn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/aws_iot_firehose",
"deliveryStreamName": "my_firehose_stream"
}
}]
}
}

24. Automated Control

25. Administration
AWS IoT
Data storage
& analytics
Sensors
Connected Greenhouse
Actuators
Control
automation

26. Automated Misting Service
Amazon
Kinesis
Amazon Machine
Learning
Amazon
Redshift
Rules
Engine
Device
Gateway
Sensor
Mister
Amazon Kinesis–
enabledapp

27. Publish on/off to the mister (don’t do this)
Device
Gateway
Mister
Control
logic
SUBSCRIBE
aws-loft-nyc/sprinkler-456

28. Publish on/off to the mister (don’t do this)
Device
Gateway
Mister
Control
logic
PUBLISH
aws-loft-nyc/sprinkler-456
{ "water": "on" }

29. Direct publishing: why not?
Mister
Control
logic
on
off
Device
Gateway
off
on

30. Direct publishing: why not?

31. Direct publishing: why not?
Device
Gateway
Mister
(offline) Control
logic
PUBLISH
aws-loft-nyc/sprinkler-456
{ "water": "on" }

32. Direct publishing: why not?
• Messages aren’t ordered
• Connection blips
So then what?

33. Device Shadows

34. Device Shadows
Shadow
State
Apps
offline

35. Device Shadows
Device Controller
reported
state
desired
state

36. Device Shadows
Device Controller
reported
state
desired
state
HTTP/REST
WebSockets
MQTT

37. AWS IoT Shadow - Simple Yet Powerful
{
"state" : {
“desired" : {
"lights": { "color": "RED" },
"engine" : "ON"
},
"reported" : {
"lights" : { "color": "GREEN" },
"engine" : "ON"
},
"delta" : {
"lights" : { "color": "RED" }
} },
"version" : 10
}
Thing
Report its current state to one or multiple shadows
Retrieve its desired state from shadow
Mobile App
Set the desired state of a device
Get the last reported state of the device
Delete the shadow
Shadow
Shadow reports delta, desired and reported
states along with metadata and version

38. Device shadows and versioning
Sprinkler
Control
logic
on (version=1)
off (version=2)
Device
Gateway
off (version=2)
on (version=1)
(old message ignored by device)

39. Manual Control

40. Data storage
& analytics
Sensors
Talking back to the sprinklers: manual override
Control
automation
AWS IoT
Administration
Actuators

41. Wrap-up

42. AWS IoT
Data storage
& analytics
Administration
Sensors
Actuators
Intel Greenhouse
Control
automation

44. Resources
https://aws.amazon.com/documentation/iot/
http://mqtt.org/
https://www.reddit.com/r/iot
http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/do-it-yourself/edison.html