DNS DDoS mitigation using Amazon Route 53 and AWS Shield
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Bigger and more sophisticated distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks are targeting the Internet’s Domain Name System (DNS) causing significant downtime to websites and application. Amazon Route 53, the AWS DNS service, integrates tightly with AWS Shield, the AWS service that provides managed DDoS protection, to safeguard your web applications and protect against large scale attacks. Techniques Amazon Route 53 employs to thwart DDoS attacks including Anycast Striping, Shuffle Sharding and a global network of 56 points of presence. Mitigation strategies AWS Shield provides including inline mitigations, visibility and cost protection. Learning Objectives: • Learn how Amazon Route 53 scales against DDoS attacks • Learn about the advanced features like Anycast Striping and traffic shaping mitigates DDoS risks • Learn how always-on inline mitigation techniques protects against advanced attacks • Learn how AWS Shield integrates with Amazon Route53 to monitor traffic signatures and undertakes deterministic packet filtering to minimize application downtime • Learn why customers should use Amazon Route 53 and AWS Shield to protect against DNS DDoS attacks
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DNS DDoS mitigation using Amazon Route 53 and AWS Shield
- 1. © 2016, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Sergey Royt, Jeffrey Lyon Amazon Route 53 and AWS Shield DDoS Protection and Risk Mitigation
- 2. DDoS 101
- 3. What is DDoS? Distributed Denial of Service
- 4. DDoS attacks target DNS in two layers
- 5. Types of DDoS attacks
- 6. Types of DNS DDoS attacks Volumetric DDoS attacks Congest DNS networks by flooding them with more traffic than they are able to handle (e.g., UDP reflection attacks)
- 7. DDoS attack trends - volumetric Volumetric Application layer Volumetric attacks using amplification and reflection techniques are very common 47% Volumetric 53% Application layer
- 9. Types of DNS DDoS attacks Application-layer DDoS attacks target DNS by using well-formed but malicious queries to circumvent mitigation and consume application resources – These are known as query floods
- 10. DDoS attack trends – query floods Volumetric Application layer DNS query floods are real DNS requests These can continue for hours and exhaust the available memory/cpu resources of the DNS server 47% Volumetric 53% Application layer
- 11. DNS query floods Few Good Actors Thousands of Bad Bots Recursive DNS servers Authoritative DNS Service
- 12. Traditional challenges in mitigating DNS DDoS attacks
- 13. Traditional challenges in mitigating DNS DDoS attacks Difficult to enable Zone isolation Over-provisioned bandwidth capacity Redundancy and scale
- 14. Traditional challenges in mitigating DNS DDoS attacks Traditional Datacenter Manual involvement Operator involvement to initiate mitigation Re-route traffic to scrubbing location Increased time to mitigate
- 15. Traditional challenges in mitigating DNS DDoS attacks Traditional Datacenter Traffic re-routing = Increased latency for users
- 16. Traditional challenges in mitigating DNS DDoS attacks Expensive to use • DDoS mitigation service cost • Cost of maintaining scrubbing devices • Paying for bandwidth • Personnel cost
- 17. Amazon Route 53 Highly resilient and fault tolerant DNS
- 18. Built-In redundancy 56 global edge locations
- 19. Network capacity Tens of terabits of transit capacity
- 20. Network redundancy Multiple transit and peering providers
- 21. Name server redundancy 4 name servers for each hosted zone
- 22. Resiliency and availability : Anycast DNS Anycast striping
- 23. Fault tolerance and zone isolation Zone Isolation
- 24. Amazon Route 53 always runs at scale Network runs at Scale Infrastructure runs at scale 100% SLA
- 25. Customers keep asking … Does AWS protect me from DDoS attacks? What about large DDoS attacks? How can I get visibility when I get attacked? Does AWS protect me from application layer attacks? Scaling for DDoS attacks is expensive. I want to talk to DDoS experts.
- 26. AWS Shield A managed DDoS protection service
- 27. AWS Shield Standard Protection Advanced Protection Available to all customers at no additional cost Paid service that provides additional, comprehensive protections from large and sophisticated attacks
- 29. DDoS protections built into AWS Integrated into the AWS global infrastructure Always-on, fast mitigation without external routing Redundant Internet connectivity in AWS data centers
- 30. Layer 3/4 infrastructure protection Automatically filters invalid traffic. Examples of attributes include: • IP checksum • TCP valid flags • Payload length • DNS, HTTP request validation Deterministic filtering
- 31. Low suspicion attributes • Normal packet or request header • Traffic composition and volume is typical given its source • Traffic valid for its destination High suspicion attributes • Suspicious packet or request headers • Entropy in traffic by header attribute • Entropy in traffic source and volume • Traffic source has a poor reputation • Traffic invalid for its destination • Request with cache-busting attributes Layer 3/4 infrastructure protection Traffic prioritization based on scoring
- 32. Layer 3/4 infrastructure protection • Inline inspection and scoring • Preferentially discard lower priority (attack) traffic • False positives are avoided and legitimate viewers are protected Traffic prioritization based on scoring High-suspicion packets dropped Low-suspicion packets retained
- 33. AWS Shield Advanced Managed DDoS protection
- 34. AWS Shield Advanced Application Load Balancer Classic Load Balancer Amazon CloudFront Amazon Route 53 Available today on..
- 35. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response team Cost protection
- 36. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response team Cost protection
- 37. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response team Cost protection
- 38. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response team Cost protection
- 39. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response team Cost protection
- 40. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response team Cost protection
- 41. Always-on monitoring and detection Signature based detection Heuristics-based anomaly detection Baselining
- 42. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response Team Cost protection
- 43. Advanced Layer 3/4 infrastructure protection • Distributed scrubbing and bandwidth capacity • Automated routing policies to absorb large attacks • Manual traffic engineering Advanced routing policies
- 44. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response Team Cost protection
- 45. Attack notification and reporting • Real-time notification of attacks via Amazon CloudWatch • Near real-time metrics for attack forensics • Historical attack reports
- 46. Attack notification and reporting
- 47. Attack notification and reporting
- 48. Attack notification and reporting
- 49. Attack notification and reporting
- 50. Attack notification and reporting
- 51. Attack notification and reporting
- 52. Attack notification and reporting
- 53. Attack notification and reporting
- 54. Attack notification and reporting
- 55. Attack notification and reporting
- 56. Attack notification and reporting
- 57. Attack notification and reporting
- 58. Attack notification and reporting
- 59. Attack notification and reporting
- 60. Attack notification and reporting
- 61. Attack notification and reporting
- 62. Attack notification and reporting
- 63. Attack notification and reporting
- 64. Attack notification and reporting
- 65. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response Team Cost protection
- 66. 24x7 access to DDoS response team • Critical and urgent priority cases are answered quickly and routed directly to DDoS experts • Complex cases can be escalated to the AWS DDoS Response Team (DRT), who have deep experience in protecting AWS as well as Amazon.com and its subsidiaries
- 67. 24x7 access to DDoS response team Before attack Proactive consultation and best practice guidance During attack Attack mitigation After attack Post-mortem analysis
- 68. AWS Shield Advanced Always-on monitoring & detection Advanced L3/4 & L7 DDoS protection Attack notification and reporting 24x7 access to DDoS Response Team Cost protection
- 69. Cost protection AWS absorbs scaling cost due to DDoS attack • Amazon CloudFront • Elastic Load Balancer • Application Load Balancer • Amazon Route 53
- 70. Thank you!
- 71. Questions ? Useful Links – Forums- AWS Shield - https://forums.aws.amazon.com/forum.jspa?forumID=238 Amazon Route53 - https://forums.aws.amazon.com/forum.jspa?forumID=87 Whitepapers- https://d0.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/Security/DDoS_White_Paper.pdf