TLC201_On Demand and Under Budget

© 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
On Demand and Under Budget:
Vodafone TV's Journey to a Cloud-Centric
Architecture
W o l f g a n g Z e l l e r , V o d a f o n e , H e a d o f V i d e o & C o E
M i c h a e l G e i s s l e r , V o d a f o n e , P r i n c i p a l A r c h i t e c t V i d e o & C o E
A r i e L e e u w e s t e i j n , A W S S o l u t i o n s B u i l d e r
D o n a t e l l o A . G a s s i , A W S , S n r M g r , S o l u t i o n s A r c h i t e c t u r e
AWS re:INVENT
N o v e m b e r 2 7 , 2 0 1 7

What to expect from the session
Understand how Vodafone has implemented a Cloud centric TV platform
Deep dive on 2 AWS solutions for operations automation
Understand the future of Vodafone TV

HISTORY

CLASSIC TV IN THE DAYS
redundancy everywhere
100% service availability
lean back - linear
broadcast experience
@home behind the scenes

… BUT THAT HAS MANY DRAWBACKS
Huge infrastructure cost
Focused mainly on linear
Dedicated Data Centres
Slow change processes

TV footprint in Vodafone
VF-ES
VF-TR
VF-UKVF-IE
VF-IT
VF-RO
VF-GR
VF-DE
VF-NL
VF-PT
VF-IN
VF-NZ
VF-ZA
 > 10Mio TV subscriber in various network types (mobile, cable, DSL, FTTH..)
 very inhomogeneous platform landscape

PRESENT

WHAT THE CUSTOMER EXPECTS
Traditional /
Linear Content
STB Services*
Personal Recording
Pause / Rewind
TV Anytime
Personal Recordings
Catch-Up TV
Start-Over TV
TV Anywhere
PC
Tablets & Smartphones
3rd Party Content Social / Participative TV
Apps & Widgets PersonalizationVideo-On-Demand

Vodafone TV

ONE SOLUTION N MARKETS
One
VTV Product
One
Backend
One
Operating
process
One
Multi-OpCo
Team
one platform  reduced complexity
deployment central simplified operations agile development faster TTM
cloud architectureautomation, virtualization

OUR FIRST TRY ....
We went on premise again …
Asked SW vendors to “come back from cloud”
Huge HW invest
Increased operations and maintenance cost

No process overhead
agile & devops methodology
failures part of culture
A/B testing
WHERE THE NEW ONES ARE BETTER

SO, WHAT TO DO?
lift ⬆ and shift➔ to cloud !
TV meets an alien – total shift of paradigm
first small lab environment running in cloud
cloud, really ? more IaaS
no more hardware to care about
concentrating on software deployment instead of
hardware

That‘s it ..
 move I&D environments to AWS
 move ATP environments to AWS
 managed security approval
 reduced cost dramatically CAPEX by 75%
 tripled development speed and release
cycles
 improved quality and turn around time
significantly

© 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.© 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
How to manage the schedule for multiple test environment?
How to automate Operations of AWS Environments?

 Flexible scheduling of EC2 and RDS instances
 Optimized for period based scheduling
Instance Scheduler
Ops Automator
 Automation of actions acting on your AWS resources
 Event and moment based scheduling

WHAT IS AWS OPS AUTOMATOR?
• AWS Ops Automator enables customers to optimize
the operations of their AWS environments by
automatically executing actions on their AWS
resources at specific moments or events.

OPS AUTOMATOR HIGH LEVEL ARCHITECTURE
Operations
Operations
Operations account with Ops Automator
deployed as CloudFormation Stack
Operations
Managed resources in
multiple accounts and regions.
Access controlled by IAM
cross-account roles

BENEFITS
 Framework handles scheduling, resource selection, filtering,
aggregation, error handling, configuration, logging, auditing,
concurrency, cross-account and cross-region scenarios
 Extendible with new actions
 Replaces ad-hoc solutions and duplicate code
 Deliver custom automation solutions in a days instead of
weeks

OPS AUTOMATOR CONCEPTS
2. Meta information from task’s action is used to select,
filter and optionally aggregate and batch resources
3. Create task action instance(s)
with configured parameters
4. Action code executes that acts on
resources on optimized Lambda Instance
5. Every step in the process is
tracked and output is logged
1. Event or moment
triggers configured Task
Events
Moments
Task
Configuration
Resources
Actions
Tracking
Trigger
Trigger Use
Select
Act on
Progress

OPS AUTOMATOR ACTION CATEGORIES
EC2 EBS Snapshot management
(create, copy, delete, share, reporting, tagging)
EC2 Image (AMI) management (create, delete, share)
EC2 Instance management (start, stop, terminate, tagging)
SSM Run command
RDS Snapshot management (create, copy, share, delete)
RDS Instance management (start, stop, delete)
Redshift snapshot management (create, delete)
CloudFormation Stack management (create, delete)
DynamoDB Capacity scheduling

Ops Automator – Deep Dive and DEMO

OPS AUTOMATOR DESIGN
ECS Cluster
Event Handlers
CloudWatch
Events
Ec2 Events
Timer Handler
Configuration
Task
Trackling
AWS Actions
CreateSnapshot
Custom Actions
DeleteSnapshot
CopySnapshot
Trusted Advisor
Reporting
…
…
…
Management
API
AWS Resources in
multiple accounts
and regions
Action
Cross-Account
Roles Templates
Task Configuration
Templates
Task
Configurations
Stacks
Cross-Account RolesGenerated from Action Meta information
Concurrency
Control
Completion
handler
Other events
(tbd)
CloudWatch
Rule
Selection Handler
CloudFormation
Custom Resource
Custom
Resource
Handler
CloudWatch
Rule
Task
Execution
Handlers
Task
Execution
Handlers
Event
Forwarding
CloudWatch
Events

DEMO TIME

WHAT IS THE INSTANCE SCHEDULER?
The Instance Scheduler enables AWS customers to automatically stop and start their Amazon
EC2 and RDS instances. The solution is easy to configure, works in multiple accounts and
regions, and offers a simple method to help reduce Amazon EC2 and RDS costs.
region region region
Instance
Scheduler
EC2 and RDS
instances
EC2 and RDS
instances
EC2 and RDS
instances

EXAMPLE USAGE SCENARIOS
Unlike terminating instances, the EC2 Instance Scheduler allows you to
automatically shut down instances when not in use and pick up where you left
off.
Development teams who want to leverage automation for EC2 cost
savings, yet preserve their test environment and dependencies.
Customers who use Auto Scaling in their production environment, and
need a complimentary cost-savings strategy for instances outside of Auto
Scaling groups (e.g. instances that require more extensive bootstrapping).

SCHEDULE SCENARIOS
Optionally an “enforced” flag can be set to overwrite manual start stops or restart after issues like
hardware failures
Scheduled start Scheduled stop
User stays in control and can start/stop instances manually
Scheduled start Scheduled stopUser stops
instance early
Scheduled start Scheduled stopUser starts
instance early

SCHEDULE SCENARIOS ( c o n t i n u e d )
Scheduler only used to start OR stop instances
User starts instance Scheduled stop
Scheduled start User stops instance

Instance Scheduler – Deep Dive and DEMO

INSTANCE SCHEDULER DESIGN

CONFIGURATION
 Schedules, periods and other settings are configured in
DynamoDB
 CloudFormation template will setup sample configuration that
can be used as a starting point
 Management (CloudFormation support, CLI)
 Instances can be scheduled by simply tagging it with the name of
the schedule from the configuration

HOW THE INSTANCE SCHEDULER WORKS
The solution uses Amazon EC2 and RDS resource tags to identify which instances should receive
Instance Scheduler actions.
In the configuration define the name of the
custom tag the Instance Scheduler will use.
Tagname: Schedule
region region
Tag Key: Schedule
Tag Value: nl-office-hours Then, apply the tag to EC2 and RDS
instances in a configurable set of regions
of your AWS account.
The value of the tag refers to a schedule in
the configuration, defined the scheduler
configuration, that is used to start and
stop the instance.
Tag Key: Schedule
Tag Value: us-office-hours

Ops Automator :
https://aws.amazon.com/answers/infrastructure-
management/ops-automator/
Instance Scheduler : (coming soon)
Try these solutions yourself:

VODAFONE TV (NEAR) FUTURE

VODAFONE TV – THE ARCHITECTURE
ExtendedServices
nPVR
STB
MobileApps
UpgradeServer
ImageServerVideo
Mgmt
CDN
DataAggregator
Reporting
One Cloud, multi-tenant managedandoperatedby
Kaltura
CAS+ DRM Recommendation
Engine
Headend
On-premises On-premises
PROVISIONING
BILLING/ ER
SAM
VodafoneTV|The Architecturetoday

ROAD TO CLOUD NATIVE
The Architecture 2020/21
Extended Services
Dynamic nPVR & CDN
STB Mobile
Apps
CDN
Video CMS Gateway
Reporting
CAS + DRM Recommendation
…
Live/VOD
PROVISIONING
BILLING/ER
SAM
Voice Ad-Insertion
…
Cloud native & multi-tenant
Hybrid Public/Private Cloud
Data
Notificati
Image
Analysis
Report
License
User
BSSInt
The Architecture today

Our 2020/21 Strategy
Extended Services
Dynamic nPVR & CDN
STB Mobile
Apps
CDN
Video CMS Gateway
Reporting
CAS + DRM Recommendatio
n
…
Live/VOD
PROVISIONING
BILLING/ER
SAM
Voice Ad-Insertion
…
Cloud native & multi-tenant
Hybrid Public/Private Cloud
Data
Notificati
Image
Analysis
Report
License
User
BSSInt
The Architecture

ROAD TO CLOUD NATIVE - Challenges
Modularization of Components → Microservices
Use of native Cloud technologies → Autoscaling, Lambda
Remove on prem systems→ Virtualized Headend, cloud CDN
& nPVR
New Services concepts→ 3rd party software integrated as
SaaS
Apply Cloud native security concepts  CloudHSM, VPC, Sec
Groups…
Same quality & reliability BUT reduced cost & complexity

Automation Modularization Standardization Speed
GENERIC IMPROVEMENTS

AREAS OF INTEREST
 Where video content is aggregated
 Well established models but expensive
TV HEADEND
STB REMOTE MANAGEMENT
 Controlling VF owned STB’s to ensure service quality
 Well standardized but old fashioned

HEADEND – WHERE CONTENT IS PREPARED
What it does - collect, en-/transcode, protect, store, distribute videos
How it works today – dedicated appliances, security in cages, …
What kind of data volumes – mind blowing
Processes – carrier grade designed for 100% availability

A FEW WORDS ON CA* IN THE CLOUD
CA = Conditional Access = Content Protection
In the past
• Dedicated cages with extended
security requirements
• Secret hardware
• Extra certification from
Content Owners
• And what not …

Today
• Running in AWS
• Leveraging things like
CloudHSM
• Using lots of standard
technologies
• Still approved by Content
Owners

THE CONTRIBUTION „HEADACHE“
• Differnt Ingest methods
• Huge Bandwidth
• Realtime
• No information loss while
transport
Sattelite
SDI/IP
Files

THE CONTRIBUTION „HEADACHE“
EXAMPLE
• HD stream in SDI/IP = 1.5GBit/s
• We receive 200-300 channels
 ~500 Gbit/s
• Fully redundant, so second path
•  ~500 Gbit/s * 2 = 1 Tbit/s
Sattelite
SDI/IP
Files

HOW HEADENDS LOOK LIKE - TODAY
Content
Provider
Ingest
Management
Transcoding
Platform
nPVR
Platform
Internet
• Specialized Hardware everywhere
• GBit’s of Data even for ONE TV
channel
• Massive storage capacities required
• Still “analog” minded business
Challenges
1 HD Channel ~
1.5GBit SDI/IP
CDN

AND WHERE WE WANT TO BE
• Transcoding done in virtual appliances
started and stopped whenever needed
• nPVR uses cloud based storage platform and
virtual appliances for recording, packaging
and encryption
• Components that cannot be virtualized
will be replaced
Virtualized Platform
Pre-encoding at CP to
reduce Bandwidth to
~100MBit/ stream
Content
Provider
Ingest
Management
Transcoding
Platform
nPVR
Platform
Internet
CDN
hybrid

HEADEND IN THE CLOUD – Non Linear
For VoD and pre-ingested catchup content
Goal 1: Central cloud service for all Operating Companies (OpCo)
Goal 2: Service broker encapsulating multiple encoding service providers
Goal 3: Selection of provider on per asset basis using business rules
• For example high quality content with low demand on ingest speed
• Pre-ingested catchup with near real time requirement, …

VOD ENCODING BROKER & FARM
FTP
Signiant
S3
1. Asset file delivery
Encoding
Manager
2. Encoding Request
Metadata -
resolution, prio, ...
Target
Bucket
Encoder
Encoder
Encoder
Encoder
Job
Scheduler
Business
Engine
3. Planning &
Scheduling
4. Encoding
5. To Delivery
Platform
Admin

STB REMOTE MANAGEMENT
Challenge: Manage millions of devices in field
Classic Approach:ACS* systems deployed on premise
Disadvantage: Huge investment and again operational overhead
New Way: Let’s go IoT
*ACS = Access Control Server, TR069, TR101

ACS THE MODERN WAY – IoT SERVICES
Internal
Notification
API Gateway
Mobile Push
Notifications
IoT Messaging
Broker for
Managed Dev
Vodafone TV Cloud
Vendor
Vendor
iOSAndroid
STB

In summary...

The f ut ure is excit ing.
Ready?
 l ift and shift p rove n to b e
su cce ssfu l
 cost saving s have
mate rialize d
 p rodu ction p l atf orms
working flawle ss in the
clou d for PAY -T V
…but this is only the beginning of a fantastic journey

Q&A
?

Thank you!

TLC201_On Demand and Under Budget

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