Clinical signs, treatment, prevention and control

1. A Presentation on
Dermatophilosis
Course no: VM 633
Course Title: Veterinary Dermatology
Prepared By-
Group B
18 VMED - JJ 11M
18 VMED - JJ 12M
18 VMED - JJ 13M
18 VMED - JJ 14M
18 VMED - JJ 15M
18 VMED - JJ 16M
18 VMED - JJ 17M

2. Outline
 Synonyms
 Definition
 Etiology
 Epidemiology
 Risk factors
 Economic Importance
 Clinical Findings
 Diagnosis
 Differential diagnosis
 Treatment
 Prevention & control

3. Synonyms
 Mycotic dermatitis in sheep
 Cutaneous streptotricosis
 Senekobo disease of cattle
 Lumpy wool of sheep
 Cutaneous antinomycosis
 Strawberry foot rot disease

4. Definition
It is a seasonal superficial skin disease of animals &
men characterized by exudation & matting of hair &
wool therefore formation of crust & scab.

5. Etiology
 Dermatophilus congolensis
 Two morphological form –filamentous hyphae &
motile zoospores.
 Gram negative, aerobic or facultative anaerobic.

6. Epidemiology
Distribution:
World wide distributed
More economic loss in Africa
Australia
New Zealand
Europe
Middle east &
North central & South America.

7. Cont…
Host Range :
 Wide
 Commonly in cattle, sheep, horse but
occasionally in horse, rarely in pigs, dogs & cats.
 Mostly affects young animals.
 Human also affected.

8. Cont…
Transmission:
 Animal to human.
 Through contact or through ticks & flies.
 Infection can be spread by shearing, dipping or
introducing an infected animal into a herd or flock.

9. Risk factors
Skin susceptibility is increased by
 Trauma
 The effect of prolong or heavy rain fall
 Exposure of unpigmented skin to the sun
 Malnutrition & concurrent disease.

10. Cont…
Factors that reduce or permeate the natural
barriers of integument are
 Rain
 High humidity
 High temperature
 Various ectoparasites

11. Economic Importance
 Defect in hides & skin
 Fleeces containing scabs become downgraded
 Decrease milk production
 Reduce fertility in dairy cow
 Performance draft cattle reduce
 Animal suffer from cachexia & death

12. Clinical Findings
 Hair mated together- paintbrush lesion.
 Crust or scab formation as initial lesion coalesce.
 Keratinized material forming wart like lesion.
 The underline skin – red coarsely granular and
often haemorrhagic.

13. Cont…
 On healing , the scab separate from skin but
remain attached to the hair.
 Oral lesions in buffaloes and bulls, erosion or
raised granulomatous lesions affect palate,
lips, and dorsal surface of the tongue

14. Fig. Dermatophilosis
Fig. Dermatophilosis Fig. Dermatophilus congolensis

15. Diagnosis
Presumptive diagnosis-
Based on skin lesions demonstration of
causative agents in scab or skin.
Confirmatory diagnosis-
Microscopic examination of the organism
Culture on blood agar media
(a narrow zone of haemolysis is seen)
FAT, ELISA and PCR also.

16. Differential diagnosis
 Dermatophilosis –
Hair matted together,
Crust or scab formation on skin,
presence of wart-like lesions.
 Scabby mouth - Scab formation
 Foot rot - Lameness, Foul smell form affected limbs
 Photosensitization- Intense irritation, Affect
unpigemented skin ( ear, muzzle, vulva, face,
conjunctiva ), Rubbing affected area.

17. Treatment
Antibiotics :
 Erythromycin – 12.50 mg / kg bwt. Daily, IM.
 Penicillin-G -10,000-20,000 IU/Kg bwt. (12-24 or
48- 72 hrs intervals), IM
 Streptomycin- 11mg / kg bwt. (12 hours intervals), IM
 Tetracycline -10 mg /kg bwt. (24 hours intervals), IM
# In chronic infection- procaine penicillin @ 22000
IU/kg and streptomycin @ 22 mg/kg bwt IM.
# If these fail – Penicillin+Streptomycin adm. Daily for
5 days or LA Oxytetracycline @ 20 mg/kg bwt, IM.

18. Prevention & control
 Direct contact and grooming materials (affected
ones) should be avoided.
 Controlling fly and tick population.
 Maintaining good hygiene in rainy season.
 After sharing and clipping animal should be
dipped in 0.5% Zn sulfate solution.
 Alum should be used in sharing.
 Maintaining quarantine .
 No satisfactory vaccine.