This Grammar Walkthrough is part of the online grammar textbook Analyzing Grammar in Context - https://faculty.unlv.edu/nagelhout/AnalyzingGrammarInContext/index.html

1. Clause Form and Function from The Heart of Darkness
In the text below, identify each clause by its Main Verb Phrase:
The Director of Companies was our captain and our
host. We four affectionately watched his back as he
stood in the bows looking to seaward. On the whole
river there was nothing that looked half so nautical.
He resembled a pilot, which to a seaman is
trustworthiness personified. It was difficult to
realize his work was not out there in the luminous
estuary, but behind him, within the brooding
gloom.

2. Clause Form and Function from The Heart of Darkness
In the text below, identify each clause by its Main Verb Phrase:
The Director of Companies was our captain and our
host. We four affectionately watched his back as he
stood in the bows looking to seaward. On the whole
river there was nothing that looked half so nautical.
He resembled a pilot, which to a seaman is
trustworthiness personified. It was difficult to
realize his work was not out there in the luminous
estuary, but behind him, within the brooding
gloom.

3. Clause Form and Function from The Heart of Darkness
In the text below, identify each clause by its Main Verb Phrase:
The Director of Companies was our captain and our
host. We four affectionately watched his back as he
stood in the bows looking to seaward. On the whole
river there was nothing that looked half so nautical.
He resembled a pilot, which to a seaman is
trustworthiness personified. It was difficult to
realize his work was not out there in the luminous
estuary, but behind him, within the brooding
gloom.

4. Clause Form and Function from The Heart of Darkness
In the text below, identify each clause by its Main Verb Phrase:
The Director of Companies was our captain and our
host. We four affectionately watched his back as he
stood in the bows looking to seaward. On the
whole river there was nothing that looked half so
nautical. He resembled a pilot, which to a seaman is
trustworthiness personified. It was difficult to
realize his work was not out there in the luminous
estuary, but behind him, within the brooding
gloom.

5. Clause Form and Function from The Heart of Darkness
In the text below, identify each clause by its Main Verb Phrase:
The Director of Companies was our captain and our
host. We four affectionately watched his back as he
stood in the bows looking to seaward. On the
whole river there was nothing that looked half so
nautical. He resembled a pilot, which to a seaman is
trustworthiness personified. It was difficult to
realize his work was not out there in the luminous
estuary, but behind him, within the brooding
gloom.

6. Clause Form and Function from The Heart of Darkness
In the text below, identify each clause by its Main Verb Phrase:
The Director of Companies was our captain and our
host. We four affectionately watched his back as he
stood in the bows looking to seaward. On the
whole river there was nothing that looked half so
nautical. He resembled a pilot, which to a seaman is
trustworthiness personified. It was difficult to
realize his work was not out there in the luminous
estuary, but behind him, within the brooding
gloom.

7. Clause Form and Function from The Heart of Darkness
In the text below, identify each clause by its Main Verb Phrase:
The Director of Companies was our captain and our
host. We four affectionately watched his back as he
stood in the bows looking to seaward. On the
whole river there was nothing that looked half so
nautical. He resembled a pilot, which to a seaman
is trustworthiness personified. It was difficult to
realize his work was not out there in the luminous
estuary, but behind him, within the brooding
gloom.

8. Clause Form and Function from The Heart of Darkness
In the text below, identify each clause by its Main Verb Phrase:
The Director of Companies was our captain and our
host. We four affectionately watched his back as he
stood in the bows looking to seaward. On the
whole river there was nothing that looked half so
nautical. He resembled a pilot, which to a seaman
is trustworthiness personified.
There are seven clauses in this passage.

9. Identify the form and function of each clause:
1. The Director of Companies was our captain and
our host.
2. We four affectionately watched his back
3. as he stood in the bows looking to seaward
4. there was nothing
5. that looked half so nautical
6. He resembled a pilot
7. which to a seaman is trustworthiness personified
Clause Types from The Heart of Darkness

10. 1. The Director of Companies was our captain and
our host.
Form: INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
Function: INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
Clause Types from The Heart of Darkness
Identify the form and function of each clause:

11. 2. We four affectionately watched his back
Form: INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
Function: INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
Clause Types from The Heart of Darkness
Identify the form and function of each clause:

12. 3. as he stood in the bows looking to seaward
Form: SUBORDINATE CLAUSE - DEPENDENT
Function: ADVERBIAL (modifies the independent
clause)
Clause Types from The Heart of Darkness
Identify the form and function of each clause:

13. 4. there was nothing
Form: INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
Function: INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
Clause Types from The Heart of Darkness
Identify the form and function of each clause:

14. 5. that looked half so nautical
Form: RELATIVE CLAUSE - DEPENDENT
Function: ADJECTIVAL (modifies NOTHING)
Clause Types from The Heart of Darkness
Identify the form and function of each clause:

15. 6. He resembled a pilot
Form: INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
Function: INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
Clause Types from The Heart of Darkness
Identify the form and function of each clause:

16. 7. which to a seaman is trustworthiness personified
Form: RELATIVE CLAUSE - DEPENDENT
Function: ADJECTIVAL (modifies PILOT)
Clause Types from The Heart of Darkness
Identify the form and function of each clause:

17. Analyzing Grammar in Context Walkthroughs
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