A project for World Tourism about the Oceanian country of Vanuatu. Includes culture, geographical sites, natural attractions, food, etc.
Fonts are Colors of Autumn and Bebas.
12. 4 largest islands
Espiritu Santo
Malekula
Erro Mango
Efate (where Port Villa is located, main island)
13. wet tropical to subtropical
MAY TO OCTOBER: 27 TO 30 DEGREES
NOVEMBER TO APRIL : ALMOST 12 DEGREES
JANUARY TO MARCH: HEAVY RAINS
CLIMATE
Inyeug (Mystery) Island
14. Landforms
JUNGLES
• Sandy beaches
• Jungles
• Coral reef
• Volcanoes
BEACHES
VOLCANOES
Tranquility Island, Port Vila
MELE CASCADES, PORT VILA
CORAL
REEFS
MELE BAY
VOLCAN YASU
15. LAND
ISLANDS
BEACHES
JUNGLES
caves
VOLCANOES
HIGHEST POINT: MOUNT
TABWEMASANA (6,200 FT.)
16. ISLANDS
SOUTHERNMOST: ANEITYUM
NORTHERNMOST: BANKS AND TORRES ISLAND GROUP
MOST FAMOUS AMONG TOURISTS:
Malekula island
Epi island
tanna
Pentecost island
17. BEACHES
CHAMPAGNE BEACH
The Boracay of Vanuatu
Declared by cnn as one
of the worlds best beaches
Found in espiritu santo
24. VOLCANOES
home of some of the worlds most active volcanoes
LOPEVI
MOTLAV
SUREMATAI
GAUA
MERE LAVA
AOBA
AMBRYM
KUWAE
EPI
NORTH VATE
TRAITORS HEAD
ANEITYUM
And of course,
UNNAMED.
25. MOUNT YASUR
ONE OF THE MOST ACTIVE VOLCANOES IN THE WORLD
MOST FAMOUS VOLCANO
ERUPTING SINCE 1774
FOUND ON TANNA ISLAND
361 M high
45. 80 SPECIES OF BUTTERFLY
12 species of ANTS AND TERMITES
73 SPECIES OF LAND SNAILS
22 SPECIES OF EARTHWORMS
OVER 200 SPECIES OF FLIES
12 SPECIES OF BEES
46. peregrine falcon
royal parrot finch
pacific imperial pigeon
vanuatu mountain pigeon
GREEN PALM LORIKEET
47. 15 species are shore birds
32 species of are migratory sea birds
7 endemic bird species
74 species are land and freshwater birds
59. NUCLEAR FAMILY KIN GROUPS
PATRIARCHAL
NO PHYSICAL PUNISHMENT
DOMESTIC UNIT
OF CHILDREN
Ritual initiation of
growth
circumcision
60. EDUCATION
English, french, bislama
Language of instruction
Primary level
Grade 1 - 7
96% attend
But only few finish
Pre Primary level
13% attend
Due to cost
and cultural factors
secondary level
Grade 8 – 10
Senior secondary
Grade 11 – 13
17% attend
Tertiary education
University of the south pacific
61. HEALTH
Life Expectancy: 70 - 74
Birth rate: 23,02 births/1,000 population
Mortality rate: 1,000 deaths/2,000 population
Most still rely on local diviners and healers
Mostly infusions of plant leaves, etc.
62. RELIGION
83% Christian
32% Presbyterian
13% Roman Catholic
13% Anglican
11% Seventh-day Adventist
5% John Frum Movement
14% Church of Christ, the Apostolic Church Australia, the Assemblies of God, and other Christian
denomination
7% Animism
The Baha'i Faith, Muslims, Buddhists, Jehovah's Witnesses, and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints (Mormons) also are active.
63. EVERYTHING FROM HERE
IS OKAY
PERO TAPUSIN MO YUN
COAT OF ARMS OR
DELETE NA LANG
AND IDAGDAG YUN VID
WHEN DONE
68. Brief history
• Chief Roi Mata’s Domain is the first site to be inscribed
in Vanuatu. It consists of three early 17th century AD
sites on the islands of Efate, Lelepa and Artok
associated with the life and death of the last
paramount chief, or Roi Mata, of what is now Central
Vanuatu. The property includes Roi Mata’s residence,
the site of his death and Roi Mata’s mass burial site. It
is closely associated with the oral traditions
surrounding the chief and the moral values he
espoused. The site reflects the convergence between
oral tradition and archaeology and bears witness to the
persistence of Roi Mata’s social reforms and conflict
resolution, still relevant to the people of the region.
73. BISLAMA
ONE OF THE NEWEST LANGUAGES IN THE WORLD
WIDELY SPOKEN IN VANUATU
PIDGIN OR CREOLE LANGUAGE
95% OF BISLAMA WORDS ARE BASED ON ENGLISH,
5% FRENCH
ENGLISH VOCABULARY, OCEANIC GRAMMAR
SHARED WITH PAPUA NEW GUINEA AND SOLOMON
ISLANDS
74. GASTRONOMY
The making of kava
VANUATU’ S NATIONAL FOOD IS
LAPLAP
And their traditional drink is
KAVA
76. LAPLAP
Manioc,
Taro, or
yam
GRATED INTO
PASTE
PUT ON
TARO/
SPINACH LEAVES
SOAKED IN
COCONUT
CREAM
Pieces of pork, poultry,
fish, beef, OR prawns
are added
INTO THE
OVEN WITH
HOT SAUCE
The Republic of Vanuatu, former name, New Hebrides, named after the Scottish Archipelago after being colonized by the British. In Bislama, it’s Ripablik blong Vanuatu. In French, it’s Republique de Vanautu.
*basa* So Vanuatu generally means, “Land Eternal.”
It’s anthem, Yumi Yumi Yumi, meaning We, we, we. It’s motto, Long God Yumi Stanap, meaning In God We Stand. The people of Vanuatu are called ni-Vanuatu. And it’s capital, Port-Vila, the center of all activity in Vanuatu.
The colors of the flag of Vanuatu all have meaning, black for the melanesians, red represents their unity through blood, yellow for Christianity, and green for their lush agriculture. All combining to make this. Turo sa flag. The yellow symbol is the tusk of a boar, a symbol of great wealth. And the ferns are namele leaves, a symbol of peace.
Vanuatu is situated in the continent of Australia and Oceania, in the Southwest Pacific, it has a population of 266,937 and it’s time zone is UTC + 11, advanced by 3 hours from the Philippines.
This is the island nation of Vanuatu. It’s surrounding island nations are the Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Tuvalu, and Fiji. And this(arrow) is their capital, Port-Vila.
And it has the coordinates of 169 degrees east, and 19 degrees south.
It is also noted for being Y shaped
And is composed of 83 islands and islets, a lot of which are uninhabited and some are yet to be discovered.
Their 4 largest islands consist of Espiritu Santo, Malekula, Erro Mango and Efate, where their capital, Port-Vila is located.
Vanuatu has a wet tropical to subtropical climate, May to October is their dry season, averaging a temperature of 27 to 30 degrees, and their wet season is from November to April, during which the temperature may drop up to almost 12 degrees especially around winter, and their heaviest rains occur during January to March.
Vanuatu’s geographical features are mostly composed of Beaches, Jungles, Coral Reefs, and Volcanoes.
Landforms, Vanuatu’s landforms consist of Islands, beaches, Jungles and Volcanoes.
Islands
Again, Vanuatu is made up of 83 islands, most of which are mountainous and volcanic. Among these, Efate is the most populated, and Espiritu Santo is the largest.
The southernmost inhabited island is Aneityum, and the northernmost is the Banks and Torres Island group, but if you ask Tourists, the place to be is Malekula Island for a thrill ride, Epi Island, known for it’s lush greenery, Tanna, home of Mount Yasur, and Pentecost Island, home of their famous diving ritual.
Beaches, (WAG MUNA ICLICK) Vanuatu, being an island nation is home to hundreds of beaches, much like the Philippines, and of course there has to be one that stands out the most, this is (CLICK) Champagne Beach, noted for it’s pristine white sand and crystal clear waters, located in the island of Espiritu Santo.
This is Champagne Beach, (CLICK) and here are all other beaches you can visit while at Vanuatu.
Most islands on Vanuatu are also forested, with nature remaining intact. Several other landforms and bodies of water lie inside, like waterfalls, lakes and rivers. The best utilization of forests, while keeping it isolated, is the integration of the
Jungle Zipline, found in Mele village, near the waterfall, Mele Cascades. Best for thrill seekers, there are 6 ziplines, 2 suspension bridges, and it is 200 meters long, 80 meters above the canyon and finishes across a secret waterfall.
*basa*
Vanuatu also offers cave tours for a tourist adventure something like that
A 45 minute drive from civilization, the Millenium Cave is another activity for thrill seekers, but before they go spelunking, they trek through narrow jungle paths, creeks and cascades, before they enter the cave, symbolic etching is applied to the face of the tourists to assure safe passage, once this is finished they are given torches as a source of light inside the cave. Once they enter the cave they go through the length of the river, examine the cave walls, and if you lift your torch you may be able to see the bats in their natural territory, after they go through the cave, they climb a steep ridge, where they will be served fruit and coffee as congratulations for scouring through the cave.
For people incapable of high physical activity, there is still a cave for you. Blue Cave in Tanna. This cave is known for its crystal blue waters safe enough for swimming with the fishes and corals. Along the way you will encounter seagulls, dolphins and turtles.
Vanuatu sits directly on the Ring of Fire, this is why they have frequent earthquakes and as such, volcanoes are some of Vanuatu's most striking landforms. The chain is home to nine active volcanoes, two of which are undersea. Distinctly, Mount Kuwae, a submarine volcano, one of the most active volcanoes on Vanuatu, believed to have erupted around 1452, causing the creation of a sea between 2 islands. This was the largest eruption to date, leaving an impact on climate worldwide, staining the seawater yellow and the emergence of hydrogen sulfide bubbles. Another distinct volcano is Lopevi, whose crater sticks out of the ocean.
Mount Yasur. One of the most active volcanoes in the world, erupting at least for several centuries since 1774 after Captain Cook observed by ash eruptions. It is a barren cinder cone with strombolian activity, located on Tanna Island. One can observe spectacular explosions of molten lava several times in one hour and the volcano stands 361 m high.
Here is an aerial view of Vanuatu, clouded by volcanic ash courtesy of Mount Yasur.
Daytime and nighttime view
Sam Cossman and George Kourounis are among the first explorers to have stepped inside one of the world’s most dangerous and inaccessible volcanoes. More people have visited the moon than the lava filled crater in Vanuatu. They were helped by two guides, Geoff Mackley and Brad Ambrose, and spent four days on the volcano. They described Mount Yasur as being like a “window into hell.”
Bodies of Water. Vanuatu is surrounded by the Coral Sea and the South Pacific Ocean. Its bays are namely Sulphur Bay, near Mount Yasur where the Westerners first arrived, and Velit Bay.
Hot Springs and Rivers, being a volcanic nation, Vanuatu is rich in these natural sources of heat and water, most springs are found in Efate Island, and a few of the springs found in Vanuatu are:
Nagpen River(Selva River) - Biologically nearly sterile river from largest sulfur springs in Vanuatu. Its distance is 10km and has a very bitter taste because of it’s acidity and the water is dark brown with some yellow patches.
Takara Hot Springs - Seawater hot springs close to the sea. Ground temperature here reaches up to 101°C, water temperature in springs - 74°C.
Thermal fields of Manaro Lakua - Thermal field with hot springs and fumaroles (some sources mention also geysers). Located in pristine tropical forest with numerous endemic species including endemic orchids.
Blue holes are also quite common in Vanuatu, being a main source of water and recreation for some. One of the most known is the Matevulu Blue Hole, found in Sanma, Espiritu Santo. Tourists and locals usually get here via kayak. It is a beautiful spring coming out of approximately 15 m deep cave filled with blue water. The only place in the world where freshwater hermit crabs live.
Lakes are usually a result of volcanic activity. Some of the volcanic lakes are Ambrym, Ambae, Gaua, Siwi, now drained, and Vanua Lava.
Lava lakes are seemingly permanent and violent craters of boiling molten lava. Pictured here is the Marum Lava Lake, and other Lava Lakes are the Ambrym Lava Lake and the Benbow Lava Lake, noted for being one of the most deep. It is around lava lakes that live specially adapted organisms like orchids and insects.
Waterfalls, are very common in Vanuatu, an example is Siri Falls in Torba, a 120 m tall waterfall within a lush jungle.
Another one of Vanuatu’s most famous natural tourist spots. Located in Shefa, Efate Island, tourists go through the Mele village and jungle to get to this location, from there, they go swimming below as they marvel in the beauty of this natural landmark.
Vanuatu is close to the Coral Triangle, therefore is much more diverse in terms of corals and marine life.
Vanuatu is very rich in sea life, it is home to almost 4000 marine fishes and mollusks, a few of these are Dugongs, Humpback whales, Dolphins and Turtles, and among the perils of the water is the poisonous Stonefish. THE DOLPHIN IS THE NATIONAL ANIMAL OF VANUATU
As discussed earlier, Vanuatu is part of the Coral Triangle, and is more diverse in terms of marine flora.
Despite it’s lush forests, Vanuatu has a limited number of land species, both for plants and animals, it is believed that Vanuatu does not have any indigenuous land mammals and limited plant life.
Banyan Trees of Tanna - Many historical villages of Tanna island have giant banyan trees. Diameter of such trees reportedly reaches 50 m. The Banyan of Yakel village has a house built on top - this house is used for circumcision of local boys.
Happy Lands Kauri Reserve - One of the last stands of kauri - giant trees reaching up to 40 m height and 10 m circumference.
Despite no indigenous plant species, Vanuatu is still home to some fauna. Namely, 158 orchid specie, 21 species of palm trees, around 250 species of pterophytes/ more known as ferns, and 12 species of araceae.
The best known invertebrate is the coconut crab. Harvesting is allowed and is considered a gourmet dish in many restaurants.
Vanuatu is home to many insects
Vanuatu, aside form marine life, is rich in birds. It is home to 121 species of birds, some of which are rare and vulnerable. Namely.
Vanuatu has its fair share of reptiles and amphibians including the Green Banded Iguana was introduced from Fiji and is a species near extinction.
The Saltwater crocodile, the only crocodile species in Vanuatu, it is said that there are only 3 or 4 saltwater crocodiles in the nation.
Other reptilian and amphibian species are
Vanuatu had no other land mammals except bats until the arrival of the earliest people. There are 12 species of chiropterae (Flying Foxes and Bats) which represent the only native mammals
4 species of flying foxes, all endemic
8 other bats species
rats (Rattus exulans, Rattus norvegicus, and Rattus vattus), mice (Mus musculus), feral cattle (Bos Taurus), feral goat (Capra hircus), feral pig (Sus scrofa), feral cats and dogs
No indigenuous large mammals
It is believed that the guinea pigs were first domesticated in Vanuatu
This turtle survived on this island until the arrival of first people some 3,100 years ago.
Vanuatu is home to 266,937 people called the Ni-Vanuatu composed mostly of Melanesians.
With more than 110 distinctly diverse cultures and languages, Vanuatu is recognized as one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world.
*basa* Most people in Vanuatu live in poverty, but they are very content, with low market prices and enough food for everyone, they are the most friendly of locals. Most of them belong to small clan-villages ruled by a chief. The chief usually gains such power after the acquirement of a boar’s tusk, considered sacred among the Ni-Vanuatu. He and his family gain a higher social status through their dance costumes, adornment and architecture.
The chiefs have a nakamal, or a village clubhouse, this is where the men of the village meet and talk about important matters or a place to enjoy kava (their traditional drink) in.
And tourists should always be respectful of places that are tabu. These are their holy, sacred or forbidden places and should be respected.
Because of its rural roots, Vanuatu has a hundred percent marriage rate, mostly arranged marriages, typically with dowry like pigs, money, mats, etc. but some have already adopted Western notions of marriage.And in the southern regions, they participate in a “sister exchange” wherein a man who marries a woman from another family owes that family a woman.
The nuclear family is the principal domestic unit, but like Filipinos, they often rely on their extended relatives or their kin groups. Families are usually patriarchal, as the women move in with the man’s family, and that the man still holds authority over the family. For babies, they are often taken care of until they are 3, with either an older sibling or caregiver taking care of them. It is not common to physical harm children as a form of punishment, and to ensure the growth of children, elders perform ceremonies that involve the exchange of pigs, mats, kava, etc. And boys aged 6 to 12 often undergo circumcision.
This photo is from the website of Operation Education: Vanuatu. Showing the need for the development of education. Their language of instruction is English, French, and Bislama. And for their Pre Primary Level, only 13 percent attend, due to it’s cost and cultural factors, and the fact that the government does not focus on the improvement of these schools, however, for the primary levels, 96% attend but only few finish due to high drop out rates and non-attendance. For grades 8 – 13, only 17% attend, and lastly for college, there is almost only one university, the University of the South Pacific.
Health in Vanuatu. *basa* Most still rely on local diviners and healers, or the Philippine equivalent of an albularyo. They also rely heavily on herbal medicine.
The John Frum movement is based on the belief that John Frum, a World War II serviceman, will bring you wealth and prosperity if you follow him. It is a widely known cult in Vanuatu.
Yun totoo babasahin mo na lang wooh
Pidgin just means mix of language
Tusker Premium Beer, originating from Vanuatu. Staple food include *read left side*
And after contact with the West, *read right*
Grace Mera Molisa was a ni-Vanuatu politician, poet and campaigner for women's equality in politics. She was described as a “vanguard for Melanesian culture and a voice of the ni-Vanuatu, especially women”. She was the first woman from her country to gain a university degree, a bachelor of arts degree at the University of the South Pacific in 1977. Molisa was an Anglican. She spoke five languages.
Because of this, tourists enjoy water activities like shipwreck diving, snorkelling and scuba diving, often being cited as the best spots for it. Possibly the best shipwreck site is the discovery of the SS President Coolidge
Dive the SS President Coolidge for the wreck dive of a lifetime. As one of the largest, most accessible wrecks in the world, the President Coolidge is a wreck diver’s dream. To see the whole ship, you’ll want to do at least 10 dives but you can certainly get a feel for the majesty of the wreck on even a few dives.