2. WHAT IS LIGHTNING ??
•Lightning or illumination is the deliberate use of
light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect.
•Proper lightning can enhance task performance,
improve the appearance of an area , or have positive
psychological effects on occupants .
3. what is outdoor lightning ??
Landscape lighting or garden lighting refers to the use of
outdoor illumination of private gardens and public
landscapes; for the enhancement and purposes of safety,
night-time aesthetics, accessibility, security, recreation and
sports, and social and event uses .
4. WHAT IS OUTDOOR LIGHTNING NOW ??
•Street lightning
•stadium
•Porch lightning
•Parking lots
•Road lightning
•Landscaping
•Buildings
•Pedestrian and bicycling pathways
5. •to promote observation and experience of
the site against the night sky
•to give the building an added dimension
which will enhance its key architectural
elements as well as its social and historical
significance
•to improve the quality of the nocturnal
environment by promoting safety, ie
avoidance of trip hazards
•to enhance night-time orientation and use,
which could potentially benefit the local
economy
PURPOSE OF OUTDOOR LIGHTNING
6. HISTORY
•Street lightning was began approx 300
years ago.
•These were oil lamps placed on
wooden poles.
•By the 18th century oil lamp were still
used but the poles and lamps were
made of cast iron fixtures .
•The beginning of 19th century saw gas
lamps come in to use .
•By the 20th century electric lamps
were in wide use .
7. •Used mainly for large area
applications
•Provide higher efficacy and longer
service life
•Most common types are mercury
vapor (MV), metal halide (MH), and
high-pressure sodium (HPS)
–Metal Halide – 100/lumens per
watt
–HPS – up to 150/lumens per
watt
–MV – being phased out
High-Intensity Discharge
8. •Also considered a high intensity
discharge lamp, but it has some
unique characteristics.
• While this light is fairly
efficient, it takes several
minutes for the bulb to turn on.
•The light is very yellow-orange
•Most efficient form of artificial
lighting
•Maintain their light output
better than other lamps.
•Produces up to 200/lumens per
watt
Low-Pressure Sodium
9. •The high pressure sodium lamp
(HPS) is the most commonly used
street light throughout the world.
•It produces light by running
electricity through a mixture of
gases, which produces light.
•The lamp itself is preferred
because it requires little
maintenance.
• These lamps are fairly efficient.
•They take a while to turn on
completely and produce a yellow-
orange glow.
High Pressure Sodium (HPS)
10. FLOOD LIGHTNING ??
•Floodlights are broad-beamed, high-intensity artificial
lights.
• They are often used to illuminate outdoor playing fields
while an outdoor sports event is being held during low-light
conditions.
11. Metal halide lamps are commonly
used in streetlights, parking lot
lights, and stadium lights.
They are very bright and
contribute to a lot of light
pollution
. They are fairly efficient. They
produce very white light and have
good color rendition, meaning that
objects under these lights look
their true color
Metal Halide:
12. Deck or step lights illuminate walkways, sidewalks, driveways,
and pool edges. Installed low to the ground, path lights literally
light the way for safety and security. Ideally you should choose a
path light that is covered on the top so that the light will spread
evenly along the ground, rather than create a glare
DECK AND STEP LIGHTS
13. LANDSCAPE LIGHTNING
Landscape lighting showcases plants, trees, shrubs, and flowers. Small
spotlights and well lights (which require digging a hole so that the light will
sit flush with the ground) are common for landscape lighting as they do not
compete with plants for attention. Landscape lights can also be used to
highlight architectural features like columns. Most landscape lights can be
used in both capacities.
16. Dimmers - Light dimmers adjust the level of illumination
depending on the traffic. Dimmers help with energy
conservation and aid in your energy savings at home Dimmers
are compatible with flush mounts, pendants, and lamps.
motor detectors- Motion sensors activate the light fixture
when movement is perceived. Motion detectors add an
element of surprise and are compatible with floodlights,
landscape path lights, and surface-mounted lights.
17. Photocells - Photocells automatically turn light fixtures on
when it’s dark despite the time of day. Photocells are paired
with a time switch to turn the lights on at dusk and turn off
the lights at a specific time
• Photocells should be placed where they are not affected by
ambient lighting
Time Switches - Timers are designed to turn light fixtures on
and off at specific times, regardless of whether or not the
light is necessary. Time switches work with floodlights,
landscape path lights, roadway lights, surface-mounted
lights, and post-mounted lights
19. SPECIALISED LIGHTING
• Specialised lighting are those lighting which are
positioned in the right place to get maximum
impact.
• It can be used in landscape , outdoor and garden
lighting designs in fountains , swimming pools etc.
20. DIFFUSED /DIRECTIONAL
LIGHTING
• In many applications ,lights can’t be clearly defined as
wholly diffuse or wholly directional .It happens where
surface radiating the light is neither large nor punctual.
• It also occurs where a surface is backlit to produce diffuse
lighting and part of light is made to radiate in particular
direction and is partially directional .
• It is produced by linear lamps in appropriately designed
luminaires .
• Directional lights produces form shadows where it results
in cast shadows on neighbouring objects .It is avoided by
appropriate mix of diffuse and directional light , correct
positioning of light or of objects in relation to one
another .
21.
22. LIGHTING SYSTEMS USED IN
EXHIBITION
• LUMINOUS CEILINGS : It diffuses with
open enclosure , partly directional with
textured glass .
• The light source choosed is tubular
fluorescent lamps arranged acc. to
structural grid of luminous ceiling .the
size of luminous ceiling ,its subdivision
and transitions b/w ceiling and walls
need to suit proportions of room and
nature of objects displayed .
• It needs to deliver a high level of
luminance :500 to 1000 cd/sq.m
,ranging upto 2000cd/sq.m for very
high ceilinged rooms .
23. • INDIRECT LUMINAIRES :This impacts like luminous
ceiling achieved with indirect light bounced off ceiling
and upper wall surfaces into the room.
• It is used in rooms where daylight does not enters .It is
produced by suspended luminaires radiating light
upwards .
• Like in exhibition rooms , luminaires for suspended
power track systems ,these are inserted in track from
above while spots for directional lighting are
accommodated in the lower channel
24. COVE LUMINAIRES
• These diffuse light of luminaires
installed in curving transition between
wall and ceiling – cove or coving .
• The main direction of light is closer to
horizontal than with a luminous
ceiling .
• The light is largely shadow free .
Tubular fluorescent lamps are mostly
used.
• Excessive luminance at ceiling and on
upper part of walls causes glare and
interferes with spatial experience
because existing cove offers no space
for prisms or reflectors .
• Where simple battens are installed ,
light – dark transitions are also visible
around the lampholders .
25. WALLWASHERS
• These are used in individual
luminaires or in continuous rows .
• Light sources include linear lamps :
fluorescent lamps ,compact
fluorescent lamps and linear high –
voltage halogen lamps .
• This type of lighting delivered by
continuous rows produces relatively
deep shadows , especially along
horizontal edges of picture frames .
• The directional light delivered by
individual luminaires with non linear
lamps , gives rise to additional
shadows along horizontal edges of a
picture frame .
26. SPOT LAMPS
• Reflectors in reflector lamps or
spots direct most of the light
emitted by punctual light sources in
a defined beam direction .
• Surface mounted ceiling spots and
downlights as well as spots for
power track have visible housings
.Elements on the luminaire for
mounting accessories – such as
filters or anti – glare flaps are
useful.
• Light sources include high voltage
halogen lamps and low voltage
halogen lamps with and without
reflector , incandescent lamps with
or without chrome cap as well as
metal halide lamps.
27. LIGHTING fixtures
1.SolarLights
* Solar lights make use of tiny
photo voltaic cells (PV cells) or
solar powered cells to charge the
battery that is integrated into
lighting fixtures.
* Most manufactures prefer to
install PV cell into the lighting
fixture itself. These can’t work if
they are placed in shade.
* Other solar landscaping models
tend to separate the PV panel
from the lighting fixture. Thus the
PV panel will be able to receive
maximum sunlight. Drawback is
that wire have to be buried.
With PV panel
Without PV panel
28. A long straight tube coated with phosphor
containing low pressure mercury that produces
white light.
High pressure incandescent lamps containing
halogen gases such as iodine or bromine
allowing filament to be operated at higher
temperatures.
4. Luminaire
A complete lighting unit consisting of a lamp, ballast
as required with the parts designed to distribute the
light, position and protect the lamp and connect them
to power supply.
2. fluorescent Lights
3. halogenLights
29. 5. neonLights
6. Light emitting
diodes (led)
*Light emitting diodes (led) are tiny light bulbs without filament that are illuminated
solely by the movements of electrons in a semiconductor material.
*Earlier only halogen or fluorescent lamps could provide the punch, color, and energy
savings for certain landscape applications, LEDs are now available with these important
attributes, as well as added benefits of very long life and durability.
* Neon lighting consists of brightly glowing, electrified glass tubes or bulbs that contain
rarefied neon or other gases.
* Neon lights are a type of cold cathode gas-discharge light. A neon tube light is a
sealed glass tube with a metal electrode at each end, filled with one of a number of
gases at low pressure.
*Neon lights were named for neon, a noble gas which gives off a popular red light, but
other gases and chemicals are used to produce other colors, such
as helium (yellow), carbon dioxide (white), and mercury (blue).
