Science

1. M. Usman(05)
Shair Dill(28)
Khubaib (43)
Section C , Morning, 3rd
Semester,
AGR-021
submitted to: Dr. Shabir Hussein
Topic: Rice

2. Topic: Rice
• Botanical name:
Oriza sativa
• Introduction:
1. It is most important staple food in Pakistan& ranks
2nd.
2. A major source of export. It’s names are different in
different languages like Chawal, Dhaan etc.
3. A cereal crop, A staple food, Contribute 3.1% in
agriculture & 0.7% in GDP.
4. Fulfill dietary requirements.
5. Khareef crop.
6. Best in high temperature, abundent moisture, well
distributed in growing period.
7. Can’t grow in Sandy soil but us
8. usually heavy clay soil is better for it’s growth.
9. Grown in Punjab Sindh & Balouchistan.

3. Importance:
• The rice of square rice field is of prominent field.
• It has its own fragrance & taste.
• Such type never grown in other world parts.
• Basmati rice has best quality in Pakistan with pleasant aroma.
• Rice is best leading crop in Pakistan after wheat and cotton.
• Pakistan stands at 10th in the world in rice production.

4. Production technology:
Soing:
• Rice is usually cultivated in summer season in June-July.
• Before 20 May, nursery is grown. 4-5 Marla nursery is enough for one
acre field.
• Soing of nursery and transplanting of seedlings at optimum time is
essential for high paddy field.
• After 1 month, seedling is transferred. Should be 80,000 holes in one
acre field.
• Plant population is 16,0000 in one acre field.
• Row to row distance is 9 inches.
• 16-18 plants in each / per meter square.

5. Cultural practices:
• “ The practices applied before soing of crop “
• Include land Preparation of:
1. Irrigation if required
2. Use of cultivator ( inhibit of weed growth & soil tilth)
3. Use of Rotavator ( crushing of residue)
4. Leveling the soil If required

6. Critical Stages:
• 1) Tillering stage:
When rice is 6-8 inches in length, tillers produced.
2) Penicle stage:
Formation of basal parts of flower.
3) Heading stage:
Formation of heads at Penicle.
4) Flowering stage:
5) Ripening stage:
Grain is ready for hervesting & Is matured .

7. Fertilizers & Weeds:
• Fertilizers:
For basmati rice:
N:P:K
70:35:50
For hybrid rice:
N:P:K
70:35:25
• Nitrogen source – Urea
• Potassium source- SOP
• Phosphorus source- DAP
• Weeds:
Sawaki, deela, daryai boti , Morak

8. Diseases:
• Foot rot
• Rice blast_____ fungus
• Leaf blight
• Insects:
• Stem borers
• Aphid
• Shoot fly
• Harvesting:
• Oct- Nov ( manually done)
• Yield:
• Basmati: 45-50 mnds/ acre
• Hybrid: 100-120 mnds/ acre

9. Inter- cultural practices:
• “ The practices applied after soing of crop are known as inter
cultural practices.”
• These practices includes :
1. Hoeing
2.Earthing up
3.Thining
4.Eradication of weed from roots.

10. How we can convince farmers to cultivate rice
crop:
• By following ways :
1. It is short duration crop unlike others crops.
2. It is highly yeild producing crop with appreciable income.
3. After harvesting rice, wheat & brassica can be grien at zero tillage.
4. Residue of rice can be crushed into soil and give nutrients to next
crop.

11. Varieties:
• Basmati varieties:
Supar basmati
Basmati – 515&385
Punjab basmati
Chenab basmati
Noor basmati
Shaheen basmati
• Other varieties are:
• PK – 386
• KSK 133&434
• NIAB 2013

12. Irrigation:
• Usually 16 times irrigation applied.
• Water applied throughout patch of land
• Should be drainage . ( Drainage System)
• At soing time, water depthe should 1-15 inches.
• After 7 days, water depth should be 3 inches.
• Stands water for 3 weeks.
• Stop before 2 weeks of ripening of rice.