2. A film, also called a movie or motion picture, is a series of still or moving
images. It is produced by recording photographic images with cameras, or by
creating images using animation techniques or visual effects. The process of
filmmaking has developed into an art form and industry.
Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect
those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to be an
important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful method
for educating – or indoctrinating – citizens. The visual elements of cinema give
motion pictures a universal power of communication. Some films have become
popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the
dialogue into the language of the viewer.
3. The history of film (known variously as film, motion pictures or movies)
began in the late 1890s, with the invention of the movie camera.
Motion pictures were initially exhibited as a carnival novelty and developed
to one of the most important tools of communication and entertainment,
and mass media in the 20th century and into the 21st century. Most films
before 1930 were silent. Motion picture films have substantially affected the
arts, technology, and politics.
The movie theatre was considered a cheaper, simpler way to provide
entertainment to the masses. Movies became the most popular visual art
form of the late Victorian age. It was simpler because of the fact that before
the cinema people would have to travel long distances to see major dioramas
or amusement parks. With the advent of the cinema this changed. During the
first decade of the cinema's existence, inventors worked to improve the
machines for making and showing films.
5. Cinema, the miracle of the 20th century, came to Mongolia in the 1910s.
First movies were shown in the capital city, at the American Consulate and
Russian Stock Exchange's hotel. In 1913 the Mongolian prince Namnansuren
is known to have brought some films from Russia to show at the residence of
the Bogd Khan. After the revolution of 1921, films and film equipment were
purchased and film students trained in Russia.
Thus Mongolian people acquired access to cinema. At that time, cinema in
Mongolia was called "Shadow show,", and it was free of charge until the first
cinema theatre "Ard" was built in the 1930s. In 1935, under the decision of the
Council of Ministers, a movie production company "Mongol kino" was set up
with Soviet assistance.
6. →continous
The first production of the company was a documentary "74th Celebration
of the 1st of May." In 1936, the first feature movie was created with the
technical assistance of the Soviet "Lenfilm".
Mongolia's first movie directors, cameramen, editors and other personnel
were trained on the job by professionals from the Soviet Union.
In 1938 Mongolians independently made "Norjmaa's Way" and then
"Wolves" in 1939. Movies directed by the famous Mongolian film director
D.Jigjid, such as "Tsogt taij" (1945), "People's messenger" (1959), "Flood,"
"Son-in-law," and others have became classics of Mongolian cinema.