This document provides information on establishing and maintaining a lawn. It discusses different types of grasses used for lawns including their botanical names, common names, textures, and suitable situations. It also describes four main methods for starting a lawn: seeding, sodding, plugging, and sprigging/stolonizing. Fertilizing thrice a year and removing weeds, pests, and diseases are important for lawn care. Mowing height and frequency is also discussed.

1. SUBMITTED BY
M. Anushiya devi
ABM-11-003
LAWN MAKING

2. A lawn is an area where grass is grown as
a green carpet for a landscape and is the
basic feature of any garden.
In general lawn should be wide open with
access to direct sunshine, especially in
front of a rockery and a water pool.

3. TURF
Grass under high maintenance
Ex: sports ground
LAWN
Grass under low maintanence
Ex: Home

4. Warm season grasses
Cool season grasses

5. Botanical name Common name Texture Situation
Cynodon dactylon Hariyali (or) Arugu
(or) Doob grass
Medium fine Suitable for open
sunny location;
drought resistant
Stenotaphrum secundatum St. Augustine grass
or Buffalo grass
Coarse texture Suitable for shady
situation; requires
frequent watering
Paspalum vaginatum Paspalum grass Medium Suitable for open
sunny situation

6. Zoisia japonica Japan grass Coarse Suitable for poor
sandy soil; open
sunny situation,
slow in growth
Z. matrella Manila grass Medium Suitable for open
sunny situation
Z. tenuifolia Korean grass or
velvet grass or carpet
grass
Fine Suitable for open
sunny situation
Cynodon sp. Bermuda grass (or)
Hyderabad grass
Fine Suitable for open
sunny situation,
needs mowing

7. Botanical name Common name Texture situation
Poa annua Annual blue grass Medium fine Suitable for acid soils
and suitable for
higher elevations
Poa pratensis Kentucky blue
grass
Agrostix polystris Creaping bent
grass

8. Growth habits(Bunch, Rhizomatous, Soloniferoux)
Leaf tip(Pointed , Round shape tip, Boat shape tip, Boat shape in two splits)
Leaf texture (fine, medium, coarse)
Color (light to dark green)

13. Meyer Zoysia

14.  The four methods to starting a lawn are….
• Seeding
• Sodding
• Plugging
• Sprigging & Stolonizing

15.  Most common & least expensive way to start a
lawn.
 Methods are….
• Hand Seeding
• Hand Spreader
• Cultipacker
• Hydroseeder

16. HAND
SEEDING
HAND
SPREADER

17. Cultipacker

18. Hydroseeder
Applies seed, water, fertilizer & mulch
at the same time.

19. Using established turf (grass & roots) that is cut in thin
layers and removed from the growing area in strips.

20. Is taken to new lawn & rolled out and fitted
together.
More expensive than other methods,
but….
• Provides instant lawn.
• Works on slopes where seeds will wash away.

21. Using small plugs or blocks of sod to plant in holes about 1
foot apart.
Very time consuming, but….
Is used for many warm season grasses that are poor
seed producers.

22. Uses plant runners, cuttings, or stolons without soil
attached to start new lawns.
Sprigging is slow if done by hand.

23. Can be done by broadcasting plant parts and rolled or
disked into the soil.
Usually used on larger areas such as golf courses

24. Fertilizing the lawn thrice a year is
adequate to maintain rich greenness.
 Application of urea or ammonium sulphate
at the rate of 1 kg / 50 sq. m during
February - March, June - July and
October - November is quite beneficial.
 At times well decomposed compost at 10
kg / 10 sq. m area will be sufficient as top
dressing.

25. Weeds should be removed as soon as
they appear, otherwise they spread, seed
multiply and overpower the grass.
Fill the gaps with grass roots and fine soil.
 In the absence of rain, watering is done
regularly at weekly intervals.

26.  Mowing should be done at brief intervals and
never allow to produce seed stalks.
 Avoid cutting the grass too short as this can
damage the grass, inhibit a deeper root
system from setting up and give rise to
weeds.
 The ideal height of most grasses is 3 to 4
inches. Removing more than one-third of the
grass leaf in a single cutting is not
recommended.
 Mow only on dry grass and not when the
grass is wet.

27. Problem Symptoms Control
Chlorosis
Grass turns yellow with
the deficiency of
magnesium and iron
Iron: Spray Ferrous sulphate 25 g dissolved in
10 litres of water per 100 sq. metre.
Magnesium: Spray Magnesium sulphate 100 g
in 10 litres of water per 100 sq. metre.
Improper
mowing
Lawns cut too closely
turn yellowish and
often look diseased or
dried
Mow enough to remove not more than 1/3rd
height of the grass at a time. Keep mower
blades sharp.
Improper
watering
Light sprinkling
encourages shallow
roots. Over watering
causes diseases
Water the lawn to wet the soil about10 to 15
cm depth.

28. Pest Symptoms Control
White ants
Form small mounds around
the entrance to their
nests
Apply Lindane 1.3 % dust
Cut worms
Eat away grass stems near
the surface of the soil
causing dead spots
Apply Lindane 1.3 % dust
Grubs
Eat away the roots of
grasses creating brownish
dead patches
Apply Lindane 1.3 % dust
Leafhoppers
Suck the juice from grass
blades causing stripped
white, then yellow and
finally brown leaves.
Spray Dimethoate 2 ml/l
Nematodes
Affect the roots, lawn takes
a bleached out
appearance
Apply Furadan 40 g /sq.m