History of Architecture 1 Report by: SR Central Colleges of the Philippines College of Architecture 1st Semester S.Y. 2016-17 July 2016

1. Pre-Historic Architecture
HOA 1
Central Colleges of the Philippines
1st Semester SY 2016-17

2. History of Architecture
It is a record of man’s effort to building beautifully.

3. History of Architecture
It traces the origin, growth and decline of architectural styles which
have prevailed land and ages.

5. Influencing Factors
• Geographical
• Geological
• Climatic
• Religion
• Historical/ Contextual
• Socio-Political

6. “Megalithic Architecture”
Preserve remains of monument made partially or wholly of giant
stones are found on island or near the sea coast of the mainland.

7. Dolmen
• a megalithic tomb with a large flat stone laid on upright ones, found
chiefly in Britain and France.
• Consists of several large stones
Set on end with a large covering slab.
Dolmen ruins
in Portugal

8. Tumulus
• An ancient burial ground.

12. Menhir
• A menhir (French, from Middle Breton: maen, "stone" and hir,
"long"), standing stone, orthostat, lith or masseba/matseva
• is a large upright standing stone.
• Menhirs may be found solely as monoliths, or as part of a group of
similar stones.

13. Menhir

14. Menhir (Monoliths) --> accdg. to Salvan
• Are single great stones set on end and arranged in parallel rows, some
of which run for several miles and consists of thousands of stones.
• Purpose: religious in nature.
• Sometimes huge stones were arranged in a circle and partially
covered with horizontal slabs of stone. These are known as Cromlech.

15. Cromlech
EAST

16. Ring of Brodgar
• The Ring of Brodgar (or Brogar, or Ring o' Brodgar) is a Neolithic
henge and stone circle about 6 miles north-east of Stromness on the
Mainland, the largest island in Orkney, Scotland.
• It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of
Neolithic Orkney.

17. The site has resisted attempts at
scientific dating and the monument's
age remains uncertain.
It is generally thought to have been
erected between 2500 BC and 2000 BC,
and was, therefore, the last of the great
Neolithic monuments built on the Ness.

18. Ring of Brodgar
The stone circle is 104 metres (341 ft) in diameter, and the third largest
in the British Isles.
The ring originally comprised up to 60 stones, of which only 27
remained standing at the end of the 20th century.

19. Woodhenge

23. TENT DWELLERS OF “EAST EUROPE”
Groups of hunting people in
Parts of Eastern Europe 20,000 years ago
Lived in tents set in hollows in the ground.
The tents were made from animal skins
Stretched over a frame of wood or mammoth
Tusks.
The bones of the mammoths were used
To keep the roof in place and to pindown the
Tent as its base.
Other bones were ground down to provide
Fuel for warmth and cooking.

24. Pre-Historic Lifestyle

29. Animism

31. Animism
• Animism (from Latin anima, "breath, spirit, life")

32. Animism
• is the worldview that non-human entities—such as animals, plants,
and inanimate objects—possess a spiritual essence.
• Animism is used in the anthropology of religion as a term for the
belief system of some indigenous tribal peoples,[6] especially prior to
the development of organized religion

33. A tableau presenting figures
of various cultures filling in
mediator-like roles
often being termed as
"shaman" in the literature.

34. Animism
• Animism entails the belief that "all living things have a soul", and
thus a central concern of animist thought surrounds how animals can
be eaten or otherwise used for humans' subsistence needs.
• Animism can also entail relationships being established with non-
corporeal spirit entities

35. Pantheism
Animism is different from Pantheism