This informative presentation consists the notes about the solar cell, its working principle, its type and applications. Also there are information about the MPPT, its working and its components. Also the general terms are mentioned in here as well with productive images and graphs. This is a short informative project idle for students aiming engineering.

1. Solar Cell
Arijit Dhali
Ipsita Raha
Department : ECE A
Year : 2nd Year
Session : 2021-22
Electronic Devices
EC-301

2. How a Solar Cell
Operates
Mentioning Characteristics
graph of Solar Cell
Operation
Contents
Introduction
Giest about the
Solar Cell
Diverse Types
There are two types
of Cell
Knowing
Complicated terms
Defining MPPT and
its image gallery
Characteristics
Terminology About MPPT
1 2 3
4 5 6

3. What is Solar Cell ?
• It is a device that directly converts the energy
of light into electrical energy through the
photovoltaic effect
• Solar cells are in fact large area semiconductor
diodes.

4. Types of Solar Cell
Crystalline Solar Cell Thin Film Solar Cell
• Mono Crystalline Solar Cell
• Poly Crystalline Solar Cell
• Ribbon Silicon
• Mono-like-multi Silicon (MLM)
• Amorphous Silicon Cell
• Cadmium-Telluride Cell
• Copper-Indium-Gallium-Diselenide Cells
• Organic PV Cell

5. Solar Cell Operation
Photo voltaic is the direct conversion of light into electricity at
the atomic level. Some materials exhibit a property known as
the photoelectric effect that causes them to absorb photons
of light and release electrons. When these free electrons are
captured, an electric current results that can be used as
electricity.
When light energy strikes the solar cell, electrons are knocked
loose from the atoms in the semiconductor material. If
electrical conductors are attached to the positive and negative
sides, forming an electrical circuit, the electrons can be
captured in the form of an electric current -- that is,
electricity. This electricity can then be used to power a load,
such as a light or a tool.

6. Explanation Diagram

7. • AGM (Absorbed Glass Mat)
• Alternator
• Amorphous Semiconductor
• Amp Hour
• Back Up Energy
• Cell (Battery)
• Cell (Solar)
• Circuit
• Full Sun
• Inverter (AC)
• Kilowatt-Hour (KWH)
• Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)
• Peak Watt
• Photovoltaic Cell
Important Terminology

8. MPPT – Maximum Power Point Tracking
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a technique that grid connected inverters,
solar battery chargers and similar devices use to get the maximum possible power
from one or more photovoltaic modules.
Solar inverters convert the DC power to AC power and may incorporate MPPT: such
inverters sample the output power (I-V curve) from the solar modules and apply the
proper resistance (load) so as to obtain maximum power.
MPP(Maximum power point) is the product of the MPP voltage (Vmpp) and MPP current
(Impp).
Classification:
• Perturb and Observe
• Incremental Conductance
• Current Sweep
• Constant Voltage Classification

9. • Panel tracking - this is where the panels are on a mount
that follows the sun.
• These optimize output by following the sun across the sky
for maximum sunlight.
• These typically give us about a 15% increase in winter and
up to a 35% increase in summer.
• This is just the opposite of the seasonal variation for MPPT
controllers.
• Maximum Power Point Tracking - is electronic tracking
(usually digital). The charge controller looks at the output of
the panels, and compares it to the battery voltage.
• It takes this and converts it to best voltage to get maximum
AMPS into the battery.
• Most modern MPPT's are around 93-97% efficient in the
conversion.
More about MPPT
Display Of a MPPT

10. Characteristics of Solar Cell
There have four characteristics of solar cell by depend on different
irradiation and temperature values :
• Solar cell I-V characteristics for different irradiation values.
• Solar cell Power characteristics for different irradiation values.
• Solar cell I-V characteristics for temperature dependency.
• Solar cell Power characteristics for temperature dependency.

11. Solar Cell Characteristics Graph
Solar cell I-V characteristics for different irradiation values Solar cell power characteristics for different irradiation values
Solar cell I-V characteristics temperature dependency Solar cell power characteristics temperature dependency
(i) (ii)
(iii) (iv)

12. MPPT Digital
Devices
TriStar MPPT 600V
SunSaver MPPT

13. Conclusion
Solar power is an immense source of directly useable
energy and ultimately creates other energy resources:
biomass, wind, hydropower and wave energy.
This photovoltaic effect is capable of large-scale
electricity generation. However, the present low
efficiency of solar PV cells demands very large areas
to supply electricity demands.

14. Bibliography
• https://www.twi-global.com/technical-
knowledge/faqs/what-are-solar-
cells#:~:text=Solar%20cells%20can%20be%20divided,mixture
%20of%20the%20other%20two.
• https://www.pvresources.com/en/solarcells/solarcells.php
• https://www.open.edu/openlearn/nature-
environment/environmental-studies/energy-resources-solar-
energy/content-section-6
• https://www.britannica.com/technology/solar-cell
• https://www.slideshare.net/ssuser49ed30/solar-cell-
45898552?qid=b488ff96-c2d0-45d2-9c5b-
2a67c203c6db&v=&b=&from_search=3

15. THANK YOU!
For investing your precious time to
view our presentation !!