The document summarizes the Mauryan and Gupta dynasties that united India from around 400-300 BCE to 300 CE. It discusses how the Mauryan Empire, founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 321 BCE, expanded centralized government control and was further strengthened by the rule of Ashoka in 268-232 BCE. Ashoka converted to Buddhism after a brutal battle and promoted Buddhist principles of non-violence. The empire declined after Ashoka's death but brought unity and order to India through infrastructure projects, standardization, and spreading of Buddhism. Regional kingdoms then emerged until the Gupta dynasty again united northern India from 320-550 CE.

1. India Unites: The Mauryan and Gupta Dynasties

2. Aryan Age ends with Invasion of Darius and Alexander

4. c. 330 Alexander the Great conquered Persia Greek empire failed when Alexander died Now a native Indian Empire would begin.

5. The Mauryan Empire 321-180 BCE

7. Ashoka Maurya

13. The Sanchi Stupa (Buddhist temple) by Ashoka

15. The Mauryan Empire at its Height

18. The Arts transition from wood to stone in their architecture and art Indian Stupa Ashoka's Pillars

19. After the Mauryans: Regional Rule and the Rise of Jainism and Buddhism