1.
ASSIGNMENT
Soft Skill & Interpersonal Communication
(OEC-CS801E)
CA 1
Q. Describe the various GOAL MODERATORS in
your presentation.
Name: Avinash Kr. Ranjan
Class Roll: CSE/19-20/013
University Roll: 16500119021

2.
Introduction
People perform better when they are committed to achieving certain goals.
Through an understanding of the effect of goal setting on individual
performance, organizations are able to use goal setting to benefit organizational
performance.
Locke and Latham (2002) have indicated three moderators that indicate goal
setting success:
1. The importance of the expected outcomes of goal attainment,
2. Self-efficacy: one's belief that they are able to achieve their goals.
3. Commitment to others: promises or engagements to others can strongly
improve commitment

3.
Importance of the expected outcomes of goal
attainment.
1. There are many ways to convince people that goal attainment is important.
Making a public commitment to the goal enhances commitment, presumably
because it makes one’s actions a matter of integrity in one’s own eyes and in
those of others.
2. Goal commitment can also be enhanced by leaders communicating an
inspiring vision and behaving supportively.
3. Monetary incentives are one practical outcome that can be used to enhance
goal commitment. However, there are important contingency factors. The first
is the amount of the incentive; more money gains more commitment. Second,
goals and incentive type interact.
4. An alternative to assigning goals is to allow subordinates to participate in
setting them. The theory is that this would make goals more important to
the person because one would, at least in part, own the goals.

4.
Self-efficacy: one's belief that they are able to
achieve their goals
As noted, self-efficacy enhances goal commitment. Leaders can raise the self-
efficacy of their subordinates by
(a) Ensuring adequate training to increase mastery that provides success
experiences.
(b) Role modeling or finding models with whom the person can identify, and
(c) Through persuasive communication that expresses confidence that the
person can attain the goal.
The latter may involve giving subordinates information about strategies that
facilitate goal attainment. Transformational leaders raise the efficacy of
employees through inspiring messages to and cognitive stimulation of
subordinates.

5.
Commitment to others: promises or engagements to
others can strongly improve commitment
Some experts define commitment as both a willingness to persist in a course
of action and reluctance to change plans, often owing to a sense of obligation
to stay the course.
People are simultaneously committed to multiple entities, such as economic,
educational, familial, political and religious institutions. They also commit
themselves to specific individuals, including their spouses, children, parents
and siblings, as well as to their employers, co-workers, supervisors and
customers.