2. Oral presentation is an
extemporaneous speech;
delivered with the help of notes
and visual aids to guide the
speaker’s performance and are
frequently participative.

3. This is a group discussion.
1. Do you usually feel nervous about your oral p
resentation?
2. If so, share with your group mates which aspects
of oral presentation make you nervous.
3. Share with your friends what strategies you can
use to remove your fears.
4.What do you consider as strengths in your OPs?
5.What are your areas of concern?
6. What kind of strategies can you use to help
overcome them?

4.  Determine the Purpose
 Analyze the Audience
 Gather the Material
 Select the Main Ideas for the Message
 Organize the Data andWrite the Draft
 Strong Opening and Closing
 CreateVisual Aids
 Rehearse theTalk

5.  To Inform
 To Educate
 To Convince
 To Persuade
 To Lead to Action

6.  Size
 Composition
 Likely Reaction
 Level of Understanding
 Attitude towards you

7. 1. How much do my audience know about the subject?
2. How much do they know about me?
3. What do they expect from me?
4. How interested will they be in what I say?
5. What is their attitude towards me?
6. What is their attitude towards my subject?
7. What is their age group?
8. What is their educational background?
9. What positions do their occupy ?
10. What is their cultural/ethnic background?
11. What kinds of cultural biases will they likely have
towards me and my topic?

8.  Once you are clear about your specific object-
ives and the needs of your audience, start to
research the topic.
 Collect data, facts, information which
audience would want to know.
 Thorough research about the topic
will give you confidence and help to answer
any question that may arise.

9.  Make sure you have only 3 to
5 main points.
 The audience will not be able to grasp more.
 Make sure they are arranged in a logical
order.
 While selecting the main ideas the strongest
point should be presented first.
 Each main point should be fully supported
by evidence that helps in persuading the
audience.

10.  It is important to have a clear visual
representation of the basic structure of the
presentation.
 You can check the logic and sequencing of
ideas as well as the completeness of points.
 Do not memorize the whole presentation as
you will not able to maintain eye contact with
the audience.

11. A good presentation consists of three parts:
 An Introduction
 A Body orText
 A Conclusion or Summary

12.  First impressions are important.
 In the introduction, you need to capture the
attention of the audience and make them want to
listen to what you have to say.
 Introductions should take up approximately 10%
of the total presentation time and should arouse
the audience’s interest in your topic , establish
your credibility, and prepare the audience for
what will follow.

13.  Introductions should have strong openings so as to
grab the attention of the audience.
 Next the introduction should clearly tell the
audience what the presentation will cover so that
the audience is prepared for what is to come.
 Next give learning objectives
 By the end of this lecture you will be able to:
▪ Understand……
▪ Recognize…….
▪ Identify………..

14.  Openings can have:
 Startling question
 Challenging statement
 Appropriate short quotation or illustration
 Surprising information
 Exhibit – object, article, picture
 Personal story
 Startling Statistics

15.  Long or slow-moving quotation
 Self introduction
 Apologetic statement
 Story, joke or anecdote which does not
connect to the theme
 Stale remark

16. Who wants to double their commission this year?Well
, I can’t promise anything, but if you listen to what
I’ve got to say about the customer service campaig
n, I may be able to help you. Now different compani
es in the group have different standards. I want to s
tart by looking at some of those differences so you
can
see what sort of a problem we’re up against.Then,
I’m going to show you how we’re tackling the
problem through the customer service campaign.
And, I’ll tell you where you come in; what the c

17. You have told us you want to cut the time taken
washing your vehicles, to make it easier for
your staff to operate the washing system and
to reduce costs.We believe we have the a
nswer to those questions. Let me deal with e
ach of these areas in turn.

18. Truck rental appears to make a profit for this company but in
fact this is an illusion.The reality is that we lost over $100,00
0 worth of business last year simply by not being responsive
enough to our customers’ needs. I want to suggest a number
of ways we can win back some of that lost business. First, I’d
like to look at current levels of customer satisfaction.
Second, I’d like to suggest a couple of ways we can
get to know our customers better. And finally, I’d like us to
think about how we could use that information to provide
extra services more tailored to their particular needs.

19.  The body should develop each point previewed in
your introduction, in the same sequence.
 Thus, in designing the body of the presentation, you
develop what you want to say about each of these
main points or ideas as clearly and precisely as you
can.
 An important point, however, is to demarcate
(separate), each point in the presentation as you come
to it. In this way, your audience knows when you have
completed one point and begun another.

20. While delivering the body of the presentation
you have two main goals:
 Make sure the structure of your presentation
is clear.
 Keep up your audience attention.

21.  The conclusion should reiterate the ideas
presented and reinforce the purpose of the
presentation.
 You should restate the main issues you want
your audience to remember, but do so in a
concise way.
 Do not make the conclusion long; it is just
enough to leave the audience with a positive
feeling about you and your ideas.

22.  Your conclusion should take up 10% of the tot
al presentation time.
 Signal that the presentation is ending. The au
dience should never be surprised by an abrupt
statement like, "...That's the end of my prese
ntation." Say something like, "...To conclude
 ..." or "Now to round off my presentation ..."

23. In the conclusion:
 Highlight the core message again.
 Summarize the main points.
 Make a prediction.
 Refer to points made in the introduction
 Call for action if your presentation requir
es the audience to do something.

24. I hope the presentation has provided you with a
clear picture of the customer service campaign.
I’ve described the key differences between the
different companies in the group and showed yo
u how the campaign is addressing them.Then I
spelt out what it means for you in contract hire,
so now it’s up to you.Think about and act on
these suggestions and we can double our sales
this year.

25. Clearly, the proposals I’ve just presented answer
the problems you are currently facing. I’ve
shown how by reducing the time taken to wash
your vehicles and by streamlining your system,
you can effectively reduce costs by 20% to 25%. I
suggest you review the details I've given you
and consider the benefits our proposal offers.
The sooner we can implement these proposals,
the sooner your company can start enjoying the
benefits of these savings.

26.  OIBCC – Basic Formula
 Opening – grab attention
 Introduction – “Why bring this topic up?”
 Body – bulk of the presentation
▪ Remember that for every important point that you make, you must
provide support and this support can take the form of
▪ Statistics, analogies, testimony, illustrations, or specific examples.
 Conclusion – summarize briefly points
 Close – last strong sentences that leave the audience with
something to remember
▪ Must tie to your main idea and should tie to your opening to be
effective

27.  VisualAids are used to clarify ideas and they
increase the audience’s ability to absorb and
remember information.
 Keep the visual aids simple as people find it
difficult to read and listen at the same time.
 Two types of visual aids are used:
 TextVisuals
 GraphicVisuals

28.  TextVisuals:
 consists of words
 Should not be more than six to seven lines
 Should be large and clear so they could be
seen from any place in the room
 Use dark background
 Use clear fonts like ‘Arial-good’
 Use four to five bullets per slide

29.  GraphicVisuals include:
 Pie charts
 Bar charts
 Diagrams
 Maps
 Tables

30.  Type size should be 18 points or larger:
 18 point
 20 point
 24 point
 28 point
 36 point

31.  AVOID USING ALL CAPITAL LETTERS
BECAUSE IT’S REALLY HARD TO
READ!

32. Dark letters against a light background
work.

33. What Color to use?
Light letters against a dark background also work.

34.  Many experts feel that a dark blue or
black background works best for talks
in a large room.

35. What Colur to use?
Many experts feel that a dark blue or black background works
best for talks in a large room.

36.  Avoid red-green combinations because a
significant fraction of the human
population is red-green colorblind.
Lots of people can’t read this –
and even if they could, it makes your eyes hurt.

37.  Keep the layout and style as consistent
as possible
 Every slide should have a heading.

38.  The reason for limiting text blocks to
two lines is that when the text block
goes on and on forever, people in the
audience are going to have to make a
huge effort to read the text, which will
preclude them from paying attention to
what you are saying. Every time you
lose their focus, your presentation
suffers!

39.  It is often effective to “unveil” your
list one by one:
 You can do this using the “Slide show” -
“animations” - option

40.  If you try to cram
too much into a
slide, and place
things too close to
the sides, they can
get cut off if
you’re using a poor
projector. In any
case, the slide
looks all cluttered
and junky.

41.  Do practice your speech at home.
 Do memorize your first and last few
sentences as it will help you in gaining
confidence.
 A presentation requires different language
and phrasing than a written document.
 A presentation is a dialogue. It should sound
natural and be somewhat conversational.

42.  Prepare a rough draft and practice your
presentation from this outline but do not
memorize it and do not read from it during
your presentation.
 Make sure you are within the time limit.

43.  The invention that will change your life