Yashada is metal described in rasashastra which is classifed in dhatuvarga & again sub classified in puti loha.

1. Yashada (Zinc)

2. Introduction
 (AP) Placed it in the category of Dhatu - fifth
in sequence.
 Attributes the graha - Bhauma (Mangal) to
Yasada through Ara (Pittala) (AP)
 Categorizes Pittala to be the Upadhatu of
Yasada. (AP)
 Kharpara satwa
 Abhava dravya of Rasaka

4. Vernacular names
• Sanskrita - Yasada
• Hindi -Jasta
• Kannada -Yasada
• Tamil -Tuttu-nagam
• Malayalam -Tuttu-nagam
• Telugu -Sattu
• Marathi -Jasta
• English -Zinc
• Latin - Zincum

5. Synonyms
• Yashada
• Jasada
• Ritihetu
• Kharparaja
• Rasasankasa
• Rangasadrsa
• Bangasadrsa
• Sweta Patra
• Kamsasthi
• Girija

6. UTPATTI
 In a very destructive war between the
Deva and Asura, from the body of three
Daityas, two types of Kharpara were given
rise to
 Jasada and Savaka.
 From among these, Jasada is to be used
for Rasayana Karma.

7. Nirukti
 Yasada
"Yena Vayuna Siyate Iti " (SKD) –
That which controls the Vayu.
 (AP)
-Which gives Success (yasa)

8. Historical consideration
 First enumerated in dhatus by – Rasamadhava (AP)
 Also Adhamalla (Commentator of Sarangdhara
samhita) has included this in metals.
 Dr. D A Kulkarni through his Bharatiya Rasa
Sastra attributes the origination of the metal to
China .

9. Ores
 Zincite -ZnO (Zinc oxide)
 Calamine -ZnCO3(Kharpara- zinc carbonate
 Sphalerite -ZnS (Zinc sulphate)
 Franklinite -ZnFe2O4
 Smithsonite -ZnCO3
 Hemi morphite -Zn4Si2O7(OH)3.H2O
 Willenite -ZnSiO4

10. Availability
Mines of Zinc ores are found in-
 USA, Canada, Mexico, Peru, Italy, Poland,
Russia, Korea, Belgium, Cono & Australia
 Bihar, Rajasthan, Tamilnadu, Punjab, Kashmir,
Madhyapradesh, Uttarpradesh

11. Grahya Laksana(RT)
छेदे समुज्जज्जवलं स्निग्धं मृदुलं निममलं था
द्रुथद्र वं मह भ रं यशदं ग्र हयमुच्यथे ॥ RT
On Cutting should be
 Samujjwala : Uniformly glistening
 Snigdha : continuous to touch
 Mrdula : Seemingly soft
 Nirmala : Clean, without visible impurities

12.  Drtadrava : Melting on applying ordinary
heat.
 Mahabhara : "Murti-laghutwa api mahabhara"
(AP)
i.e. appearing light but then too heavy
 Sweta Varna : Clean, without visible impurities.
(RD)
 Dantura : Toothed (RD)

13. Agrahya Laksana (RT)
कठििं कठििद्र वं रुक्षं रुक्षप्रभं लघु
मललिं यशदं यत्तु थदग्र ह्यं प्रकीनथमथम् ॥ RT
 Kathina : Hard
 Kathinadrava : Not easy to melt
 Ruksa : Dry/roughened surface,
 Ruksaprabha : Dull luster

14.  Laghu : Light
 Malina : With visible impurities
 Citra : With visible impurities / dirty
appearance.
 Neelaprabha : Not blue but bluish

15. Ashuddha Yasada seva janya vyadhi
 If not purified properly such yashada on ingestion
causes-
Gulma
Prameha (Urinary flux)
Ksaya (Pthisis)
Kusta (Skin Diseases)
Ajirna (Indigestion)
Vatavyadhi (Neurological disorders)
Vanti (Vomiting)
Bhrama (giddiness)

16. Samanya Shodhana
 Samanya shodhana- RRS
थैले थक्रे गव ं मुत्रे ह्य रि ले कु लत्ाजे
क्रम ि ् निषेचयेथ ् थप्थं द्र वे द्र वे थु सप्थध ॥
सुवर् मठद लोहपत्र र् ं शुद्धधरेष ं प्रशनयथे
Purified by heating & dipping in taila, takra,
gomutra, Aranala & Kulattha kwatha for 7
times each.

17. Vishesha Shodhana
यशदं द्र ववथं यत्ि थ् सप्थव रं ववध िथ:
लसन्दुव रलशफ द्र वे निपयेद्लभषज ं वर:॥ RT19/100
Melt Yashada
in iron spoon
Pour this
melted
yashada in
Nirgundi mula
svarasa
Repeat this
procedure for
7 times

18. Vishesa Shodhana
Ref. Media Activity
1. Brhat Rasa
Raja
Sundara
Milk Quenching / Dhalana
21 times
2. Rasa Tarangini Curnodaka OR
Nirgundi Swarasa OR
Sudha Dugdha
Quenching / Dhalana
7 times
3. Rasayana
Sara
Visesa in Godugdha Quenching / Dhalana
21 times
4. Rasendra
Purana
Milk
Arka Dugdha
Quenching / Dhalana
21 times
3 times
5. Rasendra
Vijnanam
Nimbu Swarasa Quenching / Dhalana
7 times
6. Rasa Darpana Godugdha/
Katutumbi Swarasa /
Haridra Yukta
Nirgundi Swarasa
Quenching / Dhalana
21 times

19. Marana
 RT19/104-107
शुद्धं यशदम द य कट हे थीव्रवस्ह्िि
प्रद्र व्य लभषज ं वयम: समप रदगभमके ॥
खल्वे ववनिक्षक्षपेद्यत्ि त्तथ: सम्पेषयेद् द्रुथम्
वपस््टं ववध य यत्िेि क्ष लयेस्न्िम्बुव ररर्
यशद प्रलमथं गन्धं दत्व सञ्चूर्णयमयेत्तथ:॥

20. Marana
Mercury is added in molten Yasada in equal
quantity & immediately ground to paste
Later this paste is ground with lemon juice & washed
thoroughly
Equal Gandhaka is added & ground to make powder
Kept in Sharava samputa & incinerated in Gajaputa
After self cooling Bhasma is collected

21.  Marana of Puti lohas is carried out in 3 stapes-
Jarana by
stirring
melted
metal with
some herb
root or
iron spoon
Formation of
paste/amalga
mation with
Hg or
Hartala etc.
Subjecting to
puta or given
high temp. to
centre of pan

22. Jārana Dravya Reference
1 Apāmārga R.T.
2 Nimbapatra B.R.R.S., B.B.R., R.S.S.
3 Haridrā and
Yawāni chūrna
A.P.
4 Atasi chūrna A.P.
5 Bhangā and
Ahiphena chūrna
R.C.
6 Jyotishmati chūrna R.C.
7 Cinca twak chūrna A.P.
8 Sarkarā R.N.

23. Mārana dravya Reference
1 Pārada R.T., A.P.R.J.N.III,
B.B.R.
2 Gandhaka R.T., B.B.R. AP,
R.J.N.
3 Haratāla R.T.

24. Pharmacological Properties
 Rasa :- Kashāya,Tikta
 Vipāka :- Katu
 Veerya :- Shita
 Guna :- Laghu, Ruksha

25.  Karma :- Cakşuşya, Sleshmakala
samkochaka
 Doshaghnata :- Kapha Pithaghna
 Rogaghnata :- Prameha, Pāndu, Shvāsa,
kāsa, Netravikāra

26. Therapeutic Properties
 It is mainly used in Prameha group of
disorders especially in Madhumeha.
 also indicated in Pāndu, Shwāsa, Kāsa,
Vātavikāra, Netra roga, Nishāsveda,
Śleşmakālā Sankocaka,
Vranastrāvarodhana, Kampavāta.
 It is effective in variety of disease along
with different anupānas.

27. Sr.
no.
Anupāna Disease
1 Purānghruta Netraroga
2 Tāmbul patra Prameha
3 Agnimantha Agnimandya
4 Trisugandha Sannipāta
5 Tandul hima, Kharjura Jvara
6 Yavanikā, Lavanga Seetajvara
7 Kharjura, Tandula, Hima Rakta atisāra
8 Sharkarā, Ajāji Atisāra, Vamana

28. Dose of Yashada bhasma
 Dose-
½ to 1 Gunjā (RT)
(60 to 125mg)

29. Antidote to ill processed bhasma
 To relieve side effects of Yasada
(Yasada vikar) - Rasaraja sundar
Bala
Harit
aki
Sugar
Taken
for 3
days

30. Aamayika prayoga (RT)
s.n. Anupana Rogoghnata
1 ½ Ratti with ghee as nasya daily for 1
month
Sinus weakness due to
constant rhinitis
2 With pravala bhasma Night sweating
3 With abhraka bhasma & honey Status asthamaticus
4 With swarna vanga depression
5 With Rasasindura Mental depression
6 With swarna bhasma Vyosapasmara

31. Modern review
 Symbol – Zn
 Atomic Number – 30
 Atomic Weight – 65.38
 Electronic Configuration – 2, 8, 18, 2
 Group : II B
 Valency : 2

32.  Melting Point – 419.4ºC
 Boiling Point – 920ºC
 Density : 7.14
 Malleable at : 100º C to 150º C
 Crystal structure : hexagonal
 Specific Gravity – 7.14

33. Dietry sources of Zinc
 Animal sources:
-liver, milk and dairy products, eggs.
 Vegetable sources:
-Good vegetable sources are unlimited cereals,
legumes, pulses, oil seeds, yeast cells and
vegetables (spinach).

34. Distribution
 An adult man weighing 70Kg contains -
approximately 1.4 to 2.3 grams of Zinc in the body.
 It is distributed in different parts of the body as
follows:
 High (70 to 86mg/100g) :in skin and prostate.
 Average (15 to 25mg/100g) :in bones and teeth.
 Low (2.3 to 5.5mg/100g) :in brain and lungs.

35. Absorption
 small percentage of dietary Zinc is absorbed
-occurs mainly from duodenum and ileum.
 Zinc- binding factor:
low molecular weight Zinc-binding factor is
secreted by the pancreas,
which forms complex with Zinc and helps in its
absorption.

36. Excretion
 In a normal healthy adult human,
approximately 9.0mg of Zinc excreted through
faeces
0.5mg excreted through urine
and 0.5mg is retained in the body.
 Sweat: Trace amount is excreted through sweat.

37. Blood level
 650 to 680μg of Zinc per 100ml.
mainly present in red blood cells
 Plasma
120 to 140 μg/100ml of plasma, mostly in
combination with serum albumin.

38. Requirement
 0.3mg Zinc/Kg body weight.
 Adult men & women -15 to 20mg.
 pregnant & lactating women -25mg and
 infants and children -3 to 15mg.

39. Toxicity
 The toxicity of Zn is low in humans.
 0.02 grams or more of Zinc sulphate taken orally
require to produce the characteristic symptoms
 like acute gastrointestinal irritation, vomiting,
dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, abdominal
pain, nausea.
 Inhalation of Zn fumes can produce metal fume
fever.
 In general however Zinc is much less toxic than
other trace elements.