Prepared by: Anne Mariz Valino Compilation of Articles: Bonita Montina Jusay Central Luzon State University College Of Veterinary Science and Medicine Subject: History 100

1. Prepared by : Group II
History 100

2.  The political development of the
archipelago was such that there was no
national or central government yet.
-In other words, there was no datu strong
enough to consolidate considerable
power and to unite the archipelago into
one nation.

3.  Barangay is used to be their form of
government.
-The name barangay is originated from
Balangay, a Malay word for sailboat. It
may composed of about 30-100 families,
every barangay is autonomous, and is
ruled by either Datu, Rajah or Lakan.

4. Circulation of prestige goods
Contracted marriage
Sponsorship of feasts to negotiate
Social Status Relations

5. The social classes that comprises a
Barangay:
 the ruling class ( Lakan / Tumao) - which
had started to accumulate land that it
owned privately or administered in the
name of the clan or community.
-the chieftain of the whole barangay and is
the wealthiest person in the community.

6.  The Maharlika / Timawa- Intermediate
class of men who had enough land,
those who rendered services to the
rulers and do not work on fields.
-They are the commoners. They can own
their own land and don’t have to pay
regular tribute.

7.  The Alipin / Oripun - those who are unable
to pay their debts, punished criminals and
illegitimate children.
-slavery is a system where humans are treated
as property; by forcing them to do work for
their masters no matter if this will cost their life.

8.  Two types of Slaves:
 Namamahay- those who had their own
quarters
 Sagigilid- those who lived in their
master’s house.
-the real slaves, they were homeless, those
who are living with the master, had no
property, and could not marry without
master’s consent, they could be use as
payment for debt.

9. TAGALOG CLASS VISAYAS
Lakan or Rajah
(Maginoo)
NOBLE CLASS Tumao or Datu
Maharlika MIDDLE CLASS Timawa
Alipin
( Namamahay or
Sagigilid)
LOWER CLASS Oripun

10.  The Class of the person may change, it is not
permanent. If a freeman commits a crime then
he/she will become a slave for a certain period of
time and can reclaim his/her status. They can marry
people from different classes, “intermarriage” though
is very rare in Freemen-slave marriage, but possible.

11. The Ruling Class
(Top) Datu from different
Barangay
(far right) Royal Class
Tagalog
(below Left) Royal Class
Visayan Clan

12. The Maharlikas
Land owners,
Warriors, Freemen
And Commoners

13. The Alipin in the Philippines before the
colonization, are working because of their
“Utang na loob’. Because they cannot give
collaterals, this is the reason why alipin
can be sold to another master. In the
Visayas, an alipin was called oripun.
One acquired the status of a slave by
inheritance, failure to pay debts and
tribute, commission of crimes and captivity
in wars between barangays.

14. The Alipin or
Slaves

15. Sulu and most parts of Mindanao are the
places where most Islam tribes were
located and Datus are mostly from there.
There are barangays in some coastal
places in Panay, Manila, Cebu, Jolo, and
Butuan, with cultures and trade relations
with other Countries in Asia, were already
established Principalities before the
coming of the Spaniards.

16. Luzon Kingdoms:
 The Kingdom of
Tondo ( Largest in
Luzon)
 Huangdom of
Pangasinan
 Huangdom of Mai
 Ifugao Civilization

17. Visayan and
Mindanao
Kingdoms:
• Kedatuan of Madja-
as
• Rajahnate of Cebu
• Rajahnate of
Butuan
• Sultanate of Sulu
• Sultanate of Lanao
• Sultanate of

18.  The Igorots/Cordillerans- live in the
highlands of Luzon. They are primarily
located in the Cordillera Administrative
Region.
 The Negrito are several ethnic groups of
the Australoid racewho inhabit isolated
parts of Southeast Asia.

19.  The Mangyan communities are found
in Mindoro.
 The Lumad of Mindanao includes several
tribes such as the Manobo, the Tasaday,
the Mamanwa, the Mandaya, the B'laan
and the Kalagan. They primarily inhabit the
eastern parts of Mindanao such as
the Caraga, and Davao Regions.

21.  In comparison with other women in Asia and Europe
the Filipina's unique position is said to be one of the
most historically tenable positions, backed up by
chronicles of the 16th century. ( the Asian, 1971)
 The acceptability of babies did not depend on sex.
Parents brought up boys and girls with equal Care.
 Tribal custom allowed young women the same
freedom as males to choose their mates. The man's
Family paid a bride dowry, but this was usually
compensated for by a return of gifts from the girl's
family.

22. (Left)The women along with their
Datu Husband.
(below) the Dowry given by the
Suitor to the Maiden asking for her
hand in marriage. By Botong
Francisco

23.  She was practically, the Head of the
House. She could make contracts and
business arrangements without necessarily
consulting her husband. Her dowry and
property owned before marriage was hers.
 History notes that the ancient Malay male
rulers, like Panay Chief Marikodo,
consulted their wives before making
important decisions on matters of State.

24.  Women could also succeed their
husband or fathers in the leadership
of the tribe, in the absence of male
heir (Valladolid, 1975). Outstanding
women leaders in Pre-spanish
Philippines were Queen Sima and
Princess Urduja( Aldaba-Lim, 1974).

25. Princess Urduja
(Above)
Queen Sima of
Cotabato (right)
Pintado lady by Manuel
Panares

26.  Other positions of Leadership were in Religious
functions. Women were preferred as mediums in
animistic religion and they were offered designated
as official priestesses. They presided over religious
ceremonies, communicated with the spirits and
cured the sick.

28.  When the Spanish Colonized the
country, the women lost their rights in
the society. The total opposite of what
the ethnic women experienced,
Reyna Juana of Cebu; the first
Native woman baptized.
A filipina in the
spanish era

29.  The Male dominated society
suppressed the women on their
everyday living, they enjoyed no
great rights in family or property law
than minors and lunatics.

30. End of Slides!