Residential Building Litrature

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING LITRATURE 1
INTRODACTION
Residential Building

Contents
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3
Type Of Residential Building ......................................................................................................................4
Residential buildings are divided into following types:............................................................. 4
1. Individual houses or private dwellings ................................................................................. 4
2.Lodging or rooming houses ................................................................................................... 4
3.Dormitories ........................................................................................................................... 4
4.Apartments............................................................................................................................ 4
5.Hotels.................................................................................................................................... 4
Living Zone................................................................................................................................................8
Family Room............................................................................................................................. 9
Dining Room........................................................................................................................... 17
Cinema Room ......................................................................................................................... 22
Sleeping Room in Residential Building......................................................................................................24
Master Bed room .................................................................................................................... 24
Guest Bed Room ..................................................................................................................... 27
Children Bed Room ................................................................................................................. 28
Bath Room.............................................................................................................................. 29
Bathroom Building Recommendations .................................................................................... 29
Serving Room in Residential Building .......................................................................................................37
Kitchen ................................................................................................................................... 37
Storage Room......................................................................................................................... 41
Closets.............................................................................................................................................41
Laundary Room ...................................................................................................................... 42
Garage.................................................................................................................................... 42

INTRODACTION
The terms residential building and apartment building are used interchangeably in this book.
A residential building is a building containing separate residences where a person may live or
regularly stay. Each residence contains independent cooking and bathroom♦
facilities and may
also be known as an apartment or a condominium.
A residence is “a temporary or permanent dwelling place, abode, or habitation to which one intends
to return as distinguished from a place of temporary sojourn or transient visit.”1
An apartment is “an individual dwelling unit, usually on a single level and often contained in a multi-
unit building or development.”2
A condominium is “a multiple-unit structure in which the units and pro rata shares of the common
areas are owned individually; a unit in a condominium property. Also, the absolute ownership of an
apartment or unit, generally in a multi-unit building, which is defined by a legal description of the air
space the unit actually occupies plus an undivided interest in the common elements that are owned
jointly with the other condominium unit owners.”3
An apartment building is a “building containing more than one dwelling unit.”4
“Apartment buildings
are those structures containing three or more living units with independent cooking and bathroom
facilities, whether designated as apartment houses, … condominiums, or garden apartments.
Apartments differ from multi-unit residential occupancies that are not considered homes, such as
hotels and boarding homes, by the provision of individual cooking facilities, the number of sleeping
rooms, and the less transient nature of the occupants.”5
A residential and apartment building may consist of individual owner-occupied apartments,
apartments leased or rented by the owner (either the building landlord♦
or the individual
apartment owner), and public housing♦
facilities. Residential buildings may also be occupied by
students (as is the case with school and college or university dormitories♦♦
). This chapter does not
specifically address public housing facilities and student dormitories; however, much of the
information presented herewith could be applied to those types of facilities.
Residential and apartment buildings also will usually “include parking facilities which may be open,
enclosed, above- or below-ground, and often directly beneath or adjacent to the [residential and
apartment building] itself. These arrangements may require special types of fire protection, and the
building codes may require fire separations.”6
To systematically examine the security and fire life safety of residential and apartment buildings,
this chapter addresses the following areas: occupancy characteristics; assets, threats, vulnerabilities,
and countermeasures; security programs; and emergency management.

There are several types of residential buildings to choose from, and Redfin allows you to narrow
your search based on what you’re interested in. Below is a handy guide to the characteristics,
benefits and drawbacks of each type of residential building.
Single-Family Home
Single family homes (often abbreviated as SFH) are homes built on a single lot, with no shared walls.
Sometimes there’s a garage, attached or
Individual houses or private dwellings are generally owned by members of a single family only. If more
than one family residing in that building then it is called as multiple family private dwellinTypes of
Residential Buildings
Residential buildings are divided into following types:
1. Individual houses or private dwellings
2. Lodging or rooming houses
3. Dormitories
4. Apartments
5. Hotels
Type Of Residential Building

1. Individual houses or Private dwellings
Individual houses or private dwellings are generally owned by members of a single family
only. If more than one family residing in that building then it is called as multiple family
private dwelling.
2. Lodging or Rooming Houses
Lodging or rooming houses are multiple or group of buildings which come under one
management. In this case, Accommodation is provided for separately for different individuals
on temporary or permanent basis.

3. Dormitories
Dormitories are another type of residential buildings, in which sleeping accommodation is
provided together for different individuals. School hostels, military barracks come under this
category.
4. Apartments
Apartments or flats are big buildings which consists separate dwellings for different families.
Apartment will resides minimum three or more families living independently of each other.

5. Hotels
Hotels are just like lodging houses and also managed by single management but they provide
accommodation primarily on temporary basis. inns, motels etc. come under this category.
Selection of site for any building is a very important and experts job and should be done very
very carefully by an experienced engineer. The requirements of site for buildings with
different occupancies are different. Following are some of the important factors which
should be considered while selecting site for any residence.
1. The site should be in fully developed area or in the area which has potential of development.
2. There should be good transport facilities such as railway, bus service, for going to office, college,
market, etc.
3. Civic services such as water supply, drainage sewers, electric lines, telephone lines, etc. should
be very near to the selected site so as to obtain their services with no extra cost.
4. Soil at site should not be of made up type as far as possible. The buildings constructed over such
soils normally undergo differential settlement and sometimes become the cause of collapse.
Cracks in buildings in such conditions, are quite common
5. The selected site should be large enough; both to ensure the building abundant light and air to
prevent any over dominance by the neighboring buildings.
6. The ground water table at the site should not be very high.
7. Nearness of schools, hospitals, market, etc. are considered good for residential site but these
facilities do not carry any significance in the selection site for other public buildings.
Site Selection for Residential Buildings

8. Good foundation soil should be available at responsible depth. This aspect saves quite a bit in the
cost of the building.
9. The site should command a good view of landscape such a hill, river, lake, etc.
10. Residential house site should be located away from the busy commercial roads.
11. Residential site should not be located near workshops, factories, because such locations are
subjected to continuous noise.
12. Orientation of the site also has some bearing on its selection. Site should be such in our country
that early morning sun and late evening sun is accepted in the building in summer and maximum
sun light is available in most of winter.
The are three living zone in residential building
❑ Living Zone
- Family Room
- Dining Room
- Cinema Room
- Game Room
❑ Sleeping Zone
- Bed Room
- Bath Room
- Dressing Room
❑ Service Zone
- Garage
- Laundry Room
Living Zone
The living Zone is the center for most activities. The living room should be planned near the
entrance south east aspects. During colder day the sun is towards the south and will receive sunshine
which is a welcoming feature. During summer sunshine the northern side & entry of sunrays from
southern or south – east aspects do not arise.
There are rooms in living zone like living room, dining room, cinema room and game room
2.1. Living Zone in Residential Building

- The family room is designed to be a place where family and guests gather for
group recreation like talking, reading, watching TV, and other family activities.
Often, the family room is located adjacent to the kitchen, and at times, flows into
it with no visual breaks. A family room often has doors leading to the back yard
and specific outdoor living areas such as a deck, garden, or terrace.
Living Room Essentials Checklist
An essential checklist to achieve your dream Living Room.
Standing in the doorway of an empty living room in your new apartment or home can be a daunting
feeling. With so many options for furniture, accessories, and decorations to choose from, it is not always
easy to know how to fill your space. Furthermore, depending on specific preferences and aesthetics,
everyone will want something a little different to make their home feel like home. And with different
spatial limitations, some living rooms can accommodate different furniture than others.

Still, there are some living room essentials that we feel can and should be incorporated into nearly any
space. From living room furniture to entertainment options to accessories and decorations, this living
room essentials checklist will help you decide what you do and don’t need in your home. Read on for
more!
FURNITURE
By far the most important category of living room decor is the furniture. Furniture takes up the most
space and therefore is often the first thing someone will notice when they walk into your living room.
While there are many different possible configurations, we believe some living room furniture is simply
essential to any home. This section will include an array of living room furniture ideas and some
information on these staples.
SOFA
You guessed it. Probably the single most important piece of furniture in any living room is the sofa.
Couches tend to be the largest and most expensive pieces you will buy, and we all know how important
it is to have a comfy place to rest our bodies after a long day. Furthermore, everything else in the room
tends to revolve around the sofa - so this is a good place to start shopping for living room furniture in
order to set a benchmark for both budget and style.
The first step in picking a sofa is functionality. You must consider questions like ‘how many people do I
want to be able to fit on this couch?’ If you are a large family, a sectional might be the right way to go. If
you are a bachelor living in a bachelor pad or couple living in a smaller apartment, a smaller, solid piece
is probably more sensible. Furthermore, wear and tear is something to take into account when choosing
a sofa. Do you have pets? Children? Do you host parties often? All of these questions are very important
to consider when choosing an upholstery. Different upholsteries have different maintenance and
cleaning requirements, and some will stain more easily than others. Ask a knowledgeable professional
about the upholstery before buying a sofa.
Once you have found a few options for sofas that meet your functional needs, ask yourself whether the
style suits your home. Remember that most sofas are kept between five and ten years, so try to think
long-term and don’t get too sucked into the latest style trends. Also, consider what type of style trend
you are setting for your living room by purchasing a specific sofa, and think about whether you will be
able to build a stylish and functional living room around this piece.
Finally, the most important piece of advice for shoppers looking for a new sofa is: try it out! If you don’t
melt into the cushions in just the right way, is this really the couch for you? Read more about how to
choose the right sofa for your living room in our related article.

COFFEE TABLE
So, you’ve chosen your sofa. You are off to a great start and now have the centerpiece of your living
room in place! What’s next? Many people love coffee tables because they provide a central surface area
for glasses, magazines, TV remotes, etc. However, some prefer a more ‘open’ feel to their living room
and opt to go with end tables rather than a coffee table. This is truly a matter of personal preference,
but we think coffee tables tend to bring a living room together without overwhelming the space. Check
out our guide on how to choose the right coffee table for you living room.
SHAPE
Coffee tables come in many shapes and sizes, and you will need to consider your sofa and the size of the
room when making this decision. Large, long sofas usually work best with long oval or rectangular tables
while modern sofas or large wrap-around sectionals can incorporate a square or circular table.
Additionally, a round coffee table can ‘soften up’ a room with a lot of harsh, square lines.
HEIGHT
Height is an important factor in choosing a coffee table. If your table is too high or too short, it will
interact awkwardly with your sofa and create functional and stylistic incongruences. To play it safe,
choose a coffee table that is the same height or slightly taller than your sofa seat. For a more laid-back
feel, try a table that is slightly lower.

MATERIAL
Functionality and style preference are the two main factors to account for when choosing a material for
your coffee table. If you have small children, perhaps glass should be avoided. If you don’t usually use
coasters, maybe steer away from the beautifully-finished walnut. Make sure to choose a coffee table
material that not only looks and feels great alongside the other pieces in your living room but also makes
sense functionally.
LESS ESSENTIAL FURNITURE
Some pieces are slightly more optional than a sofa and a coffee table, but still very commonly occurring
in most homes. Whether to include these pieces in your living room will depend mostly on space,
functional needs, budget, and style preference.
CHAIRS/ RECLINERS
Accent chairs and recliners are great ways to provide more seating for your guests in a living room. They
should be added after a sofa, because their style must complement that of your sofa. Some ‘sofa chairs’
come as part of a set with your sofa, so you might consider making your life easier by choosing this
option. Alternatively, adding chairs is a great option so long as you coordinate their style with that of
your sofa. In addition, make sure to plan ahead when considering where you might place the chairs. You
don’t want your living room to feel too cramped, but conversely, adding chairs is a great way to fill extra
negative space. Our article on The Best Accent Chairs for Your Living Room provides a perfect guide to
finding chairs that best fit your unique style and space.

ENTERTAINMENT UNITS
For most homes, the TV is the focal point of
the living room. From TV stands, to
entertainment fireplaces, to full
entertainment centers, the options for how
to house your TV can be overwhelming. We
recommend choosing a media console that
blends well into the room while providing
all the functionality you need. Remember
to choose a unit that fits your TV, and be
sure to consider whether you will be wall-
mounting your television or not. If you
want a more hidden look, try a TV armoire -
which will contain your TV in a cabinet with
doors, concealing it when it is not in use.
For living rooms pressed for space, try a
corner unit.

SIDE TABLES
In addition to a coffee table, side tables can be a nice, seamless way to add surface area to a room.
Especially for larger living rooms with longer sofas, side tables are great because they provide a space to
set down drinks, etc. for people sitting on the ends of the couch away from the coffee table. Consider
coordinating the color scheme and style of your living space with your coffee table, and be sure to
choose a height that comfortably fits your sofa and/or chairs.
PLANTS
We believe plants belong in every living room. Aside from freshening the air by adding oxygen and
absorbing harmful compounds, plants look great and pair well with nearly any furniture. Know where
your plants will be in relation to windows before you buy, and be sure to get plants that are suitable for
the amount of light they will be getting. Always follow maintenance and care guidelines for the species!
The living room is the center of your home, and no two homes are the same. What makes yours special?
Consider hanging some family photos or something similar to add a personal touch and add to the warm
and welcoming atmosphere in your living room.
SIDE TABLES
In addition to a coffee table, side
tables can be a nice, seamless way to add
surface area to a room. Especially for
larger living rooms with longer sofas, side
tables are great because they provide a
space to set down drinks, etc. for people
sitting on the ends of the couch away
from the coffee table. Consider
coordinating the color scheme and style
of your living space with your coffee table,
and be sure to choose a height that
comfortably fits your sofa and/or chairs.

CURTAINS
Curtains (also called drapes) are well-known for being the secret ingredient to a perfectly put-together
room. Living rooms are no exception. We recommend using drapes as a way of adding character to your
living room. Try a bold color or pattern that doesn’t clash with the rest of the decor but does function to
liven up the room a bit.
ACCENT PILLOWS
Pillows are comfy. We all know this. Pillows in the living
room? Super comfy. Adding throw pillows to your couch
and chairs can be very beneficial for individuals with lower
back problems, and can add coziness to any seating
situation. Furthermore, accent pillows can add a vibrant
flair to an otherwise dull couch or chair. You would be
surprised how much character can be added to a living
room simply by adding some well-chosen pillows.

Standard Room Sizes of Living Room, Drawing Room, Dining Room, Study Room
SIZE DIMENSIONS IN MT.+(AREA) DIMENSIONS IN FT.+(AREA)
LARGE 6.71 × 8.53(57.24) 22 × 28(616)
MEDIUM 4.88 × 6.01(29.33) 16 × 20(320)
SMALL 3.66 × 5.49(20 12 x 18(216)
VERY SMALL 3.05 × 3.66(11.16) 10 × 12(120)
Furniture Arrangement In living room

Dining Room

Dinning Room Furniture Arrangement

CINEMA ROOM – It used mostly for entertainment purpose; located around the middle of the house near by
the master bed room. It should have to be very comfortable.
The walls are texture darker and mostly painted with darker grey color
- The standard size of the cinema room 3.6 x 4.8 M2
Teamwork while playing video games brings gamers together. In the end, the difference in cultural
background, social class, or age does not matter.
Age is just a number in playing video games. These days, many young game developers contribute their
expertise in designing video games that are easy and innovative.
With many kinds of video games out there, you may understand some of them below:
The first one is the classic arcade machines. A very collectible piece of the classic “retro games.” The arcade
was produced during the 80s to 90s and suitable for playing Super Mario Bros or Pac-Man.
The next one is the PS4 or X-Box One. Using the PlayStation Network or Steam, players can play online
games.
In some cases, video game enthusiasts are willing to restore and gather arcade machines like pinball
machines or board games like the legendary Ludo. In other words, the form of gaming is constantly evolving.
Providing exclusive space for playing video games is a dream for many gamers, although the equipment may
be different depending on the type of games.
For example, to play with the new generation consoles, you need to equip HD technologies and adequate
technical support such as a steady Wi-Fi connection, while arcade and pinball machines require space.
However, a mobile game only requires the player to have a power outlet in case of a dying battery.
Now, establishing a private room solely for playing video games is a creative and exciting challenge because
there are many unique designs to use.
This list of the most advanced, smart, and innovative video game room ideas will guide you to find a design
that matches your budget planning.
Remember that each idea will have different budgets depends on the size, accessories, and of course, the rig.
Cinema Room
Game Room

How to Set Up Video Game Room
• Consider The Room Size.
• Good Speaker Matters.
• Gaming Chair.
• Soundproofing, Just in Case.
• Wide Monitor or Projector.
• Gaming TV Stand.
• Electricity Installation.
• Console and Accessories.

Sleeping room
- Its include the bed room, Dressing room, and the bathroom. This room take almost the half portion of the
house building. It have the purpose that people to culm and shower
Sleeping room
- It includes the bed room, Dressing room, and the bathroom. This room take almost the half
portion of the house building. It has the purpose that people to nap, culm and shower.
- Bedrooms are the most important as it should be located in such a way that they are well ventilated and at
the same time provide privacy. Master bed room should be bigger in size than other bed room. The
standard size is,
Small: 12′ x 14′ (3600mm x 4200mm)
Medium: 14′ x 20′ (4200mm x 6000mm)
Large: 16′ x 24′ (4800mm x 7200mm)
- It should have its own bathroom, if its medium or luxury house
Master bed room window is a wide and glass that show clear view of the outside and therefore the room
also get a good lighting
Master bed room windows located mostly on the direction of sunset or sunrise
2.2. Sleeping Room in Residential Building
Master Bed room

Here's the list Things in Your Master Bedroom:
• Headboard, footboard and mattress frame.
• Mattress and box springs.
• Mattress pad.
• Sheets and pillowcases.
• Blankets, quilts.
• Comforter, bedspread, duvet.
• Bed skirt.
• Sleeping pillows, specialty pillows.
Necessities
1. Sleeping - this is the main purpose of the bedroom and the bed, because of this activity and the fact that it
is usually the largest piece of furniture in the room, is generally the focal point of the bedroom. There should be
adequate side tables or night stands to go on each side of the bed. The night stands are crucial for lamps,
alarm clock, telephones, and to hold beverages and books. If two people sleep in the bed, you should get the
largest bed that you can for the size of your room - without sacrificing too much floor space for Dressing
activities, etc. We will list crucial dimensions later.
2. Dressing - A bedroom must have a space that is open enough to allow the process of dressing and
undressing. This includes storage space! If your closet is tiny, as most homes built before the mid 80's are, are
there any rooms next to the Master bedroom that can be used as a closet for the Master Suite? Again, there
are dimensions that are the basic minimums required in a closet for adults that will be listed later.

3. Privacy - All bedrooms require privacy and there should be a lock on the door and even if you don't like
window treatments, there should be blinds or shades to pull down in the evening.
4. A Retreat - I consider this one of the necessities, because with toady's hectic lifestyle, if we didn't have a
place where we could go and have total quiet - I think most of us would lose our minds! Because everyone's
idea of a retreat is different, I'm not even going to attempt to list them, however, in my Bedroom, it is a
necessary for there to be a stereo. My idea of a true relaxing retreat is to put on a CD of a thunderstorm or
waves crashing on the beach. Whatever you need to made your bedroom a true retreat for you should be
considered a necessity.

Guest room - should be well lighted and ventilated. It should be located on one side of the building,
generally by the side of the drawing room.
Guest should be disconnected from inside of the house and should have separated bathroom and water
closet.
Standard size of guest rooms may be: 3m (10ft) X 3.6m (12ft)
Think about what the following guest bed ideas could do for your guest bedroom design solution...
• Murphy beds (beds that fold down from the wall)
• Loft beds (beds above head height in a room)
• Beds in a mezzanine space (similar to a loft bed but with space to walk as well)
• Built in bunk beds
Guest Bed Room

A kid’s bedroom is their domain to play, create, study and relax. It’s a do-it-all space for the
youngest members of the household, so it’s only right that these spaces demand perhaps the
biggest creative input when it comes to decorating. Kids will likely have quite a few ideas of their
own when it comes to their rooms, not all of which you will agree with, but style doesn’t have to be
compromised. This gallery of 51 kids room designs is packed with stylish kids’ decor ideas including
modern bedroom furniture, minimalist kids’ room concepts, inspiration for unique kids’ beds, bunk
beds and play bunks, practical kids’ study areas and active play spaces.
-The class filled mostly painted with pinkish, white and yellow color.
-Children Bedroom share the bathroom with the Guest bedroom.
-The standard size of children bedroom is 3.9 x 3.0 m
-bunk beds take place if there Is more kids live in the house
-Bunk beds are great space saver and children enjoy them too.
-The color option for teenage girls bedroom are plenty. You can go for any pestle shade or something
brighter – try shades of pink, purple, yellow or green
-kids room can be fun with multifunctional furniture like foldable study table, bunk beds, play dens
and colorful storage cabinet
Children Bed Room

Bathroom Building Recommendations
While you always have to follow your local code, you'll find that NKBA guidelines either take the code and
build upon it or offer recommendations on which the code is silent. Below is a summary of what I consider 16
of the most important NKBA bathroom design guidelines. I also included the relevant codes for comparison.
1. Entry door openings
IRC
The IRC doesn't mention anything about how wide bathroom doors need to be.
NKBA
Doors should be at least 32" wide.
Bath Room

For 32" of clear width, the door width (from jamb to jamb) should be 34".
Since 34" is not a standard door width, most designers spec a 36" door, which is not usually a special order.
To meet ADA universal design standards, plan on 34" of clear opening, or a 36" door.
The NKBA makes an exception for situations where it's impossible to fit a 34" door, allowing a 24" door in those circumstances.
NOTE: If you a remodeling an existing bathroom, most cities will allow the existing door width to remain, even if they have a local
code in place requiring a wider door. However, if the location of the door is moved, it usually will have to follow the code.
2. Door interference
IRC
Again, the IRC doesn't have any requirements relating to doors bumping into each other in the bathroom.
NKBA
Good design dictates that the entry door doesn't bump into the shower door or cabinet doors or drawers.
NOTE: A good way to ensure that you can meet this guideline, even in a small bathroom, is to design an entry door that swings out
into the hall instead of into the bathroom.
3. Ceiling height
IRC
Bathrooms must have a minimum ceiling height of 80" in front of fixtures, which is less than the 90" ceiling height required in most
rooms.

The 30" x 30" area in front of a shower head must also be 80" in height.
NKBA
The NKBA doesn't have anything to add to the IRC requirement in this case.
The recommended ceiling height over sinks and other fixtures (basically, wherever you can't walk) is only 60".
4. Clear floor space
IRC
At least 21" is required between the toilet, bidet, and sink and any opposite wall or other fixture.
At least 24" is required in front of the shower entry.
NKBA
Building code only requires 21" of floor space in front of the toilet or sink, but that feels quite cramped, so the NKBA recommendation
is 30".
NOTE: If you are remodeling an older bath that's just 5' wide, a smaller 21" or 24" clear space may be all you can fit. A wall-hung toilet
can help free up space, however.
5. Sink spacing
IRC
The minimum distance from the centerline of the sink to a wall is 15".
There must be 4" between the edge of a free-standing or wall-hung sink and the wall. (This makes it easier to clean between the edge
of the vanity and the wall.)

NKBA
The NKBA recommends 20" from the center of the sink to the closest wall or other tall obstacle. This extra bit of elbow room makes
it more comfortable to wash your hands.
6. Distance between double sinks
IRC
The distance between the centerlines of two sinks must be at least 30".
Freestanding or wall hung sinks should have at least 4" of space between them.
NKBA
The NKBA recommends at least 36" between the centerlines of two sinks. When in doubt, go with smaller sinks so there is more
room in between. This extra space ensures that you won't bump elbows with the person using the sink next to you.
7. Vanity height
IRC
No code requirement for vanity height.
NKBA
Vanities should be 32" - 34" in height. In the old days, 32" vanities were the norm, with the goal of accommodating both kids and
adults. Nowadays, standard practice is to customize them to be comfortable for adult users. Kids can use stools, which can even be on
a pull-out mechanism built into the vanity.
8. Countertop corners
9. Shower size
IRC
The IRC is silent on this one.
NKBA
Countertop corners shouldn't be sharp.
Chamfered or rounded corners should be installed for safety.

IRC
The minimum interior shower size is 30" x 30" or 900 square inches, in which a disk of 30" in diameter must fit. (In most places, the
shower head must also be inside this imaginary disk.)
NKBA
The code minimum is 30" x 30", but 36" square is much more comfortable.
10. Grab bars
IRC
There are no international code prescriptions for grab bars.
NKBA
Plan grab bars. Even if you don't need them now, grab bars (or blocking within the walls) should be installed 33" - 36" above the floor
in the shower.

11. Non-slip floors
IRC
No international code requirements for flooring type.
NKBA
The NKBA recommends non-slip floors. Don't install any slippery flooring in your bathroom (including your shower floor). Ceramic tile
floors should have a coefficient of friction (COF) rating of at least 0.5 when wet.
12. Toilet placement
IRC
A minimum distance of 15" is required from the centerline of a toilet to any bath fixture, wall, or other obstacle.
NKBA
Give your toilet some space. The distance from the centerline of your toilet bowl to the nearest wall or obstacle should be at least
18". Only use the 15" minimum code requirement if you have a very small bathroom and can't accommodate the extra distance.

13. Toilet compartments
IRC
The minimum size for a separate toilet compartment is 30" by 60".
NKBA
When it comes to toilet compartments (also known as water closets or WCs), the NKBA recommends a larger space of 36" x 66".
If you have a swing-out or pocket door, you can use these minimum dimensions. If the door swings in, add the width of the door to
the depth of the WC.
14. Bathroom accessories
IRC
The IRC doesn't require the placement of any accessories.
NKBA
The NKBA recommends the placement of accessories with an eye to ergonomics.

A mirror should be placed over the sink with eye height in mind, the toilet paper holder should be 8" - 12" in front of the edge of the
toilet bowl, and towel holders and soap dishes should be conveniently located.
15. Ventilation
IRC
Minimum ventilation for the bathroom is to be a window of at least 3 sq. ft. of which 50% is operable, or a mechanical ventilation
system of at least 50 cubic feet per minute (cfm) ducted to the outside.
NKBA
An exhaust fan that is vented to the outside of your home should be placed in each bathroom.
If your shower compartment or WC is fully enclosed, they are considered their own room and should have their own exhaust fans.
See also: A Practical Guide to Window Placement
16. Heating

IRC
All bathrooms should have an appropriate heat source to maintain a minimum room temperature of 68° Fahrenheit (20° Celsius).
NKBA
The NKBA recommends that the bathroom should be about 10 degrees warmer than the rest of the house when someone is bathing.
Consider installing a supplemental heat source in the bathroom if needed.
Putting it all together
Bathroom design and space planning is often not given the thought it deserves. If you are planning to
remodel your bathroom or add a bath to your home, these 16 rules of thumb are a great place to start. But
don't stop here. I encourage you to speak to an experienced interior designer to truly dial in your new
bathroom space (and ensure you don't run afoul of your local building code). It's amazing how much a
thoughtfully planned bathroom can add to your enjoyment of your home and quality of life.
What is a service room?
The literal meaning of this word is “closet” – a room for storing clothes or other items.
However, in many real estate listings and advertisements, this label actually refers to a
“service room” which is a room that does not have a window or in which the window is
too small for the room to qualify as a bedroom.
- A kitchen means an area within a structure that is used to designed to be used for the preparation or
cooking of food and that contain one or both of the following,… an approved kitchen may have more than
one sink, stove, oven or refrigerator in the same room
- The kitchen should have direct access to the dining area (a serving hatch may be sufficient). Facilities are
required for:
• Meal preparation and serving
• Eating: occasional meals; perhaps breakfast
• Washing up
• Food storage
• Utensil and crockery storage.
Kitchen should also be proper ventilated and proper chimneys for smoke escape should be provided. Kitchen
are mostly merged with the dining area and most of the times kitchen and dining is merged with the living
room. Making it look more spacious and lavish. However, kitchen has its own floor plate area.
2.3. Serving Room in Residential Building
Kitchen

Furniture layout
- To assure adequate space for convenient use of
the dining area, not less than the following
clearances from the edge of the dining table
should be observed.
- 32 inches for chairs plus access thereto
- 38 inches for chairs plus access and passage
- 42 inches for serving from behind chair
- 24 inches for passage only
- 48 inches from table to base cabinet (in dining
kitchen)
Furniture layout
- To assure adequate space for convenient use of
the dining area, not less than the following
clearances from the edge of the dining table
should be observed.
- 32 inches for chairs plus access thereto
- 38 inches for chairs plus access and passage
- 42 inches for serving from behind chair
- 24 inches for passage only
- 48 inches from table to base cabinet (in dining
kitchen)

SIZE DIMENSIONS IN MT.+(AREA) DIMENSIONS IN FT.+(AREA)
LARGE 3.65 x 6.09(22.23) 12 x 20(240)
MEDIUM 3.05 x 4.87(14.85) 10 x 16(160)
SMALL 3.05 X 2.44(6.10) 10 x 08(80)
VERY SMALL 2.13 X 2.75(5.85) 07 x 09(63)

]
Other Requirement kitchen
1. Its floor should be impermeable.
2. Unless separately provided in a pantry, means for washing of kitchen utensils which
shall lead directly or through the sink to a grated and trapped connection to the waste
pipe.
The recommended Standard Room Sizing & Location for the kitchen of various sizes
are as below,
Minimum Area: 5 Sq.m.
Minimum Size of Side: The width of the room is not less than 1.8 m. Where there is a
separate store, the area of the kitchen may be reduced to 4.5 sq. m. A kitchen that is
intended to use as dining also shall have a floor area of not less than 7.5 sq. m. with
a minimum width of 2.1m.
The height of Room: The Kitchen height shall not be less than 2.75 sq. m.
Working triangle
For the normal family house, the combined
length of the sides of the triangle should be
between 5.50 and 6.00m. The distance
between the sink and cooker should not
exceed 1.80m, and should never be crossed
by through-circulation.

When you have room for storage, it’s easy to take it for granted.
When you don’t have enough storage, it’s very frustrating.
But, once we started our move, we realized this home drastically lacked storage space.
There were no closets in the bedroom. There were no bathroom vanities. There were no
closets anywhere in the home for jackets, shoes, linens, etc.
With a baby, storage becomes even more important. We scrambled. We researched our
options. We crammed in as much efficient storage options into that home as we could.
We made it work, but when child number two was on its way, we knew we needed more
space with more storage.
Closets
Typical Closets Plan
Storage Room

The laundry area needs space for a sink and worktop, washing machine and drier, and
storage for cleaning materials and, possibly, dirty washing;
it may also have to accommodate an ironing board or ironing machine and a working surface
for sorting.
An external door, or easy access to one, is preferable. Where a washing machine is not used,
or in large households where much hand washing is done, a sink
500*350*250mm deep is required and a second bowl or tub is desirable. Tumble-drier
The sequence of laundering operations should determine the planning of space and facilities
and the placing of equipment.
Laundry Room
• A laundry room needs at least one 20-amp circuit for receptacles serving laundry
equipment; this circuit can supply a clothes washer or a gas dryer.
• An electric dryer needs its own 30-amp, 240-volt circuit wired with four conductors (older
circuits often have three conductors).
• All receptacles must be GFCI-protected.
Constructions Specifications for Laundry Rooms
Adding extra insulation to the walls and floor of the laundry room will help reduce noise pollution
in other areas of the home. A floor drain is also great protection for the rest of the house in the
event a washer hose breaks or the washer overflows. An automatic shutoff water valve is a
wonderful addition to the laundry. It senses the electrical current draw from the washer and only
opens the water supply when the machine is in use.
Of course, your plumber and electrician will have specifications for the water, electrical, and gas
lines to keep your laundry room up to code in your area. Always use the right type of electrical
connections and never use an extension cord. Plan dryer placement to keep the vent hose as
straight and short as possible. You'll have quicker and safer drying and reduce fire risks with
shorter venting.
Laundry Room

Garage Dimensions
A garage is also a place where you can have your car repaired. Garages,
defined as premises which are primarily used to sell petrol or to sell or maintain
motor vehicles, are disqualified from holding a liquor license.
On this garage dimensions page we'll kick off with garage door dimensions by taking a look
at a few car dimensions and thinking about what size garage door is best. Then we'll cover
the garage sizes for single, double and triple garages with double and single doors. We'll
round off with a discussion on garage height.
Single Garage
So, let's start with a single garage. Everything on the diagram below is pretty
self-explanatory.
Garage
Car
Dimensions
Mini
width - 6ft 4ins / 1.9m
length - 12ft 2ins / 3.7m
height - 4ft 5ins / 1.4m
Ford Mondeo
width - 6ft 10ins / 2.1m
length - 16ft / 4.9m
height - 4ft 10ins / 1.5m
Dodge Ram
width (with mirrors) - 8ft 7ins / 2.6m
width (mirrors folded) - 7ft / 2.1m
length - 19ft 10ins / 6m
height - 6ft 6ins / 2m
Garage door dimensions top tip
When you're looking at car dimensions,
find the width dimension that includes the
wing mirrors. Car companies often quote
wheel base and width without the wing
mirrors as well. And then maybe check to
see whether or not the wing mirrors fold in,
and if they fold in easily (and I mean with
the press of a button inside the car) then
you can use that dimension for thinking
about your minimum garage door width.

Single garage dimensions
width - 12ft / 3.65m minimum
length - 20ft / 6m minimum
door width - 9ft / 2.7m minimum
The minimum dimensions are sufficient for our mini and our Ford Mondeo but the Ram wouldn't fit
in there.
Double Garage
When it comes to double garages there are two configurations that come
immediately to mind. A double garage with one door and a double
garage with two doors.
I can appreciate that aesthetically two single doors may be preferable but on balance I’d go for a double
door. It’s less expensive, particularly if you want your garage doors motorized and with no central pillar in
the garage entrance it’s one less piece of masonry that might jump out and scrape the car.
No matter what door configuration you choose the following
recommended minimum double garage sizes apply.

width - 22ft / 6.7m minimum
length - 20ft / 6m minimum
door width - 9ft / 2.7m minimum (single garage door width)
door width - 16ft / 4.8m minimum (double garage door width)
Double garage dimensions with one door
9K+Sa ve

Garage Height
Typically garage ceilings are slightly less high than an interior
room. Minimum recommended garage height is 7ft / 2.1m. A garage of
height 8ft / 2.4m feels slightly more generous.
2.1336m high garage
9K+Save
2.4384m high garage
9K+Save

Reference
Joseph De Chiara Time Saver Standards for Buildiz lib org
Municipal Buildings
Neufert Architects Data
https://www.designerliving.com/get-inspired/buying-
guide/living-room-essentials-checklist/2437
https://www.designerliving.com/get-inspired/buying-
guide/living-room-essentials-checklist/2437
https://www.pdfdrive.com/interior-color-by-design-a-design-
tool-for-architects-interior-designers-and-homeowners-
d176278082.html
Building and Design Specifications for a Laundry Room
(thespruce.com)
https://architectureideas.info/2009/03/designing-a-dining-
room/
https://www.houseplanshelper.com/dining-room-
size.html

n
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