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WELCOME TO OUR
PRESENTATION
GEOMETRI BIDANG DAN
RUANG
CIRCLE(LINGKARAN)
WE ARE FROM 5 GROUP
HANIFAH MUSLIMAH
NUR HAFIZAH
VEBY ANGGRIANI
PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA
KOMPETENSI BAB 7(CIRCLE)
A. BASIC TERM(SYARAT DASAR LINGKARAN)
B. TANGENTS(GARIS SINGGUNG PADA LINGKARAN)
C. ARC AND CENTRAL ANGLES(BUSUR DAN SUDUT PUSAT)
D. ARC AND CHORD(BUSUR DAN TALI BUSUR)
E. INSCRIBED ANGLES(MENENTUKAN SUDUT PADA
LINGKARAN)
F. OTHER ANGLES(SUDUT LAIN)
G. CIRCLE AND LENGTHS OF SEGMENT(LINGKARAN DAN
PANJANG TEMBERENG)
CIRCLE(LINGKARAN)
LINGKARAN ADALAH HIMPUNAN SEMUA TITIK
DALAM BIDANG YANG DIBERI JARAK DARI TITIK
TERTENTU DALAM SUATU BIDANG.
A.BASIC TERMS(SYARAT DASAR)
1. TITIK O DISEBUT PUSAT
LINGKARAN
2. JARI-JARI LINGKARAN
3. DIAMETER ATAU GARIS TENGAH
4. BUSUR LINGKARAN
5. TALI BUSUR
6. APOTEMA
7. JURING ATAU SECTOR
8. TEMBERENG
B.TANGENT(GARIS SINGGUNG)
SEBUAH GARIS SINGGUNG
LINGKARAN ADALAH GARIS
YANG TERLETAK PADA BIDANG
LINGKARAN DAN
MENYINGGUNG LINGKARAN DI
TEPAT SATU TITIK YANG
DISEBUT TITIK SINGGUNG
A BC
TEOREMA 1
• JIKA GARIS BERSINGGUNGAN DENGAN LINGKARAN, DAN
KEMUDIAN GARIS TEGAK LURUS DENGAN JARI-JARI DITARIK KE
TITIK SINGGUNG.
• DIBERIKAN: GARIS T BERSINGGUNGAN DENGAN LINGKARAN O
PADA TITIK X.
• MEMBUKTIKAN: OX TEGAK LURUS DENGAN T.
t
O
X Y
KONSEKUENSI: GARIS SINGGUNG LINGKARAN DARI
TITIK YANG SAMA
KONSEKUENSI MEMBERITAHU KITA BAHWA JIKA
PX AND PY ADALAH GARIS SINGGUNG UNTUK
LINGKARAN O PADA X DAN Y,KEMUDIAN PX=PY.UNTUK
MEMBUKTIKAN KONSEKUENSI,LIHAT LATIHAN 7.
. O
Y
X
P
TEOREMA 2
• .
JIKA GARIS PADA BIDANG LINGKARAN TEGAK
LURUS TERHADAP JARI-JARI PADA TITIK AKHIR
LUARNYA, MAKA GARIS BERSINGGUNGAN
DENGAN LINGKARAN.
DIBERIKAN:GARIS M TERLETAK PADA BIDANG
LINGKARAN P.M GARIS SINGGUNG UNTUK
LINGKARAN P.
MEMBUKTIKAN:M ADALAH GARIS SINGGUNG
UNTUK LINGKARAN P.
P Z
m
BARIS YANG BERSINGGUNGAN DENGAN MASING-MASING
DUA LINGKARAN COPLANAR DISEBUT GARIS SINGGUNG
UMUM.
GARIS SINGGUNG INTERNAL YANG
UMUM MEMOTONG RUAS GARIS YANG
MENGHUBUNGKAN PUSAT-PUSAT
• .
GARIS SINGGUNG EKSTERNAL UMUM
TIDAK MEMOTONG RUAS GARIS YANG
MENGHUBUNGKAN PUSAT-PUSAT.
• .
3.BUSUR DAN SUDUT PUSAT
• ADA 3 JENIS DARI BUSUR
SEMICIRCLE
ABC
DIAMETER
A C
B
BUSUR KECIL
B
C
BUSUR BESAR
B
C
D
UKURAN SETENGAH LINGKARAN ADALAH
180.UKURAN DARI BUSUR BESAR
DITEMUKAN SEPERTI YANG
DITUNJUKKAN.
• SETENGAH LINGKARAN
BUSUR ABC=ADC=180
• BUSUR BESAR:BUSUR
BDC=360-BUSUR BC=360-
110=250
A
B
C
D
B
C
110°
D
ARC:
• Consists of two points on a circle and all points needed to connect the points
by a single path.
(Terdiri dari dua titik pada lingkaran dan semua poin yang diperlukan untuk
menghubungkan titik-titik dengan jalur tunggal.)
• The center of an arc is the center of the circle of which the arc is a part.
(Pusat busur adalah pusat lingkaran yang mana busur merupakan bagian dari
lingkaran tersebut.)
P
A
B
C
Central Angle :
An Angle whose vertex is at the center of the circle
Minor ArcMajor Arc
Less than 180°More than 180°
ABACB
To name: use
2 letters
To name: use
3 letters
<APB is a Central Angle
• An arc whose points are on or between the side of a central
angle.
• Central angle apb determines minor arc ab.
• Minor arcs are named with two letters.
• An arc whose points are on or outside of
a central angle.
• Central angle cqd determines major arc cfd.
• Major arcs are named with three letters
(cfd).
P
E
F
D
Semicircle: An Arc that equals 180°
EDF
To name: use
3 letters
EF is a diameter, so every diameter divides the
circle in half, which divides it into arcs of 180°
THEOREMS 7.3
IN A CIRCLE OR IN CONGRUENT CIRCLES, TWO MINOR
ARCS ARE CONGRUENT IF AND ONLY IF THEIR
CORRESPONDING CHORDS ARE CONGRUENT.
PROOF Write a proof.
Prove:
Given:
is a semicircle.
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. 1. Given
is a semicircle.
5. Def. of arc measure5.
2. Def. of semicircle2.
3. In a circle, 2 chords are , corr.
minor arcs are .
3.
4. Def. of arcs4.
Answer:
Statements Reasons
6. 6. Arc Addition Postulate
7. 7. Substitution
8. 8. Subtraction Property
and simplify
9. 9. Division Property
10. 10. Def. of arc measure
11. 11. Substitution
THEOREMS 7.4
IN A CIRCLE, IF A DIAMETER IS PERPENDICULAR TO A
CHORD, THEN IT BISECTS THE CHORD AND ITS ARC.
Circle W has a radius of 10 centimeters. Radius is
perpendicular to chord is perpendicular to chord
which is 16 centimeters long.
If find
Since radius is perpendicular to chord
Arc addition postulate
Substitution
Substitution
Subtract 53 from each side.
Answer: 127
Inscribed angle: an angle whose vertex lies on a circle
and whose sides are chords of the circle (or one side
tangent to the circle).
.ABC is an inscribed angle
O
B
A
C
DExamples:
1
4
2 3
No! No!Yes! Yes!
THEOREMS 7.6
(INSCRIBED ANGLE THEOREM):
The measure of an inscribed angle equals ½ the measure of its
intercepted arc (or the measure of the intercepted arc is twice
the measure of the inscribed angle).
Z
55
A
C
B
D
2
mAB
m ABC 
An angle formed by a chord and a tangent can be considered
an inscribed angle.
In
and Find the measures of the numbered angles.
EXAMPLE 1:
Arc Addition Theorem
Simplify.
Subtract 168 from each
side.
Divide each side by 2.
First determine
EXAMPLE 1:
So, m
EXAMPLE 1:
Answer:
EXAMPLE 1:
Corollary 1:
If two inscribed angles intercept the same
arc, then they are congruent.
mDAC  mCBD
Given:
Prove:
EXAMPLE 2:
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. Given1.
2. 2. If 2 chords are ,
corr. minor arcs are .
3. 3. Definition of
intercepted arc
4. 4. Inscribed angles of
arcs are .
5. 5. Right angles are
congruent
6. 6. AAS
EXAMPLE 2:
COROLLARY 2 :
If a quadrilateral is inscribed in a , then its opposite
s are supplementary.
I.E. Quadrilateral ABCD
is inscribed in O,
thus A and C are
supplementary and B and
D are supplementary.
D
A
C
B
O
ALGEBRA Triangles TVU and TSU are inscribed in
with Find the measure of each numbered angle if
and
EXAMPLE 4:
are right triangles. since they
intercept congruent arcs. Then the third angles of the triangles are
also congruent, so .
Angle Sum Theorem
Simplify.
Subtract 105 from each side.
Divide each side by 3.
EXAMPLE 4:
Use the value of x to find the measures of
Given Given
Answer:
EXAMPLE 4:
COROLLARY 3 :
If an inscribed  intercepts a semicircle, then the  is a right .
i.E. If AC is a diameter of
then the mabc = 90°.
o
THEOREMS 7.7
Tangent angle
A tangent is a line that just touches a circle at
One point.It always forms a right angle with the
Circle's radius.
“An angle formed by a chord and
A tangent is equal to half
The intercepted arc”
THEOREM 7.8
An angel formed by two chords intercecting inside a circicle
is equal to half the sum of the intercept arcs
THEOREM 7.9
An anngel formed by two secant, two tangents, or by a
secant and a tangent drawn from a point outside a circle is
equal to half the diffrence of the intercepted arcs.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA SUDUT PUSAT DAN
BUSURNYA
Sebuah sudut yang titik sudutnya
titik pusat sebuah lingkaran disebut sudut
pusat.
Jika 2 buah sudut pusat sebuah
lingkaran sama besar, maka busur tempat
sudut-sudut itu berdiri sama pula
besarnya.
Derajat sudut dan derajat busur
sebuah sudut pusat sama besarnya
dengan besar tempat duduk pusat itu
berdiri.
Ada 3 jenis sudut yang dibentuk oleh 2 buah tali
busur, yaitu :
1. Sudut tepi (sudut keliling), yaitu sudut yang
dibentuk oleh 2 buah tali busur yang berpotongan
pada lingkaran.
2. Sudut tepi dalam (sudut dalam keliling), yaitu sudut
yang dibentuk oleh 2 buah tali busur yang
berpotongan didalam lingkaran.
3. Sudut tepi luar (sudut luar keliling), yaitu sudut yang
dibentuk oleh 2 buah tali busur yang berpotongan
diluar lingkaran.
POINT O LIES
INSIDE < ABC
THEOREM 7.10
When two chords intersect inside a circle, the
product of the segment of one chord equals the
product of the segment of the other
THEOREM 7.11
When to secants are drawm to a circle from
outside point, the product of one secant and is
exsternal segment equals the product of the
other secant adn its exsternal segment
THEOREM 7.12
When a tangent and a secant are
drawn to a circle from outside point,
the squeare of the tangent is equal
to the product of the secant and its
exsternal segment
Sudut pusat adalah sudut yang dibentuk oleh dua
jari-jari yang berpotongan pada pusat lingkaran.
Pada gambar di bawah, sudut AOB = α adalah
sudut pusat lingkaran. Garis lengkung AB disebut
busur AB dan daerah arsiran OAB disebut juring
OAB. Pada pembahasan kali ini, kita akan
mempelajari hubungan antara sudut pusat, panjang
busur, dan luas juring pada sebuah lingkaran.
Jadi, panjang busur dan luas juring
pada suatu lingkaran berbanding lurus
dengan besar sudut pusatnya.
Sekarang perhatikan gambar di atas
tersebut. Dari gambar tersebut
diperoleh
Sekarang, misalkan ∠ COD = satu putaran
penuh = 360° maka keliling lingkaran =
2πr, dan luas lingkaran = πr2 dengan r
jari-jari, akan tampak seperti gambar di
atas, sehingga diperoleh
Dengan demikian, diperoleh rumus
panjang busur AB, luas juring AB, dan
luas tembereng AB pada gambar di
atas adalah :
panjang busur AB = (α/360°) x 2πr
luas juring OAB = (α/360°) x πr2
luas tembereng AB = luas juring OAB –
luas Δ AOB.
THAT’S ALL FROM US
GROUP 5 
THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR ATTENTION

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TEOREMA-TEOREMA LINGKARAN

  • 1. WELCOME TO OUR PRESENTATION GEOMETRI BIDANG DAN RUANG CIRCLE(LINGKARAN)
  • 2. WE ARE FROM 5 GROUP HANIFAH MUSLIMAH NUR HAFIZAH VEBY ANGGRIANI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA
  • 3. KOMPETENSI BAB 7(CIRCLE) A. BASIC TERM(SYARAT DASAR LINGKARAN) B. TANGENTS(GARIS SINGGUNG PADA LINGKARAN) C. ARC AND CENTRAL ANGLES(BUSUR DAN SUDUT PUSAT) D. ARC AND CHORD(BUSUR DAN TALI BUSUR) E. INSCRIBED ANGLES(MENENTUKAN SUDUT PADA LINGKARAN) F. OTHER ANGLES(SUDUT LAIN) G. CIRCLE AND LENGTHS OF SEGMENT(LINGKARAN DAN PANJANG TEMBERENG)
  • 4. CIRCLE(LINGKARAN) LINGKARAN ADALAH HIMPUNAN SEMUA TITIK DALAM BIDANG YANG DIBERI JARAK DARI TITIK TERTENTU DALAM SUATU BIDANG.
  • 5. A.BASIC TERMS(SYARAT DASAR) 1. TITIK O DISEBUT PUSAT LINGKARAN 2. JARI-JARI LINGKARAN 3. DIAMETER ATAU GARIS TENGAH 4. BUSUR LINGKARAN 5. TALI BUSUR 6. APOTEMA 7. JURING ATAU SECTOR 8. TEMBERENG
  • 6. B.TANGENT(GARIS SINGGUNG) SEBUAH GARIS SINGGUNG LINGKARAN ADALAH GARIS YANG TERLETAK PADA BIDANG LINGKARAN DAN MENYINGGUNG LINGKARAN DI TEPAT SATU TITIK YANG DISEBUT TITIK SINGGUNG A BC
  • 7. TEOREMA 1 • JIKA GARIS BERSINGGUNGAN DENGAN LINGKARAN, DAN KEMUDIAN GARIS TEGAK LURUS DENGAN JARI-JARI DITARIK KE TITIK SINGGUNG. • DIBERIKAN: GARIS T BERSINGGUNGAN DENGAN LINGKARAN O PADA TITIK X. • MEMBUKTIKAN: OX TEGAK LURUS DENGAN T. t O X Y
  • 8. KONSEKUENSI: GARIS SINGGUNG LINGKARAN DARI TITIK YANG SAMA KONSEKUENSI MEMBERITAHU KITA BAHWA JIKA PX AND PY ADALAH GARIS SINGGUNG UNTUK LINGKARAN O PADA X DAN Y,KEMUDIAN PX=PY.UNTUK MEMBUKTIKAN KONSEKUENSI,LIHAT LATIHAN 7. . O Y X P
  • 9. TEOREMA 2 • . JIKA GARIS PADA BIDANG LINGKARAN TEGAK LURUS TERHADAP JARI-JARI PADA TITIK AKHIR LUARNYA, MAKA GARIS BERSINGGUNGAN DENGAN LINGKARAN. DIBERIKAN:GARIS M TERLETAK PADA BIDANG LINGKARAN P.M GARIS SINGGUNG UNTUK LINGKARAN P. MEMBUKTIKAN:M ADALAH GARIS SINGGUNG UNTUK LINGKARAN P. P Z m
  • 10. BARIS YANG BERSINGGUNGAN DENGAN MASING-MASING DUA LINGKARAN COPLANAR DISEBUT GARIS SINGGUNG UMUM. GARIS SINGGUNG INTERNAL YANG UMUM MEMOTONG RUAS GARIS YANG MENGHUBUNGKAN PUSAT-PUSAT • . GARIS SINGGUNG EKSTERNAL UMUM TIDAK MEMOTONG RUAS GARIS YANG MENGHUBUNGKAN PUSAT-PUSAT. • .
  • 11. 3.BUSUR DAN SUDUT PUSAT • ADA 3 JENIS DARI BUSUR SEMICIRCLE ABC DIAMETER A C B BUSUR KECIL B C BUSUR BESAR B C D
  • 12. UKURAN SETENGAH LINGKARAN ADALAH 180.UKURAN DARI BUSUR BESAR DITEMUKAN SEPERTI YANG DITUNJUKKAN. • SETENGAH LINGKARAN BUSUR ABC=ADC=180 • BUSUR BESAR:BUSUR BDC=360-BUSUR BC=360- 110=250 A B C D B C 110° D
  • 13. ARC: • Consists of two points on a circle and all points needed to connect the points by a single path. (Terdiri dari dua titik pada lingkaran dan semua poin yang diperlukan untuk menghubungkan titik-titik dengan jalur tunggal.) • The center of an arc is the center of the circle of which the arc is a part. (Pusat busur adalah pusat lingkaran yang mana busur merupakan bagian dari lingkaran tersebut.)
  • 14. P A B C Central Angle : An Angle whose vertex is at the center of the circle Minor ArcMajor Arc Less than 180°More than 180° ABACB To name: use 2 letters To name: use 3 letters <APB is a Central Angle
  • 15. • An arc whose points are on or between the side of a central angle. • Central angle apb determines minor arc ab. • Minor arcs are named with two letters. • An arc whose points are on or outside of a central angle. • Central angle cqd determines major arc cfd. • Major arcs are named with three letters (cfd).
  • 16. P E F D Semicircle: An Arc that equals 180° EDF To name: use 3 letters EF is a diameter, so every diameter divides the circle in half, which divides it into arcs of 180°
  • 17. THEOREMS 7.3 IN A CIRCLE OR IN CONGRUENT CIRCLES, TWO MINOR ARCS ARE CONGRUENT IF AND ONLY IF THEIR CORRESPONDING CHORDS ARE CONGRUENT.
  • 18. PROOF Write a proof. Prove: Given: is a semicircle.
  • 19. Proof: Statements Reasons 1. 1. Given is a semicircle. 5. Def. of arc measure5. 2. Def. of semicircle2. 3. In a circle, 2 chords are , corr. minor arcs are . 3. 4. Def. of arcs4.
  • 20. Answer: Statements Reasons 6. 6. Arc Addition Postulate 7. 7. Substitution 8. 8. Subtraction Property and simplify 9. 9. Division Property 10. 10. Def. of arc measure 11. 11. Substitution
  • 21. THEOREMS 7.4 IN A CIRCLE, IF A DIAMETER IS PERPENDICULAR TO A CHORD, THEN IT BISECTS THE CHORD AND ITS ARC.
  • 22. Circle W has a radius of 10 centimeters. Radius is perpendicular to chord is perpendicular to chord which is 16 centimeters long. If find
  • 23. Since radius is perpendicular to chord Arc addition postulate Substitution Substitution Subtract 53 from each side. Answer: 127
  • 24. Inscribed angle: an angle whose vertex lies on a circle and whose sides are chords of the circle (or one side tangent to the circle). .ABC is an inscribed angle O B A C DExamples: 1 4 2 3 No! No!Yes! Yes!
  • 25. THEOREMS 7.6 (INSCRIBED ANGLE THEOREM): The measure of an inscribed angle equals ½ the measure of its intercepted arc (or the measure of the intercepted arc is twice the measure of the inscribed angle). Z 55 A C B D 2 mAB m ABC  An angle formed by a chord and a tangent can be considered an inscribed angle.
  • 26. In and Find the measures of the numbered angles. EXAMPLE 1:
  • 27. Arc Addition Theorem Simplify. Subtract 168 from each side. Divide each side by 2. First determine EXAMPLE 1:
  • 30. Corollary 1: If two inscribed angles intercept the same arc, then they are congruent. mDAC  mCBD
  • 32. Proof: Statements Reasons 1. Given1. 2. 2. If 2 chords are , corr. minor arcs are . 3. 3. Definition of intercepted arc 4. 4. Inscribed angles of arcs are . 5. 5. Right angles are congruent 6. 6. AAS EXAMPLE 2:
  • 33. COROLLARY 2 : If a quadrilateral is inscribed in a , then its opposite s are supplementary. I.E. Quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in O, thus A and C are supplementary and B and D are supplementary. D A C B O
  • 34. ALGEBRA Triangles TVU and TSU are inscribed in with Find the measure of each numbered angle if and EXAMPLE 4:
  • 35. are right triangles. since they intercept congruent arcs. Then the third angles of the triangles are also congruent, so . Angle Sum Theorem Simplify. Subtract 105 from each side. Divide each side by 3. EXAMPLE 4:
  • 36. Use the value of x to find the measures of Given Given Answer: EXAMPLE 4:
  • 37. COROLLARY 3 : If an inscribed  intercepts a semicircle, then the  is a right . i.E. If AC is a diameter of then the mabc = 90°. o
  • 38. THEOREMS 7.7 Tangent angle A tangent is a line that just touches a circle at One point.It always forms a right angle with the Circle's radius. “An angle formed by a chord and A tangent is equal to half The intercepted arc”
  • 39. THEOREM 7.8 An angel formed by two chords intercecting inside a circicle is equal to half the sum of the intercept arcs THEOREM 7.9 An anngel formed by two secant, two tangents, or by a secant and a tangent drawn from a point outside a circle is equal to half the diffrence of the intercepted arcs.
  • 40. HUBUNGAN ANTARA SUDUT PUSAT DAN BUSURNYA Sebuah sudut yang titik sudutnya titik pusat sebuah lingkaran disebut sudut pusat. Jika 2 buah sudut pusat sebuah lingkaran sama besar, maka busur tempat sudut-sudut itu berdiri sama pula besarnya.
  • 41. Derajat sudut dan derajat busur sebuah sudut pusat sama besarnya dengan besar tempat duduk pusat itu berdiri.
  • 42. Ada 3 jenis sudut yang dibentuk oleh 2 buah tali busur, yaitu : 1. Sudut tepi (sudut keliling), yaitu sudut yang dibentuk oleh 2 buah tali busur yang berpotongan pada lingkaran. 2. Sudut tepi dalam (sudut dalam keliling), yaitu sudut yang dibentuk oleh 2 buah tali busur yang berpotongan didalam lingkaran. 3. Sudut tepi luar (sudut luar keliling), yaitu sudut yang dibentuk oleh 2 buah tali busur yang berpotongan diluar lingkaran.
  • 44. THEOREM 7.10 When two chords intersect inside a circle, the product of the segment of one chord equals the product of the segment of the other THEOREM 7.11 When to secants are drawm to a circle from outside point, the product of one secant and is exsternal segment equals the product of the other secant adn its exsternal segment
  • 45. THEOREM 7.12 When a tangent and a secant are drawn to a circle from outside point, the squeare of the tangent is equal to the product of the secant and its exsternal segment
  • 46. Sudut pusat adalah sudut yang dibentuk oleh dua jari-jari yang berpotongan pada pusat lingkaran. Pada gambar di bawah, sudut AOB = α adalah sudut pusat lingkaran. Garis lengkung AB disebut busur AB dan daerah arsiran OAB disebut juring OAB. Pada pembahasan kali ini, kita akan mempelajari hubungan antara sudut pusat, panjang busur, dan luas juring pada sebuah lingkaran.
  • 47. Jadi, panjang busur dan luas juring pada suatu lingkaran berbanding lurus dengan besar sudut pusatnya.
  • 48. Sekarang perhatikan gambar di atas tersebut. Dari gambar tersebut diperoleh
  • 49. Sekarang, misalkan ∠ COD = satu putaran penuh = 360° maka keliling lingkaran = 2πr, dan luas lingkaran = πr2 dengan r jari-jari, akan tampak seperti gambar di atas, sehingga diperoleh
  • 50. Dengan demikian, diperoleh rumus panjang busur AB, luas juring AB, dan luas tembereng AB pada gambar di atas adalah : panjang busur AB = (α/360°) x 2πr luas juring OAB = (α/360°) x πr2 luas tembereng AB = luas juring OAB – luas Δ AOB.
  • 51. THAT’S ALL FROM US GROUP 5  THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR ATTENTION