2. What is Society?
Society is the bigger, cooperating social
group with an organized sense of
relationship.
It is the sum of interactions and people.
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3. What is Culture?
Culture can be seen as tradition that creates cohesion
and continuity.
It has a lot of different meanings
It is the traits of a populations behavior, values and
beliefs.
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4. Difference b/w society and
culture
Base
Culture is based off of historical precedence
society is an agreement on how each member
should behave.
Scope
Society is the overall bigger picture
Culture is a part of society
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5. Difference b/w society and
culture
Flexibility
Culture is changing constantly and exclusive
Society is more stable and inclusive
Examples
Examples of culture are fashion, language,
traditional products, music, art and ideals.
Examples of society are villages, small towns
and big cities
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6. Relationship b/w culture and
society
Present and continuous movement
Society and culture are closely related and interlinked
But they are “Not Interchangeable”
culture plays a key role in the formation of a society
Characteristics of relationship b/w culture and society
Mutual existence
Not Identical
Essential Difference
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7. Mutual Existence
Culture and society are co-existent.
No culture could exist without society and
equally no society could exist without culture
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8. Not Identical
Culture and society may have the some common
elements but the two are not the same; they are not
identical.
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9. Essential difference
Society is composed of people
Culture consists of knowledge, ideas, customs, traditions,
mores, beliefs, skills, institutions, organizations and
artifacts.
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10. Major cultures within a
society
Universal Culture
Subcultures
Countercultures
Material Culture
Nonmaterial culture
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11. Cultural Universals
Cultural traits shared by nearly all societies
Arts and Leisure activities
Basic Needs
Clothing, cooking, Housing
Communication and Education
Family Courtship
kin groups, marriage
Government and Economy
Calendar, division of labor, government, law, property rights, status
differentiation, trade
Technology
Medicine, tool making
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12. Subcultures
Groups that share values, norms, and behaviors that
are not shared by the entire population.
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13. Countercultures
Groups that rejects the major values, norms,
and behaviors that is practiced by larger
society.
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14. Major cultures within a
society
Universal Culture
Subcultures
Countercultures
Material Culture
Nonmaterial culture
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15. Material Culture
Material culture includes all the physical things that people
create and attach meaning to
Clothing, food, tools, architecture etc.
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16. Nonmaterial culture
Nonmaterial culture includes creations and abstract ideas
that are not embodied in physical objects.
Any intangible products created and shared between the
members of a culture
Social roles, rules, ethics, and beliefs are just some
examples.
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17. Cultural Sociology
Specialized field of sociology that studies the culture and its
relationship with society
culture in the sociological field can be defined as the ways
of thinking, the ways of acting, and the material objects that
together shape a people's way of life.
Every cultural phenomena should be seen as a product of
social processes
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18. Major areas of research
Theoretical constructs in sociology of culture
Cultural change
Culture theory
Cultural deviation
Evolution of culture
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19. Cultural deviance
Deviance describes an action or behavior that
violates social norms of a society
Formal deviance: crime, Legal action
Informal deviance: Ethical violations, Taboo
Positive deviance
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20. Evolution of culture
Human culture changes
Similar to Darwinian theory of evolution
New traditions, customs and rituals are adopted by society
The ability of societies to adapt is critical to long term
survival
Flexible cultures survive
Rigid societies vanish
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