SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 26
 
Why is the rate of photosynthesis so much lower than expected ?
Waarom zoveel minder fotosynthese dan verwacht? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1. Dark respiration also happens during the day! Net photosynthesis  = ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2. The fate of light:
2b. Absorptance of a chlorophyll solution: Abosorption chlorophyll at blue and red wavelengths
2b. Absorptance of a chlorophyll solution: Abosorption chlorophyll at blue and red wavelengths
2c. Absorptance of a leaf: 400  500  600  700  800 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 absorptance transmittance Fraction Wavelength (nm)    Wavelength dependency whole-leaf absorption less severe than chlorophyll solution
400  500  600  700  800 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 Absorptance Wavelength (nm) 400  500  600  700  800 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 Transmittance Wavelength (nm) air oil oil air DeLucia et al, 1996 Air-filled intercellulair spaces allow for internal reflectance    more absorptance light
3. Light limitation:
3. Light limitation:
4. CO 2  supply: = CO 2  compensatie punt
4b. CO 2 extern > CO 2 intern CO 2 intern depends on stomatal opening and stomatal density
4c. A-c i  curve:
5. Photorespiration: ,[object Object],[object Object]
5. Photorespiration: ,[object Object],[object Object],Oxygenation: RUBP +  O 2      1 C 3  + 1 C 2 2 C 2  +  ATP      1 C 3  + CO 2
5b. Photorespiration Phosphoglycolate + O 2  + ATP  ->  PGA + CO 2  + ADP + 2Pi G3P G3P G3P G3P G3P Chloroplast    peroxisome    mitochondria    peroxisome    chloroplast Fotorespiratie dus noodzakelijk om C 2  (PG) te regenereren
6. Morpholoigcal & Physiological variation - Low- and high-light leaves: High light - thick leaf Many chloroplasts m -2    High [Rubisco] m -2 Low light - thin leaf Fewer chloroplasts m -2    Low [Rubisco] m -2
6b. Photosynthetic machinery:
6b. Photosynthetic machinery:
6c. Light harvesting – low light vs. high light leaves Low light: Increase antennae for enhanced light harvesting
6c. Light harvesting – low light vs. high light leaves Low light: Increase antennae for enhanced light harvesting
Why nett photosynthesis is constrained ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions Photosynthesis: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Simple experiment:
Simple experiment: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

Energy storage phosphors @ Phosphor Global Summit 2019
Energy storage phosphors @ Phosphor Global Summit 2019Energy storage phosphors @ Phosphor Global Summit 2019
Energy storage phosphors @ Phosphor Global Summit 2019Philippe Smet
 
Application of Carbon dots ppt
Application of Carbon dots pptApplication of Carbon dots ppt
Application of Carbon dots pptAxy Patil
 
2011 LSAMP Conference - Lejmarc Snowball v12
2011 LSAMP Conference - Lejmarc Snowball v122011 LSAMP Conference - Lejmarc Snowball v12
2011 LSAMP Conference - Lejmarc Snowball v12Lejmarc Snowball
 
Defects in energy storage phosphors: friends or enemies? (PRE19 workshop)
Defects in energy storage phosphors:  friends or enemies? (PRE19 workshop)Defects in energy storage phosphors:  friends or enemies? (PRE19 workshop)
Defects in energy storage phosphors: friends or enemies? (PRE19 workshop)Philippe Smet
 
Carbon dots characterization and applications
Carbon dots characterization and applicationsCarbon dots characterization and applications
Carbon dots characterization and applicationspchandrasekaran
 
Pfsmet amazing rise of solid state lighting
Pfsmet   amazing rise of solid state lightingPfsmet   amazing rise of solid state lighting
Pfsmet amazing rise of solid state lightingPhilippe Smet
 
WilburClarkeSymposiumposterPrinted
WilburClarkeSymposiumposterPrintedWilburClarkeSymposiumposterPrinted
WilburClarkeSymposiumposterPrintedDominique Beamon
 
Invisible excitons in hexagonal Boron Nitride
Invisible excitons  in hexagonal Boron NitrideInvisible excitons  in hexagonal Boron Nitride
Invisible excitons in hexagonal Boron NitrideClaudio Attaccalite
 
Jpc lett 10.1021jz300574u-gates presentation on Atomically Resolved Site-Isol...
Jpc lett 10.1021jz300574u-gates presentation on Atomically Resolved Site-Isol...Jpc lett 10.1021jz300574u-gates presentation on Atomically Resolved Site-Isol...
Jpc lett 10.1021jz300574u-gates presentation on Atomically Resolved Site-Isol...jpcoffice
 

La actualidad más candente (13)

Energy storage phosphors @ Phosphor Global Summit 2019
Energy storage phosphors @ Phosphor Global Summit 2019Energy storage phosphors @ Phosphor Global Summit 2019
Energy storage phosphors @ Phosphor Global Summit 2019
 
Application of Carbon dots ppt
Application of Carbon dots pptApplication of Carbon dots ppt
Application of Carbon dots ppt
 
2011 LSAMP Conference - Lejmarc Snowball v12
2011 LSAMP Conference - Lejmarc Snowball v122011 LSAMP Conference - Lejmarc Snowball v12
2011 LSAMP Conference - Lejmarc Snowball v12
 
Defects in energy storage phosphors: friends or enemies? (PRE19 workshop)
Defects in energy storage phosphors:  friends or enemies? (PRE19 workshop)Defects in energy storage phosphors:  friends or enemies? (PRE19 workshop)
Defects in energy storage phosphors: friends or enemies? (PRE19 workshop)
 
Carbon dots characterization and applications
Carbon dots characterization and applicationsCarbon dots characterization and applications
Carbon dots characterization and applications
 
carbon quantum dots
carbon quantum dotscarbon quantum dots
carbon quantum dots
 
Pfsmet amazing rise of solid state lighting
Pfsmet   amazing rise of solid state lightingPfsmet   amazing rise of solid state lighting
Pfsmet amazing rise of solid state lighting
 
WilburClarkeSymposiumposterPrinted
WilburClarkeSymposiumposterPrintedWilburClarkeSymposiumposterPrinted
WilburClarkeSymposiumposterPrinted
 
David prentice recycling phosphorecent powder
David prentice   recycling phosphorecent powderDavid prentice   recycling phosphorecent powder
David prentice recycling phosphorecent powder
 
Invisible excitons in hexagonal Boron Nitride
Invisible excitons  in hexagonal Boron NitrideInvisible excitons  in hexagonal Boron Nitride
Invisible excitons in hexagonal Boron Nitride
 
Jpc lett 10.1021jz300574u-gates presentation on Atomically Resolved Site-Isol...
Jpc lett 10.1021jz300574u-gates presentation on Atomically Resolved Site-Isol...Jpc lett 10.1021jz300574u-gates presentation on Atomically Resolved Site-Isol...
Jpc lett 10.1021jz300574u-gates presentation on Atomically Resolved Site-Isol...
 
Cdii
CdiiCdii
Cdii
 
Perovskite Solar Cells
Perovskite Solar CellsPerovskite Solar Cells
Perovskite Solar Cells
 

Destacado (6)

Hoofdstuk 6 1e deel
Hoofdstuk 6 1e deelHoofdstuk 6 1e deel
Hoofdstuk 6 1e deel
 
Hoofdstuk 7 1e deel
Hoofdstuk 7 1e deelHoofdstuk 7 1e deel
Hoofdstuk 7 1e deel
 
Chapter 07 Membrane Structure and Function
Chapter 07 Membrane Structure and FunctionChapter 07 Membrane Structure and Function
Chapter 07 Membrane Structure and Function
 
Groeneveld 31032011
Groeneveld 31032011Groeneveld 31032011
Groeneveld 31032011
 
Membrane Structure and Function
Membrane Structure and FunctionMembrane Structure and Function
Membrane Structure and Function
 
GKA deel 2 college 2
GKA deel 2 college 2GKA deel 2 college 2
GKA deel 2 college 2
 

Similar a Why is the rate of photosynthesis often lower than expected

Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesismanrav24
 
Photosynthesis lecture part 2
Photosynthesis lecture part 2Photosynthesis lecture part 2
Photosynthesis lecture part 2buddy.tignor
 
The Light Dependent Stage of Photosynthesis.pdf
The Light Dependent Stage of Photosynthesis.pdfThe Light Dependent Stage of Photosynthesis.pdf
The Light Dependent Stage of Photosynthesis.pdfSemweziEnock1
 
Plant physio photosynthesis
Plant physio photosynthesisPlant physio photosynthesis
Plant physio photosynthesisjoy000 renojo
 
Chapter 10
Chapter 10Chapter 10
Chapter 10ktanaka2
 
Photosynthesis preeti 12th h.sc
Photosynthesis preeti 12th h.scPhotosynthesis preeti 12th h.sc
Photosynthesis preeti 12th h.scPreeti Krishnan
 
AP Bio Ch 7 Photosynthesis PPT
AP Bio Ch 7 Photosynthesis PPTAP Bio Ch 7 Photosynthesis PPT
AP Bio Ch 7 Photosynthesis PPTzernwoman
 
Photosynthesis Chapter/Notes
Photosynthesis Chapter/NotesPhotosynthesis Chapter/Notes
Photosynthesis Chapter/NotesRadhika Saini
 
Unit 6 photosynthesis
Unit 6 photosynthesisUnit 6 photosynthesis
Unit 6 photosynthesistsebishi
 
Unit%201%20 genetics%20nucleic%20acids%20dna[1]
Unit%201%20 genetics%20nucleic%20acids%20dna[1]Unit%201%20 genetics%20nucleic%20acids%20dna[1]
Unit%201%20 genetics%20nucleic%20acids%20dna[1]201146163
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
PhotosynthesisRenjana Pk
 
Photosynthesis light phase
Photosynthesis light phasePhotosynthesis light phase
Photosynthesis light phaseSunita Sangwan
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesiscgales
 

Similar a Why is the rate of photosynthesis often lower than expected (20)

Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis
 
Photosynthesis lecture part 2
Photosynthesis lecture part 2Photosynthesis lecture part 2
Photosynthesis lecture part 2
 
The Light Dependent Stage of Photosynthesis.pdf
The Light Dependent Stage of Photosynthesis.pdfThe Light Dependent Stage of Photosynthesis.pdf
The Light Dependent Stage of Photosynthesis.pdf
 
Plant physio photosynthesis
Plant physio photosynthesisPlant physio photosynthesis
Plant physio photosynthesis
 
Chapter 10
Chapter 10Chapter 10
Chapter 10
 
Photosynthesis preeti 12th h.sc
Photosynthesis preeti 12th h.scPhotosynthesis preeti 12th h.sc
Photosynthesis preeti 12th h.sc
 
Ps12 Manjula Agg
Ps12 Manjula AggPs12 Manjula Agg
Ps12 Manjula Agg
 
AP Bio Ch 7 Photosynthesis PPT
AP Bio Ch 7 Photosynthesis PPTAP Bio Ch 7 Photosynthesis PPT
AP Bio Ch 7 Photosynthesis PPT
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis
 
Photosynthesis Chapter/Notes
Photosynthesis Chapter/NotesPhotosynthesis Chapter/Notes
Photosynthesis Chapter/Notes
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis
 
Ap Bio Ch7 Power Point
Ap Bio Ch7 Power PointAp Bio Ch7 Power Point
Ap Bio Ch7 Power Point
 
Unit 6 photosynthesis
Unit 6 photosynthesisUnit 6 photosynthesis
Unit 6 photosynthesis
 
Unit%201%20 genetics%20nucleic%20acids%20dna[1]
Unit%201%20 genetics%20nucleic%20acids%20dna[1]Unit%201%20 genetics%20nucleic%20acids%20dna[1]
Unit%201%20 genetics%20nucleic%20acids%20dna[1]
 
Unit 6 photosynthesis
Unit 6 photosynthesisUnit 6 photosynthesis
Unit 6 photosynthesis
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis
 
Photosynthesis light phase
Photosynthesis light phasePhotosynthesis light phase
Photosynthesis light phase
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis
 
Photosynthesis 1
Photosynthesis 1Photosynthesis 1
Photosynthesis 1
 

Más de Biology, Utrecht University

Zintuigfysiologie (3) (elektromagnetiche receptoren, zien)
Zintuigfysiologie (3) (elektromagnetiche receptoren, zien)Zintuigfysiologie (3) (elektromagnetiche receptoren, zien)
Zintuigfysiologie (3) (elektromagnetiche receptoren, zien)Biology, Utrecht University
 
Zintuigfysiologie (2) (chemoreceptoren, smaak en geur)
Zintuigfysiologie (2) (chemoreceptoren, smaak en geur)Zintuigfysiologie (2) (chemoreceptoren, smaak en geur)
Zintuigfysiologie (2) (chemoreceptoren, smaak en geur)Biology, Utrecht University
 
Zintuigfysiologie (1) (mechanische receptoren, gehoor)
Zintuigfysiologie (1) (mechanische receptoren, gehoor)Zintuigfysiologie (1) (mechanische receptoren, gehoor)
Zintuigfysiologie (1) (mechanische receptoren, gehoor)Biology, Utrecht University
 

Más de Biology, Utrecht University (20)

Basic concepts
Basic conceptsBasic concepts
Basic concepts
 
Enzymen regulatie
Enzymen regulatieEnzymen regulatie
Enzymen regulatie
 
Enzymen 5e deel
Enzymen 5e deelEnzymen 5e deel
Enzymen 5e deel
 
Enzymen 4e deel
Enzymen 4e deelEnzymen 4e deel
Enzymen 4e deel
 
Enzymen 3e deel
Enzymen 3e deelEnzymen 3e deel
Enzymen 3e deel
 
Enzymen 2e deel
Enzymen 2e deelEnzymen 2e deel
Enzymen 2e deel
 
Enzymen 1e deel
Enzymen 1e deelEnzymen 1e deel
Enzymen 1e deel
 
Gedragsbiologie (2)
Gedragsbiologie (2)Gedragsbiologie (2)
Gedragsbiologie (2)
 
Gedragsbiologie (1)
Gedragsbiologie (1)Gedragsbiologie (1)
Gedragsbiologie (1)
 
Gedragsbiologie (3)
Gedragsbiologie (3)Gedragsbiologie (3)
Gedragsbiologie (3)
 
Gedragsbiologie (4)
Gedragsbiologie (4)Gedragsbiologie (4)
Gedragsbiologie (4)
 
Zintuigfysiologie (3) (elektromagnetiche receptoren, zien)
Zintuigfysiologie (3) (elektromagnetiche receptoren, zien)Zintuigfysiologie (3) (elektromagnetiche receptoren, zien)
Zintuigfysiologie (3) (elektromagnetiche receptoren, zien)
 
Zintuigfysiologie (2) (chemoreceptoren, smaak en geur)
Zintuigfysiologie (2) (chemoreceptoren, smaak en geur)Zintuigfysiologie (2) (chemoreceptoren, smaak en geur)
Zintuigfysiologie (2) (chemoreceptoren, smaak en geur)
 
Zintuigfysiologie (1) (mechanische receptoren, gehoor)
Zintuigfysiologie (1) (mechanische receptoren, gehoor)Zintuigfysiologie (1) (mechanische receptoren, gehoor)
Zintuigfysiologie (1) (mechanische receptoren, gehoor)
 
Ethiek en dierproeven voor onderwijs
Ethiek en dierproeven voor onderwijsEthiek en dierproeven voor onderwijs
Ethiek en dierproeven voor onderwijs
 
Zenuwstelsel
ZenuwstelselZenuwstelsel
Zenuwstelsel
 
Plantenbiologie college 2 deel 2
Plantenbiologie college 2 deel 2Plantenbiologie college 2 deel 2
Plantenbiologie college 2 deel 2
 
Plantenbiologie college 2 deel 1
Plantenbiologie college 2 deel 1Plantenbiologie college 2 deel 1
Plantenbiologie college 2 deel 1
 
Plantenbiologie college 11
Plantenbiologie college 11Plantenbiologie college 11
Plantenbiologie college 11
 
Plantenbiologie college 1 deel 1
Plantenbiologie college 1 deel 1Plantenbiologie college 1 deel 1
Plantenbiologie college 1 deel 1
 

Why is the rate of photosynthesis often lower than expected

  • 1.  
  • 2. Why is the rate of photosynthesis so much lower than expected ?
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. 2. The fate of light:
  • 6. 2b. Absorptance of a chlorophyll solution: Abosorption chlorophyll at blue and red wavelengths
  • 7. 2b. Absorptance of a chlorophyll solution: Abosorption chlorophyll at blue and red wavelengths
  • 8. 2c. Absorptance of a leaf: 400 500 600 700 800 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 absorptance transmittance Fraction Wavelength (nm)  Wavelength dependency whole-leaf absorption less severe than chlorophyll solution
  • 9. 400 500 600 700 800 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 Absorptance Wavelength (nm) 400 500 600 700 800 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 Transmittance Wavelength (nm) air oil oil air DeLucia et al, 1996 Air-filled intercellulair spaces allow for internal reflectance  more absorptance light
  • 12. 4. CO 2 supply: = CO 2 compensatie punt
  • 13. 4b. CO 2 extern > CO 2 intern CO 2 intern depends on stomatal opening and stomatal density
  • 14. 4c. A-c i curve:
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. 5b. Photorespiration Phosphoglycolate + O 2 + ATP -> PGA + CO 2 + ADP + 2Pi G3P G3P G3P G3P G3P Chloroplast  peroxisome  mitochondria  peroxisome  chloroplast Fotorespiratie dus noodzakelijk om C 2 (PG) te regenereren
  • 18. 6. Morpholoigcal & Physiological variation - Low- and high-light leaves: High light - thick leaf Many chloroplasts m -2  High [Rubisco] m -2 Low light - thin leaf Fewer chloroplasts m -2  Low [Rubisco] m -2
  • 21. 6c. Light harvesting – low light vs. high light leaves Low light: Increase antennae for enhanced light harvesting
  • 22. 6c. Light harvesting – low light vs. high light leaves Low light: Increase antennae for enhanced light harvesting
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 26.

Notas del editor

  1. Licht wordt gedeeltelijk gereflecteerd of valt door het blad heen.
  2. Absorptie van een chlorofyloplossing is heel sterk bij blauw en rood licht en vertoont een sterke dip bij 550 nm, bekend verhaal
  3. Absorptie van een chlorofyloplossing is heel sterk bij blauw en rood licht en vertoont een sterke dip bij 550 nm, bekend verhaal
  4. Absorptie van een blad laat een veel minder sterke dip bij groen licht zien. Hoe kan dat nou??
  5. Quantum yield is de helling van de PS-I curve bij hele lage LI
  6. Quantum yield is de helling van de PS-I curve bij hele lage LI
  7. Fotosynthese afhankelijk van CO2 concentratie rond blad. Rode pijl is ambient. Maar eigenlijk zitten de stomata als regulerende factor tussen.
  8. Co2 intern lager dan extern door barriere van epidermis. Stomata zijnde ingang, maar dat is een beperking
  9. In het begin volgen de punten de MM kinetiek, maar daarna niet meer. Hierbij is de lichtlimitatie bereikt. Dat de punten toch nog iets doorstijgen komt door fotorespiratie
  10. Rubisco gaat vreemd.
  11. Rubisco gaat vreemd.
  12. If only one third of the Rubisco reactions are oxygenations (a realistic, even conservative figure), no profit is made by the Calvin cycle. This means the phosphoglycolate must be remetabolised. (http://www.steve.gb.com/science/photorespiration.html)
  13. Q: kun je dit verklaren?  LL<HL bij veel licht, maar LL>HL bij weinig licht. Hoe wordt dat gestuurd? LL: veel slimme light harvesting, weinig rubisco.
  14. Q: kun je dit verklaren?  LL<HL bij veel licht, maar LL>HL bij weinig licht. Hoe wordt dat gestuurd? LL: veel slimme light harvesting, weinig rubisco.