Globally, educational systems are adopting new technologies to integrate ICT in the teaching and learning process, to prepare students with the knowledge and skills they need in their subject matter. In this way the teaching profession is evolving from teacher-centered to student-centered learning environments. ICT integration is understood as the usage of technology seamlessly for educational processes like transacting curricular content and students working on technology to do authentic tasks. Nowadays ICT facilitate not only the delivery of lessons but also the learning process itself. This includes computer based technologies, digital imaging, the internet, file servers, data storage devices, network infrastructure, desktops, laptops and broadcasting technologies namely radio and television, and telephone which are used as instructional tools at schools.

1. ICT Integration in Education
Boutkhil Guemide
University Mohammed Boudiaf,
M’sila
Algeria

2. Course Outline
INTRODUCTION
Definition of ICT
Characteristics of ICT
Benefits of ICT in education
Importance of ICT in School
ICT Tools and digital technology
ICT Architecture & Infrastructure
ICT in School
Educational ICT tools
Challenges using ICT at school

3. INTRODUCTION
Today's world is knowledge- based; it totally
depends on exchanging information rapidly.
Countries that are equipped with the technology and
knowledge to participate in the new electronic world
are major players in its socio- cultural and economic
developments.
Technology's ability and relevance can support the
teaching/ and learning.
ICTs can bring benefits on learner interaction and
motivation.
Type of technology- supported education/ and
learning: The medium of instruction is through
computer technology, and particularly involving
digital technologies.
UNESCO: Education For All.
The World Education Forum (UNESCO, 2002): The
important role of information and communication
technologies.

4. Definition of ICT
Information and
Communication Technologies,
Different technological tools
and resources used to
communicate, create,
disseminate, store, and
manage information”,
Computers, the Internet,
broadcasting technologies.

5. ICTs: High- tech devices,
such as computers and
software,
Technologies used to transmit,
store, create, share, or
exchange information (radio,
television, DVD, telephone,
satellite systems, computers,
networks, hardware, software,
video- conferencing, and

6. The British Computer Society:
The scientific, technological and engineering
disciplines and the management techniques
used in information handling, processing,
and disseminating; their applications;
computers, networking and communication
and their integration with men and
machines; and associated social, economic
and cultural matter.
Turban et al. (2005): ‘Information Technology is
an organization's collection of information
resources, their users, and the management that
oversees them; includes the IT infrastructure
and all other information systems in the
organization’.

7. ICT- Characteristics

8. Benefits of ICT in education
ICT offers support to make school more productive,
ICT services network allow learners and teachers to save
work on their own, and share resources with others,
ICT classrooms’ equipment help learners to learn
digitally, save pensile- paper, and encourage them to
involve in classroom activities.
ICT prepares students to participate in a rapidly
changing world: Work and other activities are
transformed by access to varied and developing
technology,
Learners use ICT tools to find, explore, analyze,
exchange and present information creatively,
Learners know how to employ ICT to access to ideas and
experiences from a wide range of people, communities,
and cultures,
ICT promotes initiative and independent learning: Being
able to make informed judgments about when and
where to use ICT to best effect.

9. Multi-
sensory
delivery
• Text
• Graphics
• Animation
• Sound
• Video
Active
Learning
• Enhanced learner
interest
Cooperative
Learning
• Positive group
• Social interaction
Communication
Skills
• One-to-one
• One-to-many
• Many-to-many
Multicultural
education
• Link students across the
country/ around the world
Motivation
• Greater learner
engagement

10. Importance of ICT in School
The development of ICT has
introduced four powerful
worldwide changes that have
altered the business
environment, Organizations or
societies that do not respond
to these changes will not be
able to survive and prosper in
the new business
environment.

11. ICTs
Globalisaion
Information/
Knowledge
Society
Business
Digital
Organizations

12. The widespread use of ICT has influenced
education.
Erdogan (2009):
Many countries consider ICT as a
potential tool for change and innovation
in the education field …, they make
large investments in the integration of
ICT in schools. For example, Europe
and Central Asia allocate 22% of their
budget to ICT.
Kozma & Anderson (2002) believed that for an
economy to be knowledgeable education should
be its primary necessity. Simultaneously, the
teaching strategies in schools are bending
towards ICT. This change towards ICT has been
very dramatic.

13. ICTs
Students
Teachers
Administrators

14. Students
• Looking for answers to their questions on
the internet
• Having more possibilities to be employed
• Enabling students to move to higher- order
thinking
• Developing constructive thinking skills
• Enhancing student understanding
• Becoming knowledgeable
Teachers
• Facilitator/ Coach
• Fruitful teachings
• Framework for improving
teaching
Administrators
• Use of automated systems
• Important tool in research, library,
documentation, etc.

15. Making learning more interesting:
Understanding critical issues,
Bridging distances: Using e- mails, phone,
video- conferencing etc.
Breaking literacy barriers in communication:
Using interactive videos,
Research and useful Information sharing:
Using Internet,
Creating of new employment opportunities
(via ICTs/ with ICTs),
Enhancing interaction with peers over long
distance,
Creating entertainment opportunities
(games, music, video),
Providing educational information (distance
learning),

16. ICT Tools and digital technology

19. ICT Architecture & Infrastructure
ICT architecture: The building’s
architecture.
It serves as a broad blueprint for acquiring,
developing, implementing, and integrating
ICT in order to support the business
functions and strategies of an organization.
Services and processes,
Information and data,
Specific technology products that are
deployed and integrated,
Technical standards for building systems.
ICT Infrastructure: The means to support
and manage both ICT resources and
services in the organization.

21. Computer hardware
Computer software
Communication
Technology
Data

22. ICT in School
Widespread use of technology: It is important
that children can grow with the knowledge and
skills to use it.
Via technology: Knowledge is free and available.
The survival skills of 21st century learning:
 Critical thinking and problem solving,
 Collaboration across networks,
 Agility and adaptability,
 Initiative,
 Effective oral and written communication,
 Accessing and analyzing Information,
 Curiosity and imagination,
The importance of ICT to education as a sector is
far greater than the consideration of ICT as a
discrete knowledge based subject, and it should be
seen as such.

24. Embedded technology schools:
Schools which demonstrate effective
and embedded use of ICT do
transcend the knowledge based
learning agenda. Staff and pupils are
confident with skills and ICT use,
Available technology schools:
Technological tools are available, but
not yet used and fully exploited for
various resons,
Knowledge Society: “know what”,
“know why”, “know how” and “know
who”.

25. Schools that are confident with
technology are moving away from
knowledge- based curricula.
Adopting programmes which focus on
“Learning to learn” and “Enquiry- based
learning”: Learning moves away from
simple subject knowledge to higher level
thinking skills in all subjects.
Delivering what society and business
want to see in the 21st century education
system.
No excessive concentration on ICT skills,
but allowing these skills to support the
delivery of a much wider and more
relevant curriculum.

26. ICT
Potential
Access
Efficiency
Learning
Teaching
Skill
Formation
Lifelong
Learning
Planning &
Management
Community
Linkages

28. Educational ICT tools
Roblyer and Edwards: The use of ICT in education has
evolved from two main approaches, namely behaviorist and
constructivist instructional methods.
The integration of ICT in teaching and learning: A
medium in which a variety of methods, approaches, and
pedagogical philosophies are implemented and used.
The effectiveness of ICT: How and why it is applied and
integrated.
Taylor (1980) stated that ICT usage is classified to tutor,
tool, and tutee.
Tutorial programmes: Leading learners step- by- step
through drill and practice.
Using technology: Tutorials, or explanatory programmes
helping learners to solve learning problems.
ICTs: Tools where students programme the computers in
order to gain more understanding.
Integrating different ICT tools and applications in teaching
and learning.

31. Barriers in using ICT at school
As Schoepp defined, ‘a barrier is considered as any
condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to
achieve an aim’.
Barriers: Preventing teachers to employ ICTs in the
classroom, or develop supporting materials,
The process of using ICT in everyday education is very
complicated.
ICT supporting teaching and learning is not problem- free.
Barriers: Teacher-level barriers Vs. school-level
barriers.
Becta: Barriers are basically classified on whether they
refer to individual (teacher-level barriers), such as lack of
confidence, shortage of time, and resistance to change, or
to the institution (school-level barriers), such as lack of
effective training in solving technical problems and lack of
access to resources,
Balanskat et al.:
Micro level barriers: Related to teachers’ attitudes and
approaches to ICT,
Meso level barriers: Related to the institutional context.