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Linking migration, forest and gender in Burkina Faso
1. Linking migration, forest and gender in Burkina Faso
Houria Djoudi (CIFOR), Catherine Pehou (CIFOR), Mathurin Zida (CIFOR)
2. Introduction
Migration as an emerging issue
In the context of remittances and
development
Migration and environment,
particularly the impact on natural
resources (land use changes,
forests,..etc) is less considered
3. Migratory systems
• Human fluxes (1 or 2 ways
movements, circular
movements)
• Fluxes in goods and/or in
services, knowledge
and/or institutions
• Leads to new exchanges in
different entities
• Social networks (reciprocity
principals)
• Focusses not only monetary
fluxes
• Embedded into cultural
identities in some areas like
the Sahel
5. Kassol
o
W 002°06’59,3" N
11°31’36,0"
Strong presence of former
migrants who have obtained
access to land (higher
integration)
Pien W 001°58’16,0" N
11°04’23,2«
Strong presence of migrants;
without access (low levels of
integration)
Nebou W 001°52’07,0 "N 11°19’00,6"
Strong presence of migrants
and new forms of access
Study Area
The main ethnic groups:
Gurunsi/Nuni (indigenous, less than 50% of population)
Mossi and Fulani (migrants, 50-90% of population)
6. The context
• Agriculture related migration
(intensification, cotton..etc)
• Drought related migration
• Livestock related mobility
(transhumance)
Sedentarisation in the central
part of Burkina Faso
7. The food tree based agroforestry
system (parklands, Parkia and
Shea butter trees)
Mosaic landscapes to fulfil
multiple livelihood
objectives
Food trees in agriculture
fields, fallows to restore soil
fertility
Complex access rules
according to gender, class
and ethnical affiliation (tree
tenure versus land tenure)
8. Objective, Methods, Study Area
• Qualitative and quantitative
methods
• Direct observations of
harvesting practices and
participation in the harvest
period
• Survey with 180 women
(migrant and non migrant)
• Gurunsi/Nuni (indigenous)
• Mossi and Fulani (migrants,
over 30 years)
9. African locust been tree (Parkia Biglobosa)
• Safety net role (women)
• Food security,
• Regulating services (soil
fertility)
• Cultural services
11. Strategies to cope with the lack of
access
«Illegal» harvesting
(54%)
Secondary harvesters
(32%)
Harvesters in the
protected forest areas
(7%)
Provider of harvest
services (7%)
15. Understand pattern of international migration and
linkgage to gender and the use of forest
Target groups: households affected by migration
and the returnees
Mitiéridougou Sanmatenga Camp Mossi TOTAL
Migrants internes 0 50 54 104
Migrants
internationaux
0 50 46
96
Autochtones 100 0 0 100
TOTAL 100 100 100 300
Objectives and methods
16.
17. For the second study we are in the
process of finalising data analysis
regarding
• Demography of migration
• Changes in Households labour
pattern (gender)
• Remittences flows
18. Mobility and migration systems in
policies, interventions and
programms related to natural
ressource management?
In a more general way linking food
security and rights?
Migration as a livelihood and
adaptive strategy.
Conclusions