IN AMHARIC. English version at: http://www.slideshare.net/CIMMYT/casfesa-project-results-lessons-gaps-opportunities-and-challenges-mjaleta Presentation at a one-day workshop on February 23, 2015, convened to take stock of the Conservation Agriculture and Smallholder Farmers in East and Southern Africa (CASFESA) pilot project. CASFESA scientists share experience after three years of implementation in South Achefer and Jebitehnan Districts of Amhara Region, Northern Ethiopia, from June 2012, ending in March 2015. Funded by the European Union through the International Fund for Agricultural Development, CASFESA aimed at increasing food security and incomes of poor smallholder farmers through sustainable intensification of mixed, cereal-based systems. The project will leave a rich legacy, including: • adaptation and demonstration of CA-based technologies on selected farmer plots; • enhancing pro-poor and gender-sensitive targeting of CA-based interventions; • improving the delivery of information, including on technologies and market opportunities to smallholders, as well as developing policy options and recommendations that favor these technologies; and, • enhancing the capacity of research, and development interventions, for project stakeholders.

1. uCASFESA ýaË¡ƒ ¾}Ñ–<
¬Ö?„‹&}V¡a°‹& }ÓÇa„‹“ Ø ›Ò×U°‹
V+ ÍKz&ØLÂ }/¨MÉ& ¯KS< „KT]ÁU&
eS–¬ zHT ! ¾iªe ØLG<”& G/T]ÁU ›có
¾"+ƒ 2007
vI`Ç`

2. T¬Ý
• ¾°kv Ów`“ S`J‹
• ¾›`f›Åa‹ ¾›S^[ƒ ²Ãu?
• ¾CASFESA ýaË¡ƒ ¯LT“ ¡”¬”
• ª“ ª“ Ó˜„‹/}V¡a°‹
• }ÓÇa„‹“ SM"U ›Ò×T>°‹
• TÖnKÁ

3. ¾°kv Ów`“ ›"Lƒ/components
• dÁ`c</u›”É e”Ön w‰ S´^ƒ
• cwM” uewØ`/uTð^[p S´^ƒ (uqKA” ŸØ^Ø_ cwKA‹
Ò`)
• ¾uqKA }[ð U[ƒ”/n`UÁ” uTd Là Tek[ƒ/ ›ð`” Sgð”

4. ¾›`f ›Å }V¡a U” ÃSeLM;
(ŸÇcd Ø“ƒ ¾}Ñ–)

5. ¨[Ç w³ƒ
ÖpLL ¾uqKA Td
SÖ”(H@`) uewØ` ¾}gð’ uS„—
Å.›†ð` 292 176.71 4.0 2
Íu=ÖI“” 278 142.59 6.25 4
ÖpLL 570 319.30 10.25 3
Åu<w ›†ð` , uª’—’ƒ ¾T>cvÖ` cwM - ÔS” ²`
Íu=ÖI“” , uª’—’ƒ ¾T>cvÖ` cwM - xKAo
¾uqKA Td uewØ` ¾}gð’ (2004/5)
uewØ` LÃ ÁK }V¡a

6. ¾U`ƒ ²S” Å.›†ð` Íu=ÖI“”
2004/5 2005/6 2006/7 ¾Td SÖ” (H@`)
uS„—
¾Td SÖ” (H@`)
uS„—
uqKA uqKA uqKA 55.89 31.63 42.88 30.07
K?KA‹ K?KA‹ uqKA 54.94 31.09 37.65 26.40
uqKA K?KA‹ uqKA 48.44 27.41 43.22 30.31
K?KA‹ uqKA uqKA 17.44 9.87 18.85 13.22
uuqKA ¾}gð’ ÖpLL Td(H@`) 176.71 142.59
Åu<w ›†ð`, uª’—’ƒ ¾T>ð^[p cwM- ÇÑ<d
Ëu=ÖI“”, uª’—’ƒ ¾T>ð^[p cwM- u`u_
Tð^[p LÃ ÁK }V¡a

7. ÁK ÉÓÓVi ˆ`h (›”É e”Ön)
¾}KSÅ •¾ÉÓÓVi ˆ[h
G<K~U ²È°‹ ²Lp’ƒ” uT[ÒÑØ ²<`Á ð}“°‹ ›K<v†¬::
¾ÉÓÓVi ˆ`h
7
Åu<w ›†ð`: 28% ¾uqKA Td

8. }[ð U`ƒ” Td Là Tek[ƒ
• ÑKv/n`T>Á ÁMk[Kƒ Td
• ¾uqKA }[ð U`ƒ ²`ð w²< ÖkT@z ›K¬
8

9. ¾CASFESA ýaË¡ƒ
• ¯LT: ¾°kv Ów`“ S`J‹” uSÖkU U`•zT’ƒ” uTdÅÓ
¾›`f›Å” ¾UÓw ªeƒ“ T[ÒÑØ
• u›=ƒÄåÁ&uŸ?”Á “ uTL© ›Ñ^ƒ
• Ÿ›¬aû Iw[ƒ u›KTkõ ¾Ów`“ MTƒ ð”É/IFAD/ uŸ<M
u}Ñ–¬ ¾Ñ”²w ÉÒõ
• CIMMYT, ARARI, ¨[Ç Ów`“ î/u?ƒ uS}vu`

10. ¾ CASFESA ýaË¡ƒ ¡”¬”
• ŸG<K~U ¨[Ç°‹ 15 uýaË¡~ ¾•zkñƒ”“ 15 ÁMzkñƒ” ”®<e
kuK?°‹ u°× }S[Ö<
• u}S[Ö<ƒ ”®<e kuK?°‹ õnÅ— ŸJ’< ›`f ›Åa‹ Ò` ¾°kv
Ów`“ W[„ TdÁ }²ÒË (23T@ X 23T@)
• K›`f ›Åa‹“ KÓw`“ vKS<Á°‹ eK W`„ TdÁ¬ Td“ S[Í ›ÁÁ´
YMÖ“ SeÖƒ
• ¾T>ÁeðMÑ<ƒ” Ów›„‹/²`&TÇu]Á&ì[-›[U& S`Ý TŸóðM

11. ¾c`„ TdÁ ›kTSØ
1T@ 10 T@ 1 T@ 10 T@ 1 T@
uqKA ÁKˆ`h uewØ`
uqKA uˆ`h uewØ`
10 T@
1T@
uqKA w‰¬” ÁKˆ`h uqKA w‰¬” uˆ`h10 T@
1 T@

12. ¾ CASFESA ýaË¡ƒ ¡”¬” (2)
• ¾Ñu_” u¯M u}S^T]¬ ›`f ›Å` Td Là uT²Ò˃ ¾›Ÿvu=¬
›`f›Åa‹ eK °kv Ów`“ ˆ”ÇÉTT/ ˆ”ɨÁ¿ TÉ[Ó
• Ÿ›`f›Åa‹ K?L Ów›ƒ ›p^u=°‹ •ˆ”ÉÑ–< }Å[ѪM
ˆ’²=I” ’Ña‹ KZeƒ }Ÿzzà ¾U`ƒ ²S” uTŸ“¨” KKA‹ ›`f›Åa‹
u^d†¬ Td Là ˆ”É}Ñwƒ Tu[zzƒ“ S<Á© ˆÑ³ }Å`ѪM

13. uÑu_ u¯M Là ¾}d}ñ ›`f ›Åa‹ w³ƒ
ï•z 2004/5 2005/6 2006/7 ÖpLL
Å.›†ð`
¨ 265 264 48 577
c? 7 16 2 25
Ö 272 280 50 602
Íu=ÖI“”
¨ 656 522 306 1484
c? 49 152 122 323
Ö 705 674 428 1807

15. ¾}Ñ’–< ª“ ª“ Ó˜„‹/}V¡a°‹(Å.›†ð`)
0
10
20
30
40
50
2004/5 2005/6 2006/7
›T"þuqKAU`ƒ
(Ÿ=.Ó/100T@2)
¾U`ƒ ²S”
uqKA w‰¬” u›`h
uqKA w‰¬” ÁK›`h

16. ¾}Ñ’–< ª“ ª“ Ó˜„‹/}V¡a°‹(Å.›†ð`)
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
2004/5 2005/6 2006/7
›T"þuqKA
U`ƒ(Ÿ=.Ó/100T@2)
¾U`ƒ ²S”
u›`h“ uewØ`
ÁK›`h uewØ`

17. ª“ ª“ Ó˜„‹/}V¡a°‹ (Å.›†ð`)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2004/5 2005/6 2006/7
›T"þuqKAU`ƒ(Ÿ=.Ó/100T@2
¾U`ƒ ²S”
uqKA w‰¬” u›`h
uqKA w‰¬” ÁK›`h
u›`h“ uewØ`
ÁK›`h uewØ`

18. ª“ ª“ Ó˜„‹/}V¡a°‹ (Íu=ÖI“”)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2004/5 2005/6 2006/7
›T"þuqKAU`ƒ(Ÿ=.Ó/100T@2
¾U`ƒ ²S”
uqKA w‰¬” u›`h
uqKA w‰¬” ÁK›`h

19. ª“ ª“ Ó˜„‹/}V¡a°‹ (Íu=ÖI“”)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2004/5 2005/6 2006/7
›T"þuqKAU`ƒ(Ÿ=.Ó/100T@2)
¾U`ƒ ²S”
u›`h“ uewØ`
ÁK›`h uewØ`

20. ª“ ª“ Ó˜„‹/}V¡a°‹(Íu=ÖI“”)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2004/5 2005/6 2006/7
›T"þuqKAU`ƒ(Ÿ=.Ó/100T@2
¾U`ƒ ²S”
uqKA w‰¬” u›`h
uqKA w‰¬” ÁK›`h
u›`h“ uewØ`
ÁK›`h uewØ`

21. ¾°kv Ów`“ ›ªß’ƒ
(Åu<w ›†ð`)

22. Items
Total plots
(N=590)
Min- tillage plots
(N=158)
Conv. tillage plots
(N=432)
Mean Mean Mean
Revenue
Revenue from maize production
(Birr/ha)a 8,833.22 10,739.93*** 8,135.86
Variable costs
Seed cost (Birr/ha) 487.89 648.84** 420.53
Fertilizer cost (Birr/ha) 3,811.11 4,619.12*** 3,515.59
Herbicide cost (Birr/ha) 233.91 898.71*** 0.00
Labor cost (Birr/ha) 1,467.16 1,145.10 1,584.95***
Oxen-days (Birr/ha) 705.84 278.32 860.47***
Total Variable costs
(Birr/ha)b 6,571.94 7,370.25*** 6,275.10
Gross margin (Birr/ha)(a-b) 2,216.73 3,229.74*** 1,846.23
Gross return on investment (Birr/ha)(a/b) 1.34 1.46 1.30
Gross margin analysis in maize production by tillage
Note: Average maize grain price was 4.00Birr/kg; opportunity cost of labor and oxen-power was assumed as 20 Birr/AE/day and 50 Birr/pair of
oxen/ha, respectively.
***, **, and * are significantly different from the other group mean at 1%, 5% and 10%, respectively

23. u›=ƒÄåÁ K°kv Ów`“ }eTT> ¾J’ S_ƒ
• ÖpLL Kˆ`h ¾ªK, 17,792,600 H@/`
• vL†¬ Y’-Ièz©.òe"M “ TIu^© ›=¢•T> ÖkT@z ™«äT K°kv Ów`“ uŸõ}— G<’@•z
}eTT> ¾J’ Kˆ`h ¾ªK S_ƒ eóƒ 821,006 H@/` (4.6%)
U”ß: ¡”È }eó“ K?KA‹ 2015: ›=¢KAÍ=“M T“ÏS”ƒ

24. }ÓÇa„‹
24
Mp ÓÙi“ }[ð U`ƒ” Td Là ›KTek[ƒ

25. }ÓÇa„‹ (2)
• ¾TÇÑ` MTÉ
– Ÿ°kv Ów`“ Ò` ÁKSH@É
– Ø^Ø_” KTcvÖ` U‡ ›KSJ”
– ¾}¡KA‹” lØ` Sk’e/Sddƒ
25

26. }ÓÇa„‹ (3)
• KU°/ÔÍU ›"vu= ¾T>eTT KewØ`
¾T>J” ¾}hhK ¾Ø^Ø_ ´`Á ¬e”’ƒ
– uU`•••••zT’ƒ
– uiz« uSssU
• KewØ` ¾T>”ÖkT†¬ Ø^Ø_°‹ ¾S´`Á
¨pƒ” uƒ¡¡M KÄ ›KT¨p

27. }ÓÇa„‹ (4)
uqKA u°kv Ów`“ Ÿ}²^ uGªL ´“w K[ÏU k“ƒ "s[Ö ² K¨ö‹
ukLK< }ÒLß SJ”
27

28. ¾d` ›[U u¡[Uƒ ¨pƒ KS•’ƒ ÁÑKÓLM::
28
¾›`f ›Å` Td Å.›†ð`
dÕz[e u}²^ ¾uqKA Td ¬eØ ¾d`
›[V‹ ¾}KSÆ “†¬::

29. ¾}hhK ´]Á+ TÇu`Á
+ °kv Ów`“
+ T”£ðòÁ + ›ÃS`Ö? + u•ˆÏ ¾•z[S
¾›`f ›Å` Td Å.›†ð`
• T”£ðòÁ SÖkU
• ÁKewØ` S´^ƒ

30. SM"U ›Ò×T>°‹
• Ÿ›ð`“ ¬H °kv/Øun Ò` u}ÁÁ² uMp Ó•Ùi ›ÖnkU LÃ
¾TIu[cw ›kõ S}ÇÅ`Á Å”w S•`
 ¾U`ƒ TdÅÑ>Á Ów›ƒ ›p^u=°‹ u›Ÿvu=¬ S•`
(¿’>¾”/’ÒÈ)
 ¾°kv Ów`“ /ÅÒÓV ÁKT[e/ }V¡a/MUÉ uÅu<w ›†ð`
S•`

31. TÖnKÁ
• ¾°kv Ów`“ K›`f›Åa‹ u›T^ß’ƒ u=k`w ›=¢•T>Á© ÖkT@z
›K¬::
• •ˆ¾}}Ñu[ ÁK¬ ¾ zero tillage Ów`“ ²Lm’ƒ” uT>Á[ÒÓØ SMŸ<
Me}"ŸM ÃÑvM::
• ¾°kv Ów`“” KTeóóƒ K°kv Ów`“ ¾T>¬K< Ów¯„‹ K›`f›Åa‹
}Å^i TÉ[Ó ÁeðMÒM::
• k×Ã’ƒ ÁK¬ U`U` u°kv Ów`“ ²<`Á/u}KÃU uØ^Ø_ cwKA‹
ewØ` ²<`Á/ ƒŸ<[ƒ ÃhM::

32. 32
ˆ“ScÓ“K”!