An overview of CLEEN's Carbon Capture and Storage (CCSP) research program

2. What is Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)?
• CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) is one of the few
technologies that can achieve a considerable reduction of
industrial CO2 emissions
• The concept of CCS includes
– capture of CO2 produced by a power plant or an
industrial plant
– transportation of CO2 to a suitable storage site, and
– permanent storage of CO2 (underground or as inert
carbonates) in isolation from the atmosphere

3. What is Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)?

4. Source: IEA Energy Technology Perspectives 2010
CCS could provide ~20% of the solution
for climate change mitigation

5. CCS in Finland?
• Potential for 15-30%
reduction of CO2 emissions
by CCS
• Most emission sources on the
coast line, distances large 
favors ship transport
• North Sea and Barents Sea
closest verified storage sites
• CCS would cost 40-120 €/t
CO2 avoided
[VTT 2010]

6. Carbon Capture and Storage Program (CCSP)
• The objective for the Carbon Capture and Storage R&D Program
(CCSP) is to develop CCS-related technologies and concepts,
leading to essential pilots and demonstrations by the end of the
program.
• A further objective is to create a strong scientific basis for the
development of CCS technology, concepts and frameworks, and to
establish active, international CCS co-operation.
• Key facts
– Program duration: 2011-2015
– 17 industrial partners, 9 research partners
– Volume: ~3 M€/a
• http://www.cleen.fi/en/ccsp

7. Research areas of CCSP
1. CCS concepts
– CHP (Combined Heat and
Power)
– Other industries
– Bio-CCS
2. Capture solutions
– Oxy-fuel combustion
– Looping technologies
– Post-combustion capture
– Emission measurements
3. Transport of CO2 and
intermediate storages
4. Storage solutions
– CO2 storage capacity
assessment of the Baltic Sea
– Storage monitoring
– Mineralisation
5. New ways to utilize CO2
– Algae cultivation
– Fuel components
– Inorganic carbonates
6. Regulatory compliance,
acceptability of CCS and other
common aspects

9. New methods for detecting solvent
emissions from CO2 capture plants
(Ramboll)
• Lower detection
limits than competing
laboratories
• Method awarded
FINAS accreditation
in 2013

10. New seismic monitoring sensors for CO2
storage built and tested (Vibrometric)
Fixing poles
Ship/boat
Steel wire for system
sustainability
Power feed
cable
Gravitational (sea-
bottom) sensors
Cable
Platforms for
SUMMITs digitizers
Laptop

11. New seismic monitoring sensors for CO2
storage built and tested (Vibrometric)

12. Test facility for hydrodynamics in chemical
looping combustion built and in operation
(VTT)

13. New tool for comparison of CCS concepts (VTT)

14. New tool for comparison of CCS concepts (VTT)

16. Lab-pilot for a process converting
steelmaking slag and CO2 into calcium
carbonate constructed
(Aalto)

17. Techno-economic evaluations: significant
reductions in CO2 emissions possible for
steel industry using CCS

18. Comprehensive models related to various
CO2 capture processes developed (LUT,
Aalto, VTT)

19. A first estimate on the geological storage
potential of CO2 in the Baltic Sea (together
with Swedish CCS project)

20. International CCS network activities
coordinated in CCSP
• IEA GHG ExCo
• IEA CCS
• Zero Emission Platform (ZEP)
• EERA CCS
• NordiCCS
• EASAC 
• CO2GeoNet, CGS Europe
• Gas union
• EU MUSTANG
http://www.easac.eu/home/press-releases/detail-view/article/is-carbon-ca.html

21. For more information:
• Homepage:
http://www.cleen.fi/en/ccsp
• Mid-term report:
http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/tech
nology/2013/T125.pdf
• Contact:
sebastian.teir@vtt.fi