4. Some types of things that rocks can tell us
about our planet as well as other planets
are:
1. Was there a lake or a volcano present
where the rock was found?
2. Was there a mountain range or a sea?
3. Was it hot or cold?
4. Was the atmosphere thick or thin?
5. ROCK
is a naturally occurring
aggregate or combination
of minerals and
mineraloids
6. PETROLOGY
the branch of science
concerned with the origin,
small-scale structure, and
composition of rocks.
14. TYPES OF ROCKS
SEDIMENTARY
-Accumulate on Earth’s surface
in a process called deposition.
-Combination of the products of
weathering and erosion and
organic materials.
20. TYPES OF ROCKS
METAMORPHIC
-Are formed from the exposure of
sedimentary or igneous rocks to a
high pressure, high temperature or
both within Earth’s surface
-Have distinct foliation
21. TYPES OF ROCKS
METAMORPHIC
-Protolith – “original rock” which
can either be igneous or
sedimentary rocks
-Undergo metamorphism
alteration of the composition or
structure of a rock by heat,
pressure, or other natural agency.
32. MINERALS – each mineral is
unique but they generally exhibit the
following characteristic:
- Naturally occurring chemical
compounds.
- They are mostly inorganic
- Homogeneous solids
- Definite chemical compositions which
can be describe by a chemical formula.
- Structures arranges atoms in crystalline
pattern.
33. MINERALOGY – is the study
of minerals, crystal structure and
their physical and optical
properties.
Ores are concentrations of minerals
in rock that are high enough to be
economically extracted for use.
41. MOH SCALE OF HARDNESS
INDEX MINERAL SCALE
Diamond 10
Corundum 9
Topaz 8
Quartz 7
Orthoclase 6
Apatite 5
Flourite 4
Calcite 3
Gypsum 2
Talc 1
The Mohs' hardness scale was
developed in 1822 by
Frederich Mohs. This scale is
a chart of relative hardness of
the various minerals
(1 - softest to 10 - hardest).
42. The Girl Came From
An Old Quiet Town
Called Dagupan.
62. LUSTER
– quality of light on the
surface of rock, crystal or
mineral.
-A mineral is very
reflective
63. TYPES OF LUSTER
Metallic Luster is for minerals that are
opaque and reflective and have the look of
polished metal.
64. TYPES OF LUSTER
Nonmetallic Luster is the type of luster for
minerals that do not look metallic.
a. Dull luster - is also known as 'earthy' and is used to
describe minerals that have poor reflectivity. The
surface of minerals with dull luster is coarse and
porous.
b. Adamantine - Minerals that have remarkable shine
and brilliance and have the hard look of a diamond are
called adamantine.
c. Vitreous - reflective property of minerals with
vitreous luster is similar to that of glass.
d. Greasy type of luster can be found in minerals
that look like they were coated with oil or grease.
65. SPECIFIC GRAVITY
– measure for relative
density of a mineral. It is
determined by comparing
its relative mass to water.
