2. With the explosion of the public Internet and e-commerce, private
computers, and computer networks, if not adequately secured, are
increasingly vulnerable to damaging attacks. Hackers, viruses, vindictive
employees and even human error all represent clear and present dangers to
networks. And all computer users, from the most casual Internet surfers to
large enterprises, could be affected by network security breaches. However,
security breaches can often be easily prevented. How?

3. When setting up a network, whether it is a local area network (LAN), virtual
LAN (VLAN), or wide area network (WAN), it is important to initially set the
fundamental security policies. Security policies are rules that are
electronically programmed and stored within security equipment to control
such areas as access privileges. Of course, security policies are also written
or verbal regulations by which an organization operates or your home. In
addition, companies must decide who is responsible for enforcing and
managing these policies and determine how employees are informed of the
rules and watch guards. At home, you are responsible for security policies.

7. Can you point out in
the picture, of
security policies
who were violated

9. VIOLATIONS RISK SUGGESTED POLICIES
Personal effects
including a bank
statement (3),
checkbook (4) and
mail (5) left on desk.
Briefcase (6) left
open near desk.
Bank statements include
account numbers and other
personal identifiers; mail carries
home addresses and could
reveal private information;
checkbook contains a history of
financial transactions. Unlocked
briefcases can have items stolen
from them if employee leaves
the area.
•Lock briefcases and cabinets when away from desk
for extended periods.
•Keep all personal effects in a locked briefcase or
locked cabinet devoted to personal effects
VIOLATIONS RISK SUGGESTED POLICY
Day planner (1) and
Rolodex (2) left on
desk.
Personal and professional
information - including phone
numbers, passwords, or notes
on meeting times, places and
subjects—is vulnerable.
Store day planners and notebooks in a locked
drawer or take them when away from desk for
extended periods of time, including overnight.

10. VIOLATIONS RISKS SUGGESTED POLICIES
Keys (7), cell phone (8),
PDA (9) and building
access card (10) left on
desk.
Cell phones can be stolen or have
their call histories compromised.
Stolen keys give intruders access to
restricted areas of the office. PDAs
contain sensitive personal and
professional data. Stolen access
cards can be used for continued
access to the building.
•Keep devices with you, and lock cell phones and PDAs with
a pass code.
•Never leave your access cards or keys out anywhere; always
keep them with you.
•Notify security staff immediately if access cards or keys are
missing.
VIOLATIONS RISKS SUGGESTED POLICIES
Applications left open
on computer (11), CD
left in computer (12),
passwords on sticky
note displayed on
monitor stand (13),
printouts left in printer
(14).
Access to personal or sensitive
corporate e-mail or passwords can
allow ongoing access and intrusion.
CD left in drive and data on
printouts can be stolen. Cache files
for applications and printer can
yield sensitive data one might have
thought wasn't preserved.
•Close applications and turn off your monitor when you
leave your desk.
•Do not leave portable media such as CDs or floppy disks in
drives.
•Enable a password-protected screen saver.
•Turn off your computer when you leave for extended
periods.
•Never write your passwords on a sticky note nor try to hide
them anywhere in your office.
•Remove printouts from printers before leaving your office.
•Shred sensitive printouts when you are done with them.
•Clear cache files on computer and memory on devices like
printers regularly.

11. VIOLATIONS RISK SUGGESTED POLICIES
Desk positioned so it's
partially exposed to
window and view from
the hallway (15).
Whiteboard with
sensitive data on it
viewable from hallway
and window (16).
Window exposure could enable
spying from other buildings.
Hallway exposure could allow
unauthorized access if data, such as
a password, is written on a
whiteboard.
•Desks and furniture should be positioned so that sensitive
material is not visible from either the windows or the
hallway.
•Close blinds on windows.
•Use a screen filter to minimize the viewing angle on a
computer monitor.
•Erase whiteboards; if data on whiteboards needs to be
saved, use electronic whiteboards or employ shutters.
VIOLATIONS RISK SUGGESTED POLICIES
File cabinet drawer
open (17) and keys left
in lock (18). Trash bin
contains loose-leaf
paper (19). Bookshelf
contains binders with
sensitive information
(20).
Folders in cabinet are eminently
stealable. Keys allow for ongoing
access and the ability to return
files, so it's hard to detect theft. E-
mails, other sensitive paper in trash
bin can be stolen after-hours or
found in the Dumpster outside.
Binders on shelf, clearly marked as
sensitive, are also available for
"borrowing," making the theft of
the information hard to detect.
•Do not use bookshelves to store binders with sensitive
information. Label those binders prosaically and lock them
up.
•Arrange folders in file cabinets so that the least sensitive
are in front, most sensitive in back.
•Keep file cabinets closed and locked. Do not leave keys in
their locks.
•Shred paper before throwing it away. Participate in a
corporate-wide shredding program.
•Lock your office door when you're gone for extended
periods.

12. After the potential sources of threats and the types of
damage that can occur have been identified, putting
the proper security policies and safeguards in place
becomes much easier. Organizations have an
extensive choice of technologies, ranging from anti-
virus software packages to dedicated network security
hardware, such as firewalls and intrusion detection
systems, to provide protection for all areas of the
network.

13. In business, a security policy is a document
that states in writing how a company plans
to protect the company's physical and
information technology (IT) assets. A
security policy is often considered to be a
"living document", meaning that the
document is never finished, but is
continuously updated as technology and
employee requirements change. A company's
security policy may include an acceptable
use policy, a description of how the company
plans to educate its employees about
protecting the company's assets, an
explanation of how security measurements
will be carried out and enforced, and a
procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of
the security policy to ensure that necessary
corrections will be made.

14. My home
network is very
simple since it
only has a TV,
Phone, computer
and printer, I
have to share
with my children
as you know the
economic
situation is not
very good. My
Internet provider
is Verizon
So I will try to
give more
information,
about what is a
good network.
Verizon MI424WR Router

15. With a home network, your entire household can share one Internet connection with several
computers; giving everyone access to the Internet at the same time. You can share access to
printers, files, folders, and other hardware devices like scanners and fax machines.
There are two types of networks: Wired and Wireless. A wired network
allows you to connect multiple computers in your home using cables
between each computer. A wireless network allows you to connect
computers without using cables between each computer.
Who should use a home network?
Homes with multiple computers
People who bring work laptop home
Telecommuters working from home
Roommates
Small home offices

16. File sharing - Network file sharing between computers gives you more flexibility than using
floppy drives or Zip drives. Not only can you share photos, music files, and documents, you can
also use a home network to save copies of all of your important data on a different computer.
Backups are one of the most critical yet overlooked tasks in home networking.
Printer / peripheral sharing - Once a home network is in place, it's easy to then set up all of
the computers to share a single printer. No longer will you need to bounce from one system or
another just to print out an email message. Other computer peripherals can be shared similarly
such as network scanners, Web cams, and CD burners.
Internet connection sharing - Using a home network, multiple family members can access
the Internet simultaneously without having to pay an ISP for multiple accounts. You will notice
the Internet connection slows down when several people share it, but broadband Internet can
handle the extra load with little trouble. Sharing dial-up Internet connections works, too.
Painfully slow sometimes, you will still appreciate having shared dial-up on those occasions you
really need it.

17. Multi-player games - Many popular home computer games
support LAN mode where friends and family can play together, if
they have their computers networked.
Internet telephone service - So-called Voice over IP (VoIP)
services allow you to make and receive phone calls through your
home network across the Internet, saving you money.
Home entertainment - Newer home entertainment products
such as digital video recorders (DVRs) and video game consoles
now support either wired or wireless home networking. Having
these products integrated into your network enables online Internet
gaming, video sharing and other advanced features.
Although you can realize these same benefits with a wired home
network
Answer: The benefits of networking (either wired or wireless) in
homes are:

18. Your home automation solution lets you monitor your home
environment to help safeguard your family and budget. The
system is easy to customize and install. Then control it
through a password-protected website for just $9.99 per
month.

19. In networking, the communication
language used by computer devices
is called the protocol. Yet another
way to classify computer networks
is by the set of protocols they
support. Networks often implement
multiple protocols to support
specific applications. Popular
protocols include TCP/IP, the most
common protocol found on the
Internet and in home networks.
Many of the same network
protocols, like TCP/IP, work in
both wired and wireless networks.
Networks with Ethernet cables
predominated in businesses,
schools, and homes for several
decades. Recently, however,
wireless networking alternatives
have emerged as the premier
technology for building new
computer networks.

20. Answer: Wireless networks utilize radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain
communication channels between computers. Wireless networking is a more modern
alternative to wired networking that relies on copper and/or fiber optic cabling between
network devices.
A wireless network offers advantages and disadvantages compared to a wired network.
Advantages of wireless include mobility and elimination of unsightly cables.
Disadvantages of wireless include the potential for radio interference due to weather,
other wireless devices, or obstructions like walls.

21. If you're looking for life in the fast lane, and are interested in delving into the world
of high-speed internet access for your home or office, there are two main
contenders:
DSL
Cable
The services are similar in that they'll offer you super-fast Web surfing; at least
three times as fast as dial-up. They'll also allow you to download files, stream
video or send sizable emails multiple times faster than dial-up. So, you can finally
send those pictures of your kiddies to mom and dad.

22. Cable Versus DSL on Bandwidth
Winning the bandwidth or speed battle is usually 'Cable' modem Internet services. Cable
download speeds are up to 2 times faster than DSL. But cable services can slow down
significantly if many people are accessing the Internet at the same time in the same area.
Basically, the same cable line often connects to many households in your neighborhood,
so if you and your neighbor are both using the service at once, your speed may suffer and
become more sluggish. That's also the reason why cable modem services may not always
be as secure as DSL.
Cable Versus DSL on Security
Since cable uses a shared line, anyone in your neighborhood could potentially access the
same local area network or LAN that you use, and be able to click on your Windows
Network. That means they could see your personal information or even download copies
of your data. Make sure to put the proper security measures in place - like a firewall and
anti-virus software - no matter which service you decide on. So, winning the battle over
best security, definitely DSL!
Cable Versus DSL on Installation
When it comes to installation, cable has a leg up. All you have to do is call the cable guy
and get the new line installed and then you connect the line to your modem. It's as easy
as hooking up your VCR to your television.
With DSL you'll need a phone line and it may require you to take multiple steps on your
computer after you install the DSL modem that the phone company provides. You may
also be required to put filters on all of your additional phone jacks.

23. General Security
Regularly update your operating system, web browser, and other key software, using the
manufacturers' update features or web downloads .
Do not open an email attachment, even from someone you know well, unless you know what
it contains .
Configure your computer to show file name extensions so you are certain what type of file
you are working with.
Configure your computer to not share files over your Internet connection .
Create a floppy boot disk as part of an emergency recovery plan.
Do not respond to spam email - you are only confirming to the spammer that they have a
valid address.
Configure your email software to not use automatic preview in your default Inbox - this may
execute an undesired script or applet .
Make regular backups of important data - a CD burner is great for this
Keep a list of the programs installed on each computer with the installation disks in a known
location
Make sure all passwords are strong with: at least eight characters of mixed case, include at
least one numeral (not at either end), include at least one special character, and do not include
common words; and change them at least every six months
Run all wireless networks with WEP enabled and treat your boundary security as if you were
wired
Be aware that email and the web is not the only connection to the Internet you may use -
check for instant messaging (IM) and chat (IRC) programs also

24. Firewall
Use a firewall to protect all your computers all of the time.
Configure the firewall correctly to restrict the maximum number of
avenues into your machine (do not assume the manufacturer defaults are
correct for your situation)
Configure the firewall to operate in stealth mode.
Ensure the firewall will email alerts and logs to an account that you
monitor.
Virus
Install antivirus software on every machine
Configure the antivirus software to automatically download updates at
frequent intervals
Configure the antivirus software to automatically scan the computer daily
for viruses (optimally after the update check)
Manually scan disks with antivirus software before you use disks from an
outside source, including manufacturer's installation disks
Manually scan with antivirus software when you suspect you may have
been infected
Do not forward any email warning about a new virus since it is likely a
hoax or outdated

25. Software
If a hardware firewall is inappropriate, then a software firewall is required. Dr.
Eamon, recommended Zone Alarm from Zone Labs (http://www.zonelabs.com/).
It is free for personal use. The advanced version is Zone Alarm Pro. It adds
some compelling features that you should consider. I run Zone Alarm Pro on my
home networked computer as well. Here is a good summary piece on software
firewalls from http://www.epinions.com/content_2003411076.
Security Scanning
Once you have a firewall system set up, how do you know it is secure? This will
require an external scan. One site that offers such a service for free is at
http://grc.com/default.htm. Gibson Research Corporation offers their free
Shields UP! service (scroll down the main page to find the link). This scanning
service will test your computer's security and provide you with a detailed report
and links to more information. It is very reliable and accurate, and is highly
recommended by Dr. Eamon.
Antivirus Protection
Every computer should be running some form of antivirus software, without
exception. There are so many different ways to move information into a
computer that it is impossible to guard every one. Instead, a centralized
protection program running on each machine has to guard against virus
intrusions. The two most popular are Symantec Norton Antivirus and Network
Associates McAfee Antivirus.

26. Software Updates
The best thing you can do is to go to the Microsoft Windows Update website
http://windowsupdate.microsoft.com/ regularly.
Backups
Backups of important data should be a no-brainer. Compare the number of hours
it would take you to recreate the data versus the cost of keeping a copy always on
hand and it should be obvious that backups are cost effective for everyone.
The easiest method to do backups nowadays is via a CD burner. For Windows,
copy your entire My Documents folder to the CD, then add any other important
data directories. Keep the CD in a fire-resistant box in your house or in a safe
deposit box (or both).
E-Mail security
Email carries essential messages for the everyday workings of your business. But
it's also a major conduit for security threats that blend web, email, and data attack
strategies. According to Websense® Security Labs research:
• Nearly 90% of unwanted emails contain web links to spam or malicious
websites
• Only 1 of every 4 anti-virus products catch blended web and email attack
campaigns
• Cybercriminals use news, shopping, and other hot topics to disguise spam-
carrying emails so well that even savvy recipients can't resist clicking. Encrypted
email that makes sure no one can read or modify your data.

27. What To Do If You Have Been Hacked
Immediately disconnect the telephone or network connection from the
computer
Run a complete virus scan using fully updated antivirus software
Install a firewall if you do not have one
Before reconnecting to the Internet, try to find out why your computer was
vulnerable
What To Do If You Get A Virus
Immediately disconnect the telephone or network connection from the computer
Run a complete virus scan using fully updated antivirus software
DO NOT delete files, even infected ones - let the antivirus software attempt to
disinfect the files instead
DO NOT reformat your hard drive
DO NOT run your email program until you have run an antivirus scan.
Today, many millions of households in the U.S. and worldwide have adopted
home computer networking. Millions more have yet to build their first home
network. Even those who've previously taken the plunge are now beginning to
revamp their networks for wireless the current wave of useful technology for
home networking.

29. •Book "Network security A Beginner's Guide by Eric Maiwald.
•Material of Dr. Eamon.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LmB2slsEBTY&feature=related
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_network
http://www.cnet.com.au/how-to-network-your-home-339296625.htm
http://www.cert.org/tech_tips/home_networks.html
http://www.microsoft.com/athome/organization/wirelesssetup.aspx
http://www.pcguidebook.com/homenetwork.asp
http://download.zonelabs.com/bin/media/pdf/homeNetwork_datasheet.pdf
http://ask-leo.com/how_should_i_set_up_my_home_network.html
http://www.cnet.com/1990-7390_1-6213817-3.html?tag=dh;dh_m