Why it’s Needed? Traffic congestion-insufficient road development-growing number of vehicles. Low speed, increased accident rates, increased fuel consumption, and increased pollution. Impossible to build enough new roads or to meet the demand. These explore the concepts that treat highway systems and the vehicles that use them as integrated system. Among them is the concept of Intelligent Transportation Systems. The goal of I T S is to improve the transportation system to make it more efficient and safer by use of information, communications and control technologies. India is going through a period of drastic change in the transportation area due to: Rapidly growing economy. Insufficient and inadequate public transportation system. Rising vehicle ownership levels. ITS PARTS I T S ARCHITECTURE · Framework for planning, defining, and integrating intelligent transportation systems. Benefits of Architecture Reduces time and resources required to integrate the technologies to local needs Helps identify agencies and jurisdictions & seeks their participation COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Effective and efficient operation of transit systems relies on a communications infrastructure and vehicle-based communications technologies. Communications systems are used to transmit voice and data between transit vehicles and operation centers, and to transmit commands between operators and technologies. Transit communications systems are comprised mostly of wireless technologies and applications. FLEET MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS These includes separate technologies often are combined in various software packages, which allow for the integration of many different transit functions. GIS allows transit agencies to accurately track where demand is located in their service area. APPLICATIONS OF I T S ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION(E T C) GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM(G P S) ADVANCED TRAVELLER INFORMATION SYSTEM(ATIS) IN-VEHICLE TRANSIT INFORMATION SYSTEM AUTOMATIC PASSENGER COUNTER ADVANTAGES OF I T S Improved safety Better traffic flow Lower travel cost Better environmental quality Increased business activity Greater user acceptance Better travel information Better planning information DISADVANTAGES OF I T S Difficult to use in mixed traffic Preliminary difficulties in understanding ITS equipments costly The control system software could be hacked by hackers www.wikipedia.com www.answers.com www.howstuffworks.com www.tech-faq.com www.thetravelinsider.info http://www.itsoverview.its.dot. http://www.transport systems.com http://www.mountain-plains.org

1. INTELLIGENT
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
By
S. Chaitanya kumar
Civil dept

2. Contents
 Problems in transportation
 Causes of road accidents
 Introduction
 Features
 ITS technologies
 Applications
 Advantages and disadvantages
 Conclusion.

3. PROBLEMS IN
TRANSPORTATION………….
 TRAFFIC CONGESTION
 FUEL CONSUMPTION
 ACCIDENTS

4. Causes Of Road Accidents
➢ Driver’s fault -83.5%
➢ Pedestrian fault/fault of passengers -4.7%
➢ Mechanical defect in vehicles -3%
➢ Bad roads -1.1%
➢ Bad weather -0.9%
➢ Other factors-6.8%
 e.g. cattle, fallen trees, road blockages, non-
functioning of signals and
 absence of rear reflectors/road sig

5. WHAT IS I.T.S?
 The term intelligent
transportation system (ITS)
refers to efforts to add
information and
communications technology to
transport infrastructure and
vehicles in an effort to manage
factors that typically are at odds
with each other, such as vehicles,
loads, and routes to improve
safety and reduce vehicle wear,
transportation times, and fuel
consumption.

6. Background Situation of Promoting ITS
 To Solve Social Problems caused by Road
 To activate the Economy
 To reach an Advanced Information and
 Tele – communication Society
 To Co-ordinate different Transport Modes
 To reduce Driver’s run

7. FEATURES OF THE INTELLIGENT
TRANSPORATION SYSTEM

8. Intelligent transportation technologies
 Wireless communications
 Computational technologies
 Sensing technologies
 Video vehicle detection
 Probe & smart vehicles
 The incident detection centers
 In vehicle information & route guide

9. (1) Wireless Communications :
 vRadio modem communication on UHF and VHF frequencies
are widely used for short and long range communication within
ITS.
 vLonger range communications have been proposed using
infrastructure networks such as WiMAX (IEEE 802.16), Global
System for Mobile Communications (GSM), or 3G.

10.  vShort-range communications (less than 450 meters) can be
accomplished using IEEE 802.11 protocols. Theoretically, the
range of these protocols can be extended using Mobile ad-hoc
networks or Mesh networking.

11. (2) Computational Technologies :
The CTS (Computational Transportation Science)
fellows will develop technologies in which sensors,
travellers computers , in-vehicle computers, and
computers in the static infrastructure.
The installation of operational systems and
processors in transportation vehicles have also
allowed software applications and artificial
intelligence systems to be installed. These systems
include internal control of model based processes,
ubiquitous computing and other programs designed
to be integrated into a greater transportation
system.

13. (3) Floating Car Data/Floating Cellular
Data :
 • Non Real-time:
 – Manual surveys.
 – Video recording and
manual search.
 – In-vehicle data recording.
 Real-time:
 – Not inductive loop (without transponder).
 – Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR).
 – GPS trace + mobile comms e.g. GSM.
 – Radio Signal Triangulation.
 – Roadside beacon + dedicated short range tag.

14. (4) Sensing Technologies :
 Sensing systems for
Intelligent Transportation
System are vehicle and
infrastructure based
networked systems, e.g.,
Intelligent vehicle
technologies
 Pavement loops are use
to sense the presence of
vehicle demand at
intersections and parking lot
entrances.

15.  Radar and acoustic
sensors are also used
for detecting vehicles
in the roadway.
 Pressure pads are
use to sense the
presence of
pedestrians waiting to
cross a roadway.

16. (5) Inductive loop detection :
 one or more loops of wire are embedded under the
road & connected to a control box.
 When a vehicle passes over or rests on the loop,
inductance is reduced showing a vehicle is present.

17. (6) Video Vehicle Detection :
 Video vehicle detection (VVD) is the One
of the most widely used method. Video
detection is an image processor. It consists
of a microprocessor-base CPU and software
that analyzes video images. Using a mouse
and interactive graphics, the user places
virtual "detectors“ on the video image
displayed on a monitor.
 Statistics can be progressively transmitted
to a server for real-time analysis

19. Intelligent transportation applications
 Electronic toll
collection :
Electronic toll
collection (ETC) makes it
possible for vehicles to
drive through toll gates at
traffic speed, reducing
congestion at toll plazas
and automating toll
collection.

20.  The in-vehicle ecall is an emergency call
generated either manually by the vehicle
occupants or automatically via activation of in-
vehicle sensors after an accident.
Emergency vehicle notification systems :

21.  A traffic enforcement camera system, consisting of a
camera and a vehicle-monitoring device, is used to
detect and identify vehicles disobeying a speed limit or
some other road legal requirement.
Automatic road enforcement

22. Collision Avoidance Systems :
Intersection Collision Warning Obstacle Detection
Lane Change assistance Lane Departure Warning

23. Collision Avoidance Systems…
Rollover Warning
Road Departure Warning
Forward collision Warning Rear Impact Warning

24. Benefits of ITS :
 Time Savings
 Better emergency response times and
services
 Reduced Crashes and Fatalities
 Cost Avoidance
 Increased Customer Satisfaction
 Energy and Environmental Benefits
 Decreasing of probability of congestion
occurrence.

25. Advantages
 Improved safety
 Better traffic flow
 Lower travel cost
 Better environmental quality
 Increased business activity
 Greater user acceptance
 Better travel information
 Better planning information

26. Disadvantages
Difficult to use in mixed traffic
Preliminary difficulties in
understanding
ITS equipments costly
The control system software could be
hacked by hackers

27. CONCLUSION
 Road safety has become a pressing issue in India.
 The number of deaths has reached upto 80,0000
 The rapid increase in eSafety is in growing demand
to the day.
 The making of new vehicles should be well equipped
with necessary technologies.
 To change the road user culture. This includes
stronger levels of traffic regulation and
enforcement.

28. References :
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.answers.com
 www.howstuffworks.com
 www.tech-faq.com
 www.thetravelinsider.info
 http://www.itsoverview.its.dot.
 http://www.transport systems.com
 http://www.mountain-plains.org