Skeletal System

1. Skeletal SystemSkeletal System
Mrs. BurchMrs. Burch
Modified from Mr. Gerlach’s PowerPointModified from Mr. Gerlach’s PowerPoint

2. There are 5 Functions of theThere are 5 Functions of the
Skeletal SystemSkeletal System
https://www.zygote.com/poly-models/3d-male-systems/3d-male-skeletonhttps://www.zygote.com/poly-models/3d-male-systems/3d-male-skeleton

3. The 1The 1stst
function isfunction is MovementMovement
Skeletal system provides points ofSkeletal system provides points of
attachment for muscles.attachment for muscles. Your legsYour legs
and arms move when the musclesand arms move when the muscles
pull on the bones.pull on the bones.
Muscle attached toMuscle attached to
bones!!bones!!

4. The 2The 2ndnd
function isfunction is SupportSupport
The backbone is the main supportThe backbone is the main support
center for the upper body.center for the upper body. ItIt
holds your head up and protectsholds your head up and protects
your spinal cordyour spinal cord..

5. The 3The 3rdrd
function isfunction is ProtectionProtection
The bones of your skull protectThe bones of your skull protect
your brain. Your ribs protect youryour brain. Your ribs protect your
lungs and heart from injury.lungs and heart from injury.

6. The 4The 4thth
function isfunction is Making BloodMaking Blood
Red and white blood cells areRed and white blood cells are
formed by tissue called marrow,formed by tissue called marrow,
which is in the center of the bone.which is in the center of the bone.
https://fbresearch.org/leukemia-improving-efficiency-of-bone-marrow-transplants/

7. The 5The 5thth
function isfunction is StorageStorage
Bones store mineralsBones store minerals, such as, such as
calcium and phosphorus, for use bycalcium and phosphorus, for use by
the bodythe body

8. Types of BonesTypes of Bones
►Four basic bone shapesFour basic bone shapes
 1. Long- arms, legs and fingers1. Long- arms, legs and fingers
 2. Short- wrist and ankles2. Short- wrist and ankles
 3. Flat- skull and sternum3. Flat- skull and sternum
 4. Irregular- spine4. Irregular- spine

9. Bone StructureBone Structure
► Typical Four Layers:Typical Four Layers:
 Periosteum:Periosteum: CoversCovers
BonesBones
 Compact Bone:Compact Bone: LiesLies
beneath thebeneath the
periosteumperiosteum
 Spongy Bone:Spongy Bone: LiesLies
beneath the compactbeneath the compact
bonebone
 Bone Marrow:Bone Marrow: Fills theFills the
gaps between thegaps between the
spongy bonespongy bone

10. Cranium BonesCranium Bones
Frontal Bone
Occipital Bone
Temporal
Bone
Parietal Bone Parietal Bone

11. Clavicle, or CollarboneClavicle, or Collarbone
► TheThe clavicleclavicle, or collar, or collar
bone,bone, holds theholds the
shoulder joint awayshoulder joint away
from the rest of thefrom the rest of the
upper bodyupper body and is onlyand is only
as thick as your littleas thick as your little
finger.finger.

12. ScapulaScapula
► TheThe scapulascapula is locatedis located
on the back side of theon the back side of the
ribcage and helps provideribcage and helps provide
part of the shoulder jointpart of the shoulder joint
and movement for theand movement for the
arms.arms.

13. Vertebral Column, or Spinal ColumnVertebral Column, or Spinal Column
The spine isThe spine is
made of 33made of 33
vertebrae.vertebrae.
https://gmb.io/spine/

14. Coccyx and SacrumCoccyx and Sacrum

15. Humerus (Upper Arm Bone)Humerus (Upper Arm Bone)

16. Radius and UlnaRadius and Ulna
►Radius on TopRadius on Top
►Ulna on BottomUlna on Bottom

17. Carpals or (Wrist Bones)Carpals or (Wrist Bones)

18. Metacarpals (Top of Hands)Metacarpals (Top of Hands)

19. Phalanges (Little Fingers)Phalanges (Little Fingers)

20. Rib CageRib Cage

21. Sternum (Breastbone)Sternum (Breastbone)

22. Pelvis (Dancing Bone)Pelvis (Dancing Bone)

23. FemurFemur
(Largest Bone in the Body)(Largest Bone in the Body)

24. The Tibia and FibulaThe Tibia and Fibula

25. TarsalsTarsals

26. MetatarsalsMetatarsals

27. PhalangesPhalanges

28. CalcaneousCalcaneous

29. Skeletal System ReviewSkeletal System Review
My Videoswholebodyskeleton.movMy Videoswholebodyskeleton.mov

30. Joints of the BodyJoints of the Body
► Ball and SocketBall and Socket
Joint:Joint: Round end ofRound end of
bone fitting snugglybone fitting snuggly
within another bonewithin another bone..
 Ex. Shoulder and HipEx. Shoulder and Hip

31. Joints of the BodyJoints of the Body
► Hinge Joint:Hinge Joint:
Movement at joint inMovement at joint in
one directionone direction like alike a
door.door.
 Ex. Knee and ElbowEx. Knee and Elbow

32. Joints of the BodyJoints of the Body
► Pivot Joint:Pivot Joint: BoneBone
resting atop anotherresting atop another
bone permitting freebone permitting free
movement.movement.
 Ex. Neck, Wrist andEx. Neck, Wrist and
AnklesAnkles

33. Joints of the BodyJoints of the Body
► Fixed Immovable:Fixed Immovable:
Joint does not moveJoint does not move
 Ex. SkullEx. Skull
► Gliding Joint:Gliding Joint: BonesBones
slipping over otherslipping over other
bones with a freebones with a free
flowing movement.flowing movement.
 Ex. KnucklesEx. Knuckles

34. The Connectors of the BodyThe Connectors of the Body
► Ligaments:Ligaments: ConnectConnect
bone to bonebone to bone

35. The Connectors of the Body!!The Connectors of the Body!!
►Tendon:Tendon: Attaches muscles to bonesAttaches muscles to bones

36. The Connectors of the BodyThe Connectors of the Body
►Cartilage: It acts as aCartilage: It acts as a cushion betweencushion between
bones at a jointbones at a joint and protects the bones.and protects the bones.

37. Problems of the Skeletal SystemProblems of the Skeletal System
► Fracture:Fracture: BreakBreak ► Dislocation:Dislocation: Out ofOut of
jointjoint

38. Problems of the Skeletal SystemProblems of the Skeletal System
► Sprain:Sprain: Swelling inSwelling in
the jointthe joint
► Arthritis:Arthritis: InflamedInflamed
and stiff jointsand stiff joints

39. Problems of the Skeletal System!!Problems of the Skeletal System!!
► Scoliosis:Scoliosis: CurvatureCurvature
of the spineof the spine
► Osteoporosis:Osteoporosis: BrittleBrittle
bonesbones