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#SciChallenge2017 -Unzip the secret to immortality
- 1. UNZIP THE SECRET TO IMMORTALITY ANGELIKI SAVVA ANDREA STYLIANOU CHRISTINA CHRISTOFIDOU
- 2. WHY DO PEOPLE LOVE THE IDEA OF LIVING FOREVER? TO MAINTAIN A FULLY FUNCTIONAL AND YOUTHFUL HUMAN BODY FOREVER. TO HAVE ENOUGH TIME TO DO EVERYTHING THEY HAVE EVER DREAMED OF! TO AVOID THE SADNESS OF LOSING LOVED ONES. TO HAVE PLENTY OF TIME TO TRAVEL THE WORLD
- 3. TO MEET MANY GREAT PERSONALITIES THROUGHOUT THEIR LIFETIME TO HAVE THE CHANCE TO STUDY WHATEVER SUBJECTS THEY WANT AND AS A RESULT, BECOME RICHER IN KNOWLEDGE. THEY WILL NOT HAVE TO BE AFRAID OF DEATH TO TRAVEL AND EXPLORE THE UNIVERSE.
- 4. THEY SAY THE ONLY CERTAIN THINGS IN LIFE ARE DEATH AND TAXES. WHAT IF THEY ARE WRONG? DEATH IS CAUSED WHEN CELLS INSIDE OUR BODIES LOSE THE ABILITY TO REPAIR THEMSELVES. AFTER HAVING DIVIDED SEVERAL TIMES, THE CELL GOES INTO SENESCENCE. THIS IS CALLED THE HAYFLICK LIMIT AND EVENTUALLY THE CELL DIES. IN SOME SENSE, EVERY CELL HAS A BIOLOGICAL CLOCK DOOMING IT TO DIE.
- 5. BUT IS IT POSSIBLE TO ACHIEVE IMMORTALITY?
- 6. NANOTECHNOLOGY COULD MAKE HUMANS IMMORTAL BY 2040 SCIENTISTS IMAGINE HORDES OF NANOBOTS FLITTING AROUND YOUR BODY AND PATCHING CELLS UP, MAKING THEM AS GOOD AS NEW. THEY WILL ALSO BE ABLE TO REPAIR DAMAGED ORGANS, EFFECTIVELY WIPING OUT DISEASES. THEY WILL ALSO BE •ABLE TO BACK UP OUR MEMORIES. •THE NANOBOTS WILL BE SELF-REPLICATING, AND ENGINEERS WILL HAVE TO HARNESS AND CONTAIN THAT REPLICATION. •THE NANOBOTS COULD HELP YOU LOOK AND FEEL 21 FOREVER!
- 7. TELOMERASE INJECTIONS AS YOU GET OLDER, OLD CELLS ARE REPLACED BY NEW ONES WHICH DIVIDE AND MAKE A COPY OF THEIR DNA. THE PROBLEM IS THAT AFTER REPLICATING A CERTAIN NUMBER OF TIMES, THE ENDS OF THE DNA GET SHAVED OFF, ESSENTIALLY DEGRADING YOUR GENETIC MATERIAL AND PHYSICALLY AGING YOU. TELOMERASE IS THE WONDER PROTEIN THAT CAN ELIMINATE SOME OF THE CONTRACTION OF THE CHROMOSOMES AND EVEN LENGTHEN THEM.
- 8. CELL THERAPY YOU MAY HAVE HEARD OF A GROUP OF CREATURES THAT ARE ALREADY IMMORTAL. THERE ARE ORGANISMS LIVING ON THIS PLANET THAT DON’T PLAY BY THE SAME RULES THAT WE DO AND ARE EFFECTIVELY IMMORTAL. SOME OF THEM ARE: HYDRA ZOA PLANARIAN FLATWORM NAKED MOLE RAT HETEROCEPHALUS GLABER REGENERATING FLATWORMS
- 9. SCIENTISTS HAVE BEEN LOOKING AT WHAT THESE CREATURES HAVE THAT WE DON’T. THEIR THEORY IS THAT WE MUST CONTINUALLY TARGET MANY DIFFERENT FORMS OF AGING AT A MICROSCOPIC LEVEL. WHILE THE LOBSTER REPAIRS ITS DNA TO EXTEND ITS LIFE, THE JELLYFISH USES STEM CELLS TO REGENERATE. IT SEEMS THAT ANIMALS ARE ABLE TO DEVELOP MECHANISMS BETTER THAN HUMANS. SO BY PICKING AND MIXING FROM THE IMMORTAL ANIMAL KINGDOM AND ANALYZING INDIVIDUAL CELLS OR HOW TISSUES AGE, WE CAN MANIPULATE SOME OF OUR CELLS IN ORDER TO BECOME IMMORTAL.
- 10. The Jellyfish That Holds the Key to Immortality!
- 11. ‘TURRITOPSIS DOHRNII’ IS THE JELLYFISH THAT BYPASSES DEATH! • IT IS FOUND IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA. • IT IS BIOLOGICALLY IMMORTAL. • IT IS BELL-SHAPED WITH A MAXIMUM DIAMETER OF ABOUT 4.5 MM. • ITS MAIN DIET USUALLY CONTAINS FISH EGGS, PLANKTON AND TINY MOLLUSKS. • IT DOESN'T DIE BUT TRANSFORMS ITSELF BACK INTO ITS JUVENILE POLYP STATE.
- 12. LAVRAE FORMS DEVELOP INTO POLYP COLONIES (HYDROIDS) HYDROIDS BUD NEW JELLYFISHES BECOMING SEXUALLY MATURE BELL-SHAPED MEDUSA WITH 80-90 TENTACLES FERTILIZED EGG THE ‘RE’CYCLED LIFE OF IMMORTAL JELLYFISH WHEN IT IS THREATENED, INJURED OR UNABLE TO FEED, IS TRANSFORMS BACK TO A JUVENILE POLYP. IT ATTACHES ITSELF AND TURNS INTO A SORT OF LIVING BLOB. ITS CELLS WILL INCUR A PROCESS CALLED TRANSDIFFERENTIATION. ITS BODY SHRINKS AND IT IMMERSES TO THE OCEAN FLOOR AND REPEATS THE CYCLE ALL OVER AGAIN. THEY HAVE THE ABILITY TO DO IT OVER AND OVER AGAIN!
- 13. MIND UPLOAD ANOTHER WAY TO ACHIEVE IMMORTALITY IS TO ‘’UPLOAD’’ YOUR MIND. BEING ABLE TO THINK ABOUT THINGS IS ALL THAT REALLY MATTERS. SO YOU CAN LIVE FOREVER AS LONG AS YOU DON’T MIND NOT HAVING A PHYSICAL BODY. SOME SAY BY THE 2023 WE SHOULD HAVE ENOUGH COMPUTING POWER TO EASILY EMULATE THE HUMAN BRAIN. ‘’THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF MY PLAN IS TO TRANSFER SOMEONE'S PERSONALITY INTO A COMPLETELY NEW BODY,“ DMITRY ITSKOV SAYS.
- 14. WHY WOULD IT BE A CATASTROPHE IF PEOPLE WERE ABLE TO LIVE LONGER, OR EVEN BECOME IMMORTAL? • OVERPOPULATION, BECAUSE THE POPULATION WILL ONLY INCREASE, SO NO BALANCE • LACK OF RAW MATERIALS. RAW MATERIALS ARE LIMITED. • NO SOCIAL PROGRESSION • GLOBAL DECAY • RELATIVE TIME REDUCTION • POLLUTION DUE TO THE FACT THAT MORE AND MORE PEOPLE WILL LIVE ON THIS PLANET
- 15. A BLESSING OR A CURSE? • WE MAY NOT HAVE EMOTIONS IF OUR BRAIN IS TRANSFERED INTO A MACHINE • WE WON’T HAVE THE INSTITUTION OF FAMILY AND SOME TRADITIONS WILL BE ABOLISHED • PEOPLE MAY NEED TO BE STERILIZED OR BE LIMITED TO HAVING ONLY ONE CHILD • IT IS AGAINST THE LAWS OF MOTHER NATURE
- 16. WHO WILL BE THE LUCKY ONES? o SHOULD ONLY “SMART” PEOPLE ACHIEVE IMMORTALITY? o HOW ABOUT THE PEOPLE WHO ARE “SMART” IN ARTS, DANCE OR MUSIC? o IF THE TREATMENT WILL BE PROHIBITIVELY EXPENSIVE SHOULD ONLY THE EXTREMELY WEALTHY BE ABLE TO BE IMMORTAL? o WHAT ABOUT THE PEOPLE THAT ARE NOT RICH OR THEY HAVE PHYSICAL PROBLEMS?
- 17. IN CASE WE DON’T FIND OTHER ECOSYSTEMS TO INHABIT, WHAT IS THE POINT OF BEING IMMORTAL WHEN WE ALL KNOW THAT OVER THE NEXT BILLION YEARS THE SUN WILL EXPLODE AND LIFE ON EARTH WILL CEASE TO EXIST? IMMORTAL REFUGEES?