The document discusses various science-related topics including the following:
- Scientists are asking Congress to fund a $50 billion science initiative.
- Questions about topics like the center of the earth, how the universe began, and whether the earth revolves around the sun or vice versa.
- Trends in high school physics enrollment, science degrees awarded, and support for doubling research funding at science agencies.
- Challenges with public understanding of science and what science actually is.
- Examples from physics, chemistry, biology and geology to illustrate scientific concepts.
40. “ If, in some cataclysm, all of scientific knowledge were to be destroyed, and only one sentence passed on … what statement would contain the most information in the fewest words?”
41. “ I believe it is the atomic hypothesis, or the atomic fact…that all things are made of atoms, little particles that move around in perpetual motion, attracting each other when a little distance apart but repelling upon being squeezed into one another.” -Richard Feynman
42. Hot Work Peter is working on repairs to an old house. He has left a bottle of water, some metal nails, and a piece of timber inside the trunk of his car. After the car has been out in the sun for three hours, the temperature inside the car reaches about 104 degrees F .
I want to begin with a brief look at a parallel universe that in no way resembles our own. This is a picture taken from an article in what for me is an essential source of news -- The Onion. The caption reads, Physicist Richard Kinder is mobbed by paparazzi outside his University of Chicago office, and it’s used to illustrate an article in which scientists complain about "the reckless throngs of photographers that relentlessly hound America's top scientists." "Just because I'm a scientist doesn't mean I have to completely surrender my privacy,” one string theorist said. “The public doesn't have the right to know everything I do every second of the day.” Members of the paparazzi say they are merely responding to public demand, providing a service to the millions of Americans who closely follow the careers of the world's top physicists, mathematicians, and botanists, because, after all, one photographer said, "In this country, people want to know about scientific discoveries the minute they happen."
The scientists also gripe about the science tabloids that print racy, unsubstantiated stories like this shocker from Stephen Hawking: “Supernovas suggest universe has small cosmological constant!” and “Six sizzling hot John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur pics!” But other scientists are quoted as supporting the aggressive tactics of the paparazzi. "If it weren't for all this publicity, it's possible that far fewer people would support our work," one Nobel laureate in Chemistry said. "We scientists could actually be in the position of needing to scrape pennies together to complete our vitally important research." Diehard science fan Jill Krause agreed. "These scientists are the most important people in America," Krause said. "Our very future depends on them. They are enabling us to live longer and better, discovering the history of the planet we live on, and unraveling the mysteries of the universe. There's no way we'd ever let them work in obscurity. It's laughable."
Watson & Crick
Jane Goodall
E.O. Wilson
Harold Varmus
James Hansen
Neil deGrasse Tyson
Steven Weinberg
Sally Ride
Gil Grissom
Back in our universe, the reality is much closer to another brilliant piece from The Onion [read].
Scientists make sure on/off button switched to on. Parts of the machine begin to move, at first slowly, and then rapidly A lot of science begins to generate Many things light up and sounds of thunder happen Science ends. My suggestion: Get the Onion to do a science book.
So where does this leave us?
So how do we do? Well, it’s a glass half-full, half-empty state of affairs. We’re pretty good with our Earth science. Something like three-quarters of Americans are aware that the center of the earth is very hot, that the continents move, that there’s natural radioactivity, and that the Earth goes around the sun rather than vice versa (although a smaller percentage know it takes a year to do that). We’re lousier when it comes to physics. A clear majority of adults don’t know that electrons are smaller than atoms, or that lasers have nothing to do with sound waves.
And because it’s fun to see things through the lens of the battle of the sexes, here’s the breakdown on male vs. female scores, the men being the black bars, women the blue. You can see that men do better than women on most of the questions, with a couple of exceptions -- about the value of antibiotics against viruses, and, amusingly, about whose genes determine the baby’s sex. While three quarters of women know it’s Dad, only half of the potential Dads are aware of their fundamental role in determining the color scheme of the baby’s layette.
Lest you think that science illiteracy is largely an American phenomenon
The same decline is seen with television news, which according to surveys remains the public’s major source of science news. Fewer science and medical reporters.
Over 120,000 people attended the 2008 World Science Festival with sell-out crowds at the Festival’s 44 events
Second law of thermodynamics It says that heat will not spontaneously flow from a colder body to a warmer one or, equivalently, that total entropy (a measure of useful energy) in a closed system will not decrease.
They are part of the "Eagle Nebula" (also called M16 - the 16th object in Charles Messier's 18th century catalog of "fuzzy" objects that aren't comets), a nearby star-forming region 7,000 light-years away in the constellation Serpens.