The document is a Hindi language lesson that teaches basic interrogatives and conversational phrases. It introduces the interrogatives "kaisē" (how), "kyā" (what), and "kitnā/kitnē" (how much/many). Example conversations are provided using these words, such as "Āp kaisē hai?" (How are you?) and "Āpakā nāam kyā hai?" (What is your name?). Grammar rules for question structure and answers are explained. Cultural context on education in India is also provided. The goal is to equip learners with essential interrogatives and phrases for basic Hindi conversations.
4. Revision: Etiquette conversation
English
Hindi
Nice to meet you (formal)
Āpsē milkar achā lagā
Nice to meet you too (common reply)
Mujhē bhī
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5. Revision
Name
English
Hindi
Mark
Hi, who are you?
Namastē, āp kauna hain?
Jane
Good morning, I am Jane
Suprabhāt, maiṁ Jane hūṁ
Mark
I am an Indian
̐
Maiṁ ēk bhāratīya hūm
Jane
I am Mark
̐
Maiṁ Mārk hūm
Mark
I am an American
̐
Maiṁ ēk amērikan hūm
Jane
Nice to meet you!
Āpsē milkar khuśī hu'ī!
Mark
Nice to meet you too!
Mujhē bhī!
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6. Revision
English
Hindi
Hi! I am Maria
Namastē maiṁ Māriā hūṁ
I’m Hispanic/British
̐
Maiṁ Hispanic / Briṭiśa hūm
Nice to meet you!
Āpsē milkar achā lagā
Hi! I am Joe
Namastē maiṁ Jōe hūṁ
I am an African
Nice to meet you too!
̐
Maiṁ ēka Afrīkī hūm
Mujhē bhī
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8. Today's conversation!
How are you?
I am fine.
Fine, and you?
What is your name?
My name is ___
Āp kaisē hai ?
Maiṁ acchā / acchī hooṁ
Thīk, aur āp ?
Āpakā nāam kyā hai ?
Mera nāam ___ hai
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9. To have this conversation, we need to learn a few
basic
interrogatives such as How and What! So lets
begin!
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11. Use of interrogation -How
How are you?
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12. Use of interrogation -How
How
are
you
Kaisā
haiṁ
Āp
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13. Use of interrogation -How
How
Kaisē
are
haiṁ
you
Āp
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14. Conversation
How are you?
Āp kaisē haiṁ?
Question Structure
Subject | Interrogation |'To-be' verb
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15. Note
Kaisā changes to kaisē,
As we are using the Āp form to show respect
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18. Answering interrogation-How
I am fine
Maiṁ acchā / acchī hooṁ
Answer Structure
Subject | Adjective| 'To-be' verb
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19. Grammar tip
While the general sentence structure is
Subject | (Object) | 'To-be' verb
In a sentence with an adjective, the assumed
object is replaced with the Adjective
The
answer structure then becomes:
Subject | Adjective| 'To-be' verb
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20. Note
In Hindi, adjectives are defined by the
gender of the noun being used
In this case, Acchā / Acchī depend
on the gender of the person
speaking the sentence
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21. Note
If a boy (ladkā), has to say 'I am fine',
he would say
'Maiṁ acchā hooṁ'
If a girl (ladkī), has to say 'I am fine',
she would say
'Maiṁ acchī hooṁ'
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22. Note
One of the most useful
words to know is Acchā
It is both an adjective and an exclamation
Its meanings include good, excellent,
healthy, well, OK, really?, awesome!,
hmm..., a-ha!, etc.!
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23. Note
Another common all-purpose
word is 'ṭhīk hai'
It has the same meaning
as
'good' or 'acchā'
OK / all right, yes / understood,
right / correct, etc
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24. Answering interrogation - How
Fine, and you?
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25. Answering interrogation - How
Fine
Thīk
and
aur
you
āp
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26. Answering interrogation - How
Fine, and you?
Thīk, aur āp?
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27. Let's see if you remember…>
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28. Exercise : Pick the right option
'I am fine' translates to ___
1
2
3
ṭhīk hai
Thīk, aur āp
Maiṁ acchā hooṁ
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29. Solution
'I am fine' translates to ___
1
2
3
ṭhīk hai
Thīk, aur āp
Maiṁ acchā hooṁ
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30. Recall what the other options translate to!
English
Hindi
Ok
ṭhīk hai
Fine and you
Thīk, aur āp
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31. The next interrogative we learn is 'What' ; lets
begin!
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33. Using interrogation - What
What is your name?
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34. Using interrogation - What
What
Kyā
is
hai
your
Āp
name
nāam
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35. Grammar tip
In the sentence, 'What is your name'?, 'Your'
and 'name' come together to form the
'Subject' of the sentence
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36. Using interrogation - What
What
Kyā
is
hai
(You-r
Āpa-kā
Name)
nāam
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37. Note
In Hindi You = Āp
While 'Your' becomes 'Āpa-kā'
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38. Conversation
What is your name?
Āpakā nāam kyā hai?
Question Structure
Subject| Interrogation |'To-be' verb
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39. Answering interrogation - What
My name is____
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40. Answering interrogation - What
My
Merā
name
nāam
is
hai
____
_____
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41. Note
In this sentence, 'my' and 'name' come together to
form the subject of the Sentence!
'My' is a possessive pronoun and it translates
to 'Merā' in Hindi
We shall cover possessive pronouns in later lessons!
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42. Answering interrogation - What
My name is ____
Merā nāam ___ hai
Answer Structure
Subject | (Object)|'To-be' verb
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43. Let's see if you remember…
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44. Exercise : Pick the right option
'Āpakā' in Hindi translates to ___
in english
1
2
3
You
My
your
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45. Solution
'Āpakā' in Hindi translates to ___
in english
1
2
3
You
My
your
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46. Recall what the other options translate to!
English
Hindi
You
Āp
My
Merā
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47. Another important interrogative to learn is
How much/many!
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48. Interrogatives
How much / many?
kitnā / kitnē
How= Kaisē, however
How much= kitnā, How many= Kitnē
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49. Note
While 'much' literally translates to 'bahut',
it’s not used when translating ‘how much’
'How much' translates to a single
word in Hindi = kitnā
We will learn where to use kitnā vs kitnē
via examples later
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51. Revision : Today's conversation!
English
Hindi
How are you?
Āp kaisē hai?
I am fine
Maiṁ acchā / acchī hooṁ
Fine, and you?
Thīk, aur āp?
What is your name?
Āpakā nāam kyā hai?
My name is ___
Merā nāam ___ hai
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52. Culture leaf
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53. Culture leaf- Education in India
Education in India is provided by the public sector as well
as the private sector
The Taxila University was the oldest universitysystem of education in the world
Western education became ingrained into Indian
society with the establishment of the British Raj
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54. Culture leaf
Indians made significant contributions to
calculus, trigonometry, and algebra
The decimal system was invented in
India in 100 B.C. The concept of zero
as a number is also attributed to India
For more information, read:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/0_(number)
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55. What's next?
Next time we will learn some more
interrogations, and how they form questions
with postpositions!
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