1. PHONOLOGY
2. Non-native speakers of English (NNS) often have
problems with pronunciation. Discuss the problem areas
and suggest ways to overcome these problems identified.
Provide relevant examples to illustrate your answer.
PRESENT BY :
NAME : ANIS ADIBAH BINTI NOOR AZAMAN
I/C NO : 930209-08-5588

2. PROBLEM AREAS
Segmental
Word stress
Intonation

3. Segmental
 Reduction from three to two phonemes:
The correct pronunciation - Glimpse /glɪmps/
But, usually pronounced as /glɪms/.
 Reduction from two to one phoneme:
The correct pronunciation - Always /ɔ:lweɪs/
But, usually pronounced as /ɔ:weɪs/.
 Another examples:
- move /mu:v/ pronounced as /mu:f/
- is /ɪz/ is pronounced as /ɪs/
- usual /juʒuəl/ pronounced as /juʃuəl/

4.  For the Malay Malaysian English speaker’s approximants
- /f/ would be approximated as /p/.
- fan /fæn/ - /pæn/.
 For the Chinese Malaysian English speaker’s approximants
- /r/ as /l/
- /redɪ/ - /ledɪ/.
- /z/ as /dʒ/
- zebra /zɪbrə/ - /dʒɪbra:/
 For the Tamil Malaysian English speaker’s approximants
- /v/ as /w/
- never /nevə/ - /newə/

5. Word stress
 Confuse which part to stress.
 Different stress positions especially in the terms of verb and noun.
 Examples :
Noun – Permit /’pə:mɪt/
Verb – Permit /pə:’mɪt/

6. Intonation
 Should use the correct pronunciation during the
conversation.
 People would easily misunderstood because of the
intonation that we use.
 Good situation – low pitch and not use the high pitch.

7. WAYS TO OVERCOME
 Practise a lot
 Refer to the dictionary
 Tuition centre

8. Examples

9. THANK YOU