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3D Vision Syndrome A  Technologically Driven Visual Impairment
Dominick M. Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A AOA National Spokesperson on 3 D Vision Syndrome AOA Classroom 3D Project Team Member Professor,  Pediatrics/Binocular Vision Service Illinois College of Optometry Illinois Eye Institute 3241 S. Michigan Ave.   Chicago, Il. 60616 312-949-7280 (Voice) 312-949-7358 (fax) dmaino@ico.edu MainosMemos.blogspot.com  www.ico.edu      nw.optometry.net
Introduction: Understanding 3D technology & How it was Developed Photo credit: http://science.howstuffworks.com/3-d-glasses2.htm
Simulated 3D vsReal World 3D Why Now?
 Virtual 3 D: Why Now?
3 D Tipping Point A 3D TV Tipping Point?http://www.cnbc.com/id/41591929/A_3D_TV_Tipping_Point Stereoscopic 3D Technologies Reach Tipping Point on PC Market – JPR.http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/video/display/20100526234951_Stereoscopic_3D_Technologies_Reach_Tipping_Point_on_PC_Market_JPR.html
ESPN: 3D Is at the Tipping Point 3D Printing Technology Nearing Tipping PointWill you one day print yourself a new bowl or even a new house using 3D printing technology? 3D printers are nearing a tipping point according to one expert cited in a TechWeb article. Sharp’s New Cellphone Video May Be a Tipping Point for 3D http://www.bnet.com/blog/gadget-guy/sharp-8217s-new-cellphone-video-may-be-a-tipping-point-for-3d/315 3-D reaches a tipping point in Europe http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118004886 Dr. Karl Kapp: "the tipping point for 3D will be in the healthcare industry“ 3D Medical Education http://medical-animation-studio.com/
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Many activities including: Symposia, 3D Users Experience Tech Summit, The 3Ds of 3D Viewing AOA YouTube Videos 3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9U4AoDWPEQ0
The Public Health Implications of Virtual 3D  Michael Duenas, OD  The Visual System and Virtual 3D  Jim Sheedy, O.D., Ph.D. 3D: The User Experience Story  Philip J. Corriveau Exploring a New Dimension  Chris Haws Do You Know if the Kids are OK? Maureen Powers, PhD Improving Binocular Vision- Creating a Better 3D Audience 3D Vision Syndrome  Dominick M. Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A
The Public Health Implications of Virtual 3D - Michael Duenas(http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=howdZm-d7Z0)
The Visual System and Virtual 3D - Jim Sheedy, O.D., Ph.D. (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLpwCC5yxlo&feature=related)
3D: The User Experience Story - Philip J. Corriveau (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IiHNit3RPM&feature=related)
Exploring a New Dimension  - Chris Haws (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qZw98mkIhI&feature=related )
Brock String Debuts at the Consumer Electronics Show Kids@Play Summit at CES 2011 Dominick M. Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A (http://mainosmemos.blogspot.com/2011/04/dr-dominick-maino-at-consumer.html)
Available from: AOA 3D@Home 3deyehealth.org MainosMemos
Binocular Vision Dysfunction as a Medical & Public Health Issue
Improving Binocular Vision - Creating a Better Audience
Improving 3D Television Technology but Not Creating a Better 3D Viewing Audience 1920’s  Image Credit : Baird Television Today
Improving 3D Movie Technology but Not Creating a Better 3D Viewing Audience 1953 Image Credit: Mystic Cinema     Today             Image Credit: Joystiq
Improving 3D Gaming Technology but Not Creating a Better Gamer Image Credit: Nintendo Image Credit: Daily Motion 3D
Improving Classroom Technology but Have Not Created a Better 3D Viewing Student Image Credit: American Optometric Association Image Credit: mkrstovic.edublogs.org
History of 3D 3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well 3D Timeline
3 D Stereo Scopes 1844 Scottish inventor and writer David Brewster  introduced the Stereoscope 1862 USA jurist, author, inventor Oliver Wendell Holmes makes it possible for all to enjoy 3D!
The first 3D Movies 1950’s  The Golden Age of 3D Movies Imax Second Mini-Golden Age Today: Platinum Age!
Some of the first 3D Movies included: Bwana Devil  (1952 ) starring Robert Stack http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oGl_KqTw-M&NR=1
House of Wax (1953) starring Vincent Price
13 Ghosts (1960) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zdwq3jdvZD I
The Mask  (1961) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGTApr_SAts
3D Television Stereoscopic television was first demonstrated by  John Logie Baird in 1928 Stereo TV Stereo Receiver
3D Television Stereoscopic television was first demonstrated by John Logie Baird in 1928 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5ZSXPMlumc
3D Education VRMagic Digital BIO
3D Education http://www.3dmedicaleducation.co.uk/index.php/anatomy/lumbar_vertebrae/
3D Video-games
3D Tech - NASA Uses Video Games for Visualization & Engineering  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-mFx6blZK8 NASA Video Game Brain Training for ADHD http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S26Kk-ueWjQ&feature=related   Mario Brothers 3D http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0U0ZDjnQiXQ
3D Glasses Techniques to Achieve 3D
3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well
Passive 3D glasses technology Linearly polarized glasses Two images are projected superimposed onto the same  Use a silver screen so that polarization is preserved.   Can’t tilt head
Passive 3D glasses technology Circularly polarized glasses Light that is left-circularly polarized is extinguished by the right-handed analyzer, while right-circularly polarized light is extinguished by the left-handed analyzer.  The viewer can tilt their head and still maintain left/right separation.
Circularly polarized glasses
RealD Cinema system uses an electronically driven circular polarizer Infitec glasses Infitec  (interference filter technology.)  Filters divide the visible color spectrum into six narrow bands "super-anaglyph” Dolby uses a form of this technology in its
Dolby 3D theatres Complementary color anaglyphs (use red and cyan) Lenticular printing used to produce images with an illusion of depth, or the ability to change or move as the image is viewed from different angles
3D glasses technology Active Active LCD shutter glasses A liquid crystal glasses stop or allow light in thru synchronization with the images seen on the screen Red eye shutterglasses The Red Eye Method reduces the ghosting
Active 3D Glasses small LCD screens when voltage applied lens goes dark synced with screen showing 3D content then alternates image viewed each eye different angle of view creates 3D effect
Active 3D Glasses  this method of 3D cuts refresh rate in half Known to cause headaches http://www.3d-tvbuyingguide.com/3dtv/3d-glasses.html
Active 3D Glasses 3D Personal Display Spectacles two small screens in the glasses  display separate images to each eye.   Does not require a television http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/head-mounter-3d
Autostereoscopic displays  Auto 3D Almont Green 3D Photography (http://almontgreen.wordpress.com/)
Autostereoscopic displays  Auto 3D Nintendo 3DS Nintendo 3DS is hazardous to the  eyes of children (Nope!) http://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/nintendo-3ds-is-hazardous-to-kids-eyes/
How Does Nintendo 3DS Work? two separate outputs at slightly different angles one for your left eye and the other for your right http://kombo.com/features/How_the_3DS_Works/
3D Vision Syndrome What constitutes a syndrome? A group of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease, psychological disorder, or other abnormal condition
So is the 3D Vision Syndrome  Really a Syndrome? Yes. The symptoms and signs consistently include: headaches, nausea, dizziness, a vision induced sense of motion, diplopia, blurred vision and eyestrain; as well as a disconnect between accommodation and vergence.
The 3D’s of 3D Viewing:  Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth Discomfort: Since 3D viewing is based on the eyes converging in front of or beyond the screen, viewing 3D images can potentially create eyestrain and headaches
The 3D’s of 3D Viewing:  Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth Dizziness: 3D technology can exaggerate visually induced motion sickness …causing consumers to feel dizzy or nauseous during or after viewing 3D content.
The 3D’s of 3D Viewing:  Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth Lack of Depth: A viewer lacking binocular vision, simply won’t see 3D. While this doesn’t pose any problem viewing the screen, it serves as a “vision screening” that something is abnormal with the viewer’s binocular vision. Photo credit: Photobucket
Symptoms of 3D Vision Syndrome asthenopia, headaches, blurred vision, eyestrain, diplopia, dizziness/nausea and vision induced motion sickness …..or …. Image Credit: American Optometric Association Image credit: squidoo.com/3d-animated-gif
Symptoms of 3D Vision Syndrome …a happy, actively engaged users of 3D content? Image Credit: American Optometric Association
3D Vision Syndrome … … is comprised of a group of symptoms and physical signs that collectively indicate or characterize a functional vision and/or eye health disorder that manifests when viewing simulated 3D technology. These signs and symptoms include but are not limited to headaches, blurred vision, eyestrain, double vision, dizziness/nausea, decreased depth perception and vision induced motion sickness.
How to Dx an Individual with 3D Vision Syndrome Examination Sequence Comprehensive Visual Efficiency/Strabismus/Amblyopia Special Testing (Visagraph, TOVA, etc)
How to Dx an Individual with 3D Vision Syndrome Case Hx Salient Findings
How to Tx an Individual with 3D Vision Syndrome We really don’t  know the best methodology/approach.
How to Tx an Individual with 3D Vision Syndrome Use what we do know Rx/Prism Optometric Vision Therapy
These are your eyes…. These are your eyes On 3D!
3D Vision Syndrome  Single Subject Design Research Study  Patient #1 Symptoms:  blurred vision, double vision, nausea, headache, dizziness while watching 3D movie
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1 27 y/o white female  College educated Athletic trainer Hx of reading problems since 5th grade Remedial reading class in college Seasonal allergies Nephrectomy
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1 Initial Findings VA’s CLS RE/LE 20/20 OR RE -.25, LE PL   Acceptable Fit MR    RE -4.25-50X175 20/15,  LE -4.00-.50X175 20/15 Pursuits/Saccades +4 CT 18 XOP @ near 2nd Degree Fusion Variable
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1 Initial Findings Random Dot 100” (?) NPC 2/6/4” After 5 attempts pain noted PFV/NFV @ near could not do/diplopia - Lens amplitudes could not do NRA +2.00 diplopia PRA -1.00
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1 Initial Findings Accommodative Facility diplopia MEM variable Ocular health mild allergic conjunctivitis
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1 Diagnosis Convergence insufficiency Accommodative dysfunctions Headache Diplopia Allergic conjunctivitis
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1 Plan Obtain past records Start Optometric Vision Therapy
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1 Previous Eye Examination (10/09) “No Binocular Testing Done!” Hx “General Exam”, health “good”, Aided VAs 20/20 RE/LE, SLE unremarkable,  Non-dilated fundus evaluation unremarkable, Ret -4.00 Sph RE/LE, MR -4.00-50X175 RE, -4.00-.50X180 LE, CT 2XO dist/Ortho near, BI 20/8, BO 24/12 near Dx Myopia, Astigmatism
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy Phase 1Phase 2Phase 3Phase 4 Mono	Biocular	      Binocular	Integration Oculo-	add anti-		add		Stabilization Motor, 	suppression	vergence HE, Acc 3 month post OVT  maintenance Tx and  final progress evaluation
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy  OVT #1 HC Saccades HC Rock HTS (saccades, pursuits,  accommodation Brockstring HVT Sent Home all of the above
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy OVT  #2 Reviewed HVT Vision Builder (saccades Franzblau Red Rock Brockstring
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy OVT  #3 Reviewed HVT Minus lens dips HC accom rock Vision Builder  (binoc reading) Quoits
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy OVT  #4 Reviewed HVT Vision Builder Randot vergence Eccentric Circles Quoits Photo credit    VisionHelpBlog
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy OVT  #5 Reviewed HVT +/- Flippers (mono) Eccentric Circles HTS autoslide vergence Jump vergences (vectos) Brockstring (bug on a string) HVT ECC BO/Brockstring, HTS jump vergences
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy OVT  #6 Review HVT ECC Vectogram Jump Vergence Lifesaver Cards
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy Progress evaluation #1 20/15 BVA, RE/LE CL OR RE +1.00-.50X180 20/20 LE +1.25 20/20 MR RE -3.25-.25X175 20/20 LE -3.250.75X005 20/20 Pursuits +4   Saccades +3 CT 2EP (near) W4D 4 at all distances Random dot 20 ‘ NPC TN no pain BI 12/9 near BO > 45  Amps 7 D RE/LE Facility 8 CPM RE, 11 CPM LE, 10 CPM OU MEM +.75 each eye During evaluation no diplopia, pain, suppression stable findings Symptoms improving, not all resolved
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #7 Clown vectograms (push BI) Chicago Skyline (jump)
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #8 Clown vectograms (push BI) with +/-1.00 Tranaglyph BC 601 Brockstring Aperture Rule Switch to HVT only due to change in work schedule Saw 3D movie…no problems!
3D Vision Syndrome  Patient #1      Optometric Vision Therapy Progress Evaluation #2 1 month later Majority of symptoms resolved BVA 20/20 RE, LE Slight + CL OR CT ortho/2 EXO NPC TN After 5 trials TN NPC with RL 7/10 cm Vergence dist BI x/14/10 BO X/30/25 Near BI 16/12  BO 35/25 W4D 4 all distances Random Dot 25’ Pur/Sac +4 Amps 8.33 RE/LE NRA +2.50 PRA -2.25 Facility  6 RE, 7LE, 8 OU CPM no suppression MEM +.50 RE, LE RTO 6 mos CEE, intermittently do HVT
Ended Here: Majority of symptoms resolved BVA 20/20 RE, LE Slight + CL OR Pur/Sac +4 CT ortho/2 EXO,  NPC TN After 5 trials TN NPC with RL 7/10 cm Vergence dist BI x/14/10  BO X/30/25 Near BI 16/12  BO 35/25 W4D 4 all distances, Random Dot 25’ Amps 8.33 RE/LE NRA +2.50, PRA -2.25 Facility  6 RE, 7LE, 8 OU CPM  no suppression MEM +.50 RE, LE Started Here: VA’s CLS RE/LE 20/20 OR RE -.25, LE PL   Acceptable Fit MR    RE -4.25-50X175 20/15,  LE -4.00-.50X175 20/15 Pursuits/Saccades +4 CT 18 XOP @ near NPC 2/6/4” After 5 attempts pain noted PFV/NFV @ near could not do/diplopia W4D Fusion Variable Random Dot 100” (?) - Lens amplitudes could not do NRA +2.00 diplopia PRA -1.00
Convergence insufficiency, Accommodative dysfunctions, Headache, Diplopia, Blurred vision, Double vision, Nausea, Dizziness All resolved in 8 OVT visits and HVT Last Progress Evaluation on 7/10 On 8/1/10 the patient texted me and said, “Just saw a 3D movie. It didn’t hurt! It was an awesome experience!”
Computer Programs Used in Optometric Vision Therapy Computer Aided Vision Therapy  Home Therapy Solutions
3D as a Public Information and Marketing Tool 3D in the News-Print Media-Internet In Your Office-3D Pictures-Newsletters Website/Blog/Facebook/SOVOTO/LinkedIn Media Awareness
3D in the News ABC Chicago http://abclocal.go.com/wls/story?section=news/health&id=7298893
NBC News Broadcast http://www.wlbz2.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=145741&catid=9
AOA TV http://www.iwantmyaoatv.com/
Diagnosis Maino D. Brock String Debuts at 2011 Consumer Electronics Show. Optom Vis Dev 2011;42(1):6-9.
Print /Digital Media
Blogs
MainosMemos.blogspot.com
Radio
The 3D’s of 3D Viewing:  Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth Discomfort Dizziness Lack of Depth
The 4th D of 3D Viewing The fourth “D” of 3D Viewing should be to call your…. Doctor of Optometry
3D in the Classroom:  See Well, Learn Well
3D Resources AOA  http://www.aoa.org American Academy of Optometry http://www.aaopt.org 3D Eye Health.org http://www.3deyehealth.org/ COVD  http://www.covd.org OEPF  http://www.oepf.org Optometrists Network  http://www.vision3d.com/ Berezin Stereo Photography Products http://www.berezin.com/3d/
Questions? Dominick M. Maino, O.D., M.Ed., F.A.A.O., F.C.O.V.D-A. Professor,  Pediatrics/Binocular Vision Service Illinois College of Optometry Illinois Eye Institute 3241 S. Michigan Ave.   Chicago, Il. 60616 312-949-7280 (Voice) 312-949-7358 (fax) dmaino@ico.eduMainosMemos.blogspot.com  www.ico.edu      nw.optometry.net

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3D Vision Syndrome:A Technologically Induced Visual Impairment

  • 1. Disclosure Statement: Nothing to disclose” Please silence all mobile devices. Unauthorized recording of this session is prohibited.
  • 2. 3D Vision Syndrome A Technologically Driven Visual Impairment
  • 3. Dominick M. Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A AOA National Spokesperson on 3 D Vision Syndrome AOA Classroom 3D Project Team Member Professor, Pediatrics/Binocular Vision Service Illinois College of Optometry Illinois Eye Institute 3241 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Il. 60616 312-949-7280 (Voice) 312-949-7358 (fax) dmaino@ico.edu MainosMemos.blogspot.com www.ico.edu nw.optometry.net
  • 4. Introduction: Understanding 3D technology & How it was Developed Photo credit: http://science.howstuffworks.com/3-d-glasses2.htm
  • 5. Simulated 3D vsReal World 3D Why Now?
  • 6. Virtual 3 D: Why Now?
  • 7. 3 D Tipping Point A 3D TV Tipping Point?http://www.cnbc.com/id/41591929/A_3D_TV_Tipping_Point Stereoscopic 3D Technologies Reach Tipping Point on PC Market – JPR.http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/video/display/20100526234951_Stereoscopic_3D_Technologies_Reach_Tipping_Point_on_PC_Market_JPR.html
  • 8. ESPN: 3D Is at the Tipping Point 3D Printing Technology Nearing Tipping PointWill you one day print yourself a new bowl or even a new house using 3D printing technology? 3D printers are nearing a tipping point according to one expert cited in a TechWeb article. Sharp’s New Cellphone Video May Be a Tipping Point for 3D http://www.bnet.com/blog/gadget-guy/sharp-8217s-new-cellphone-video-may-be-a-tipping-point-for-3d/315 3-D reaches a tipping point in Europe http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118004886 Dr. Karl Kapp: "the tipping point for 3D will be in the healthcare industry“ 3D Medical Education http://medical-animation-studio.com/
  • 9. +
  • 10. Many activities including: Symposia, 3D Users Experience Tech Summit, The 3Ds of 3D Viewing AOA YouTube Videos 3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9U4AoDWPEQ0
  • 11. The Public Health Implications of Virtual 3D Michael Duenas, OD The Visual System and Virtual 3D Jim Sheedy, O.D., Ph.D. 3D: The User Experience Story Philip J. Corriveau Exploring a New Dimension Chris Haws Do You Know if the Kids are OK? Maureen Powers, PhD Improving Binocular Vision- Creating a Better 3D Audience 3D Vision Syndrome Dominick M. Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A
  • 12. The Public Health Implications of Virtual 3D - Michael Duenas(http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=howdZm-d7Z0)
  • 13. The Visual System and Virtual 3D - Jim Sheedy, O.D., Ph.D. (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLpwCC5yxlo&feature=related)
  • 14. 3D: The User Experience Story - Philip J. Corriveau (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IiHNit3RPM&feature=related)
  • 15. Exploring a New Dimension - Chris Haws (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qZw98mkIhI&feature=related )
  • 16. Brock String Debuts at the Consumer Electronics Show Kids@Play Summit at CES 2011 Dominick M. Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A (http://mainosmemos.blogspot.com/2011/04/dr-dominick-maino-at-consumer.html)
  • 17. Available from: AOA 3D@Home 3deyehealth.org MainosMemos
  • 18. Binocular Vision Dysfunction as a Medical & Public Health Issue
  • 19. Improving Binocular Vision - Creating a Better Audience
  • 20. Improving 3D Television Technology but Not Creating a Better 3D Viewing Audience 1920’s Image Credit : Baird Television Today
  • 21. Improving 3D Movie Technology but Not Creating a Better 3D Viewing Audience 1953 Image Credit: Mystic Cinema Today Image Credit: Joystiq
  • 22. Improving 3D Gaming Technology but Not Creating a Better Gamer Image Credit: Nintendo Image Credit: Daily Motion 3D
  • 23. Improving Classroom Technology but Have Not Created a Better 3D Viewing Student Image Credit: American Optometric Association Image Credit: mkrstovic.edublogs.org
  • 24. History of 3D 3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well 3D Timeline
  • 25. 3 D Stereo Scopes 1844 Scottish inventor and writer David Brewster introduced the Stereoscope 1862 USA jurist, author, inventor Oliver Wendell Holmes makes it possible for all to enjoy 3D!
  • 26. The first 3D Movies 1950’s The Golden Age of 3D Movies Imax Second Mini-Golden Age Today: Platinum Age!
  • 27. Some of the first 3D Movies included: Bwana Devil (1952 ) starring Robert Stack http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oGl_KqTw-M&NR=1
  • 28. House of Wax (1953) starring Vincent Price
  • 29. 13 Ghosts (1960) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zdwq3jdvZD I
  • 30. The Mask (1961) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGTApr_SAts
  • 31. 3D Television Stereoscopic television was first demonstrated by John Logie Baird in 1928 Stereo TV Stereo Receiver
  • 32. 3D Television Stereoscopic television was first demonstrated by John Logie Baird in 1928 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5ZSXPMlumc
  • 33. 3D Education VRMagic Digital BIO
  • 36. 3D Tech - NASA Uses Video Games for Visualization & Engineering http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-mFx6blZK8 NASA Video Game Brain Training for ADHD http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S26Kk-ueWjQ&feature=related Mario Brothers 3D http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0U0ZDjnQiXQ
  • 37. 3D Glasses Techniques to Achieve 3D
  • 38. 3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well
  • 39. Passive 3D glasses technology Linearly polarized glasses Two images are projected superimposed onto the same Use a silver screen so that polarization is preserved. Can’t tilt head
  • 40. Passive 3D glasses technology Circularly polarized glasses Light that is left-circularly polarized is extinguished by the right-handed analyzer, while right-circularly polarized light is extinguished by the left-handed analyzer. The viewer can tilt their head and still maintain left/right separation.
  • 42. RealD Cinema system uses an electronically driven circular polarizer Infitec glasses Infitec (interference filter technology.) Filters divide the visible color spectrum into six narrow bands "super-anaglyph” Dolby uses a form of this technology in its
  • 43. Dolby 3D theatres Complementary color anaglyphs (use red and cyan) Lenticular printing used to produce images with an illusion of depth, or the ability to change or move as the image is viewed from different angles
  • 44. 3D glasses technology Active Active LCD shutter glasses A liquid crystal glasses stop or allow light in thru synchronization with the images seen on the screen Red eye shutterglasses The Red Eye Method reduces the ghosting
  • 45. Active 3D Glasses small LCD screens when voltage applied lens goes dark synced with screen showing 3D content then alternates image viewed each eye different angle of view creates 3D effect
  • 46. Active 3D Glasses this method of 3D cuts refresh rate in half Known to cause headaches http://www.3d-tvbuyingguide.com/3dtv/3d-glasses.html
  • 47. Active 3D Glasses 3D Personal Display Spectacles two small screens in the glasses display separate images to each eye. Does not require a television http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/head-mounter-3d
  • 48. Autostereoscopic displays Auto 3D Almont Green 3D Photography (http://almontgreen.wordpress.com/)
  • 49. Autostereoscopic displays Auto 3D Nintendo 3DS Nintendo 3DS is hazardous to the eyes of children (Nope!) http://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/nintendo-3ds-is-hazardous-to-kids-eyes/
  • 50. How Does Nintendo 3DS Work? two separate outputs at slightly different angles one for your left eye and the other for your right http://kombo.com/features/How_the_3DS_Works/
  • 51. 3D Vision Syndrome What constitutes a syndrome? A group of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease, psychological disorder, or other abnormal condition
  • 52. So is the 3D Vision Syndrome Really a Syndrome? Yes. The symptoms and signs consistently include: headaches, nausea, dizziness, a vision induced sense of motion, diplopia, blurred vision and eyestrain; as well as a disconnect between accommodation and vergence.
  • 53. The 3D’s of 3D Viewing: Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth Discomfort: Since 3D viewing is based on the eyes converging in front of or beyond the screen, viewing 3D images can potentially create eyestrain and headaches
  • 54. The 3D’s of 3D Viewing: Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth Dizziness: 3D technology can exaggerate visually induced motion sickness …causing consumers to feel dizzy or nauseous during or after viewing 3D content.
  • 55. The 3D’s of 3D Viewing: Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth Lack of Depth: A viewer lacking binocular vision, simply won’t see 3D. While this doesn’t pose any problem viewing the screen, it serves as a “vision screening” that something is abnormal with the viewer’s binocular vision. Photo credit: Photobucket
  • 56. Symptoms of 3D Vision Syndrome asthenopia, headaches, blurred vision, eyestrain, diplopia, dizziness/nausea and vision induced motion sickness …..or …. Image Credit: American Optometric Association Image credit: squidoo.com/3d-animated-gif
  • 57. Symptoms of 3D Vision Syndrome …a happy, actively engaged users of 3D content? Image Credit: American Optometric Association
  • 58. 3D Vision Syndrome … … is comprised of a group of symptoms and physical signs that collectively indicate or characterize a functional vision and/or eye health disorder that manifests when viewing simulated 3D technology. These signs and symptoms include but are not limited to headaches, blurred vision, eyestrain, double vision, dizziness/nausea, decreased depth perception and vision induced motion sickness.
  • 59. How to Dx an Individual with 3D Vision Syndrome Examination Sequence Comprehensive Visual Efficiency/Strabismus/Amblyopia Special Testing (Visagraph, TOVA, etc)
  • 60. How to Dx an Individual with 3D Vision Syndrome Case Hx Salient Findings
  • 61. How to Tx an Individual with 3D Vision Syndrome We really don’t know the best methodology/approach.
  • 62. How to Tx an Individual with 3D Vision Syndrome Use what we do know Rx/Prism Optometric Vision Therapy
  • 63. These are your eyes…. These are your eyes On 3D!
  • 64. 3D Vision Syndrome Single Subject Design Research Study Patient #1 Symptoms: blurred vision, double vision, nausea, headache, dizziness while watching 3D movie
  • 65. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 27 y/o white female College educated Athletic trainer Hx of reading problems since 5th grade Remedial reading class in college Seasonal allergies Nephrectomy
  • 66. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Initial Findings VA’s CLS RE/LE 20/20 OR RE -.25, LE PL Acceptable Fit MR RE -4.25-50X175 20/15, LE -4.00-.50X175 20/15 Pursuits/Saccades +4 CT 18 XOP @ near 2nd Degree Fusion Variable
  • 67. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Initial Findings Random Dot 100” (?) NPC 2/6/4” After 5 attempts pain noted PFV/NFV @ near could not do/diplopia - Lens amplitudes could not do NRA +2.00 diplopia PRA -1.00
  • 68. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Initial Findings Accommodative Facility diplopia MEM variable Ocular health mild allergic conjunctivitis
  • 69. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Diagnosis Convergence insufficiency Accommodative dysfunctions Headache Diplopia Allergic conjunctivitis
  • 70. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Plan Obtain past records Start Optometric Vision Therapy
  • 71. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Previous Eye Examination (10/09) “No Binocular Testing Done!” Hx “General Exam”, health “good”, Aided VAs 20/20 RE/LE, SLE unremarkable, Non-dilated fundus evaluation unremarkable, Ret -4.00 Sph RE/LE, MR -4.00-50X175 RE, -4.00-.50X180 LE, CT 2XO dist/Ortho near, BI 20/8, BO 24/12 near Dx Myopia, Astigmatism
  • 72. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy Phase 1Phase 2Phase 3Phase 4 Mono Biocular Binocular Integration Oculo- add anti- add Stabilization Motor, suppression vergence HE, Acc 3 month post OVT maintenance Tx and final progress evaluation
  • 73. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #1 HC Saccades HC Rock HTS (saccades, pursuits, accommodation Brockstring HVT Sent Home all of the above
  • 74. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #2 Reviewed HVT Vision Builder (saccades Franzblau Red Rock Brockstring
  • 75. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #3 Reviewed HVT Minus lens dips HC accom rock Vision Builder (binoc reading) Quoits
  • 76. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #4 Reviewed HVT Vision Builder Randot vergence Eccentric Circles Quoits Photo credit VisionHelpBlog
  • 77. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #5 Reviewed HVT +/- Flippers (mono) Eccentric Circles HTS autoslide vergence Jump vergences (vectos) Brockstring (bug on a string) HVT ECC BO/Brockstring, HTS jump vergences
  • 78. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #6 Review HVT ECC Vectogram Jump Vergence Lifesaver Cards
  • 79. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy Progress evaluation #1 20/15 BVA, RE/LE CL OR RE +1.00-.50X180 20/20 LE +1.25 20/20 MR RE -3.25-.25X175 20/20 LE -3.250.75X005 20/20 Pursuits +4 Saccades +3 CT 2EP (near) W4D 4 at all distances Random dot 20 ‘ NPC TN no pain BI 12/9 near BO > 45 Amps 7 D RE/LE Facility 8 CPM RE, 11 CPM LE, 10 CPM OU MEM +.75 each eye During evaluation no diplopia, pain, suppression stable findings Symptoms improving, not all resolved
  • 80. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #7 Clown vectograms (push BI) Chicago Skyline (jump)
  • 81. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy OVT #8 Clown vectograms (push BI) with +/-1.00 Tranaglyph BC 601 Brockstring Aperture Rule Switch to HVT only due to change in work schedule Saw 3D movie…no problems!
  • 82. 3D Vision Syndrome Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy Progress Evaluation #2 1 month later Majority of symptoms resolved BVA 20/20 RE, LE Slight + CL OR CT ortho/2 EXO NPC TN After 5 trials TN NPC with RL 7/10 cm Vergence dist BI x/14/10 BO X/30/25 Near BI 16/12 BO 35/25 W4D 4 all distances Random Dot 25’ Pur/Sac +4 Amps 8.33 RE/LE NRA +2.50 PRA -2.25 Facility 6 RE, 7LE, 8 OU CPM no suppression MEM +.50 RE, LE RTO 6 mos CEE, intermittently do HVT
  • 83. Ended Here: Majority of symptoms resolved BVA 20/20 RE, LE Slight + CL OR Pur/Sac +4 CT ortho/2 EXO, NPC TN After 5 trials TN NPC with RL 7/10 cm Vergence dist BI x/14/10 BO X/30/25 Near BI 16/12 BO 35/25 W4D 4 all distances, Random Dot 25’ Amps 8.33 RE/LE NRA +2.50, PRA -2.25 Facility 6 RE, 7LE, 8 OU CPM no suppression MEM +.50 RE, LE Started Here: VA’s CLS RE/LE 20/20 OR RE -.25, LE PL Acceptable Fit MR RE -4.25-50X175 20/15, LE -4.00-.50X175 20/15 Pursuits/Saccades +4 CT 18 XOP @ near NPC 2/6/4” After 5 attempts pain noted PFV/NFV @ near could not do/diplopia W4D Fusion Variable Random Dot 100” (?) - Lens amplitudes could not do NRA +2.00 diplopia PRA -1.00
  • 84. Convergence insufficiency, Accommodative dysfunctions, Headache, Diplopia, Blurred vision, Double vision, Nausea, Dizziness All resolved in 8 OVT visits and HVT Last Progress Evaluation on 7/10 On 8/1/10 the patient texted me and said, “Just saw a 3D movie. It didn’t hurt! It was an awesome experience!”
  • 85. Computer Programs Used in Optometric Vision Therapy Computer Aided Vision Therapy Home Therapy Solutions
  • 86. 3D as a Public Information and Marketing Tool 3D in the News-Print Media-Internet In Your Office-3D Pictures-Newsletters Website/Blog/Facebook/SOVOTO/LinkedIn Media Awareness
  • 87. 3D in the News ABC Chicago http://abclocal.go.com/wls/story?section=news/health&id=7298893
  • 88. NBC News Broadcast http://www.wlbz2.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=145741&catid=9
  • 90. Diagnosis Maino D. Brock String Debuts at 2011 Consumer Electronics Show. Optom Vis Dev 2011;42(1):6-9.
  • 92. Blogs
  • 94. Radio
  • 95. The 3D’s of 3D Viewing: Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth Discomfort Dizziness Lack of Depth
  • 96. The 4th D of 3D Viewing The fourth “D” of 3D Viewing should be to call your…. Doctor of Optometry
  • 97. 3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well
  • 98. 3D Resources AOA http://www.aoa.org American Academy of Optometry http://www.aaopt.org 3D Eye Health.org http://www.3deyehealth.org/ COVD http://www.covd.org OEPF http://www.oepf.org Optometrists Network http://www.vision3d.com/ Berezin Stereo Photography Products http://www.berezin.com/3d/
  • 99. Questions? Dominick M. Maino, O.D., M.Ed., F.A.A.O., F.C.O.V.D-A. Professor, Pediatrics/Binocular Vision Service Illinois College of Optometry Illinois Eye Institute 3241 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Il. 60616 312-949-7280 (Voice) 312-949-7358 (fax) dmaino@ico.eduMainosMemos.blogspot.com www.ico.edu nw.optometry.net