The document discusses different types and generations of biofuels including ethanol and diesel based fuels. It notes that most ethanol in the US is produced in the Midwest while 80% of the population lives near coastlines. Pipelines are an efficient way to transport ethanol but failures can occur at terminals due to stress corrosion cracking from factors like oxygen, chloride and methanol. Key challenges for ethanol transportation in pipelines include quantifying and managing risk, achieving operating efficiency, finding new materials solutions, and improving coordination. DNV is conducting research to define safe operating regimes for fuel grade ethanol transportation and develop methods to prevent stress corrosion cracking.