❤️♀️@ Jaipur Call Girl Agency ❤️♀️@ Manjeet Russian Call Girls Service in Jai...
ABCs of Radiation Therapy for Patients, Family and Friends
1. ABCs of Radiation Therapy
for Patients, Family and Friends
David Kozono, MD, PhD
2. What is radiation therapy?
• For lung cancer, radiation therapy is most
often X-rays given externally using multiple
beams that converge on the part of the body
with tumor.
• X-rays cannot be felt, seen, heard or
otherwise perceived during treatment.
3. How is radiation given?
• Using a linear accelerator (linac)
source of radiation
robotic table
6. How is radiation aimed?
• Imaging to assure treatment accuracy and
precision
X-rays for daily
verification of
positioning
CT for weekly
confirmation
of target
localization
14. Expected side effects
skin reddening
very rare risk of
spinal cord injury
pain with swallowing
lung
inflammation
15. Why are there so many treatments?
• A course is anywhere from a single
treatment for symptom relief, up to seven
weeks of daily treatment Monday–Friday
for cure
• Fractionation
– Dividing radiation dose into multiple sessions
– Spares healthy tissues more than tumors
16. Why are there so many treatments?
Cancer cells
Little sparing with
fractionation
Long-term side effects
Significant sparing
with fractionation
1 x 2 Gy 1 x 4 Gy
0 2 4 86 1210
Fractionated
1 x 2 Gy 1 x 4 Gy Fractionated
6 x 2 Gy
3 x 4 Gy
6 x 2 Gy
3 x 4 Gy
Dose (Gy)
Survivalfraction(log)
17. Common questions and answers
• Am I radioactive after treatment (safe
around young children)?
– For about 0.000000000000000001 seconds
– So, no…perfectly safe
18. Common questions and answers
• Can you tell if the tumor is shrinking?
– The daily X-rays ± weekly CT scans are mostly
to verify positioning and tumor targeting.
– Tumors continue to shrink for weeks after the
final treatment.
– We therefore typically perform scans about two
months after completion of therapy.
19. Common questions and answers
• Will you be repeating the treatment?
– Unlike chemotherapy, we typically administer a
single course of treatment.
– If needed, additional treatment can be given on
a case-by-case basis weighing the benefits and
risks.
20. Common questions and answers
• Is all this radiation, including X-rays and
CT scans, safe?
– Rate of second cancers due to radiation is less
than 1 in 100 and likely closer to 1 in 1000.
– Side effects depend on the area of the body that
is treated; treatment will only be given if the
benefits will likely outweigh the risks and the
risks are acceptable.
21. Resources
• Department website
– http://www.dana-farber.org/Adult-Care/Treatment-and-
Support/Treatment-Centers-and-Clinical-
Services/Department-of-Radiation-Oncology.aspx
• American Society for Radiation Oncology
– http://www.rtanswers.org/
• LUNGevity
– http://www.lungevity.org/about-lung-cancer/lung-
cancer-101/treatment-options/radiation-therapy