Materials for the IBM Cloud Functions workshop at Index on February 20, 2018 https://developer.ibm.com/indexconf/ http://bit.ly/index-serverless Learn the basics and strengths of IBM Cloud Functions (powered by Apache OpenWhisk). In this workshop, you will learn how to develop serverless applications composed of loosely coupled microservice-like functions. You'll play with the CLI and development tools becoming an IBM Cloud Functions star by implementing a weather bot using IBM's Weather Company Data service and Slack. You will also investigate how to use other components like our API Gateway integration. Finally, you will get a preview of new technologies we are developing for IBM Cloud Functions.

1. IBM and Business Partner Use Only l Fast Start 2018
Develop Serverless Applications with
IBM Cloud Functions
© 2018 IBM Corporation l Index 2018
Daniel Krook
Software Engineer & Developer Advocate
Olivier Tardieu
Software Engineer & Research Staff Member
Priti Desai
Naiyarah Hussein
Mangesh Patankar

2. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Agenda / Learning Objectives
1. What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
2. Why is Serverless better than a traditional approach?
3. What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
4. How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
5. What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
6. IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer
7. Additional material
8. Hands-on workshop

3. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Preparing your workstation
1. Go to bit.ly/serverless-index
2. Create an IBM Cloud account
• Instructions: bit.ly/index-accounts
3. Download the bx CLI and Cloud Functions plug-in
4. Download the Shell tool
5. Download an IDE like Atom or VSCode

4. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Agenda
1. What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
2. Why is Serverless better than a traditional approach?
3. What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
4. How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
5. What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
6. IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer
7. Additional material
8. Hands-on workshop

5. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
Runs code only on-demand on
a per-request basis
Serverless
deployment &
operations model
VM
No servers Just code

6. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Runs code only on-demand on
a per-request basis
Scales on
a per-request
basis
What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?

7. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Runs code only on-demand on
a per-request basis
Optimal
utilization &
granular pricing
zzz
time
charged
What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?

8. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Agenda
1. What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
2. Why is Serverless better than a traditional approach?
3. What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
4. How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
5. What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
6. IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer
7. Additional material
8. Hands-on workshop

9. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
Increasingfocusonbusinesslogic
Decreasing concern (and control) over stack implementation
Bare Metal
VM VM
VM
Virtual machines
Functions
Containers

10. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Why is serverless better than a traditional approach?
CF Container VM
Application
Process
and Idle
2
Requests
1a
Polling
1b
Worry about scaling
• When to scale? (mem-, cpu-, response time-, etc. driven?)
• How fast can you scale?
Worry about resiliency & cost
• At least 2 processes for HA
• Keep them running & healthy
• Deployment in multiple regions
Charged even when idling / not 100% utilized
Continuous polling due to missing event programming model
Traditional model
Process
and Idle

11. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Trigger
1
OpenWhisk
Engine
2 Pool of Actions
Js Swift
Java PythonDocker
Running
Action
Running
Action
Running
Action
3
Scales inherently
• One process per request
No cost overhead for resiliency
• No long running process to be made HA / multi-region
Introduces event programming model
Charges only for what is used
• Only worry about code
higher dev velocity, lower operational costs
Serverless model
Deploy actions
within millisecs,
run it, free up
resources
Why is serverless better than a traditional approach?

12. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Agenda
1. What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
2. Why is Serverless better than a traditional approach?
3. What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
4. How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
5. What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
6. IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer
7. Additional material
8. Hands-on workshop

13. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
Serverless
platform to
execute code in
response to
events

14. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Developed as
open source software
via Apache Foundation
openwhisk.org
Serverless platform to execute
code in response to events
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

15. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Managed service on
IBM Cloud
bluemix.net/openwhisk
Serverless platform to execute
code in response to events
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

16. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
Results
Package
(feed)
Packages provide integration
with external event sources
Trigger
(event)
Data sources define events
they emit as Triggers
Rule (map)
Action
(function)
Developers map Actions
to Triggers via Rules
Data sources define events
they emit as Triggers.
Developers map Actions to
Triggers via Rules.
T
A
R

17. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Supported
Languages
JS/NodeJS Swift
Python
Java Docker
Go Haskell
Scala . . .
Multi-
language
Support
Community
Efforts
… and more to come
JS/NodeJS 8
Java
Python 3
Swift 4
Docker
Haskell
…
Scala
PHP 7
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

18. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Non-blocking
Blocking
Periodic
Support for
different invocation
models
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

19. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Supports
higher-level
programming
constructs Sequencing
Conditionals
Loops
Error handling
Parameter
binding
Default Name
Default
Parameters
Default Value
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

20. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Event
Provider
Open event emitter
(consumer ecosystem)
Open interface
for event emitters
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

21. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Event
Provider Periodic IBM Cloudant IBM Message Hub
Mobile Push Github IBM App Connect
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

22. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
zzz
time
chargedGranular pricing
Pay only for the exact time your actions run. When
an action is not invoked, it’s not in memory, so you
don’t pay anything.
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

23. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Memory
allocated
(MB)
Time executing
(milliseconds)
Instances
executing
simultaneously
(count)
Pricing model
Time an action was running *
memory allocated to action
$0.000017 per GBs
Free tier: 400,000 GBs
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

24. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Allows packaging of pieces of a
serverless application into a single project
and deploy it in a vendor-agnostic way.
Serverless
Framework support
What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?

25. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Agenda
1. What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
2. Why is Serverless better than a traditional approach?
3. What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
4. How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
5. What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
6. IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer
7. Additional material
8. Hands-on workshop

26. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
IoT
Block
Chain
Health
Zone
FSS
Zone
Media
Zone
Discovery
Conver-
sation
Natural
Language
Speech &
Vision
Tradeoff
Analytics
Retrieve &
Rank
Database Data Sets Analytics Management
Messaging Mobile App Security
API &
Integration
DevOps
Containers Cloud Foundry Event-Driven Run-Times
Compute Network Storage
Security&Compliance
Industry
Cognitive
Data
Developer
Tools
Infrastructure
Public Dedicated
Multi-Tenant Single-Tenant
Local
Client DC & HW

27. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
Bare Metal
Virtual Server
or VMware
Container
IBM Cloud Functions
Cloud Foundry
Performance &
Control
Speed
Language/
Framework
“Serverless” / “Event Driven” Apps
Open PaaS Environment
Maximum Performance & Control
Maximum Portability
Portability
Leverage Existing Images & Tools

28. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
• Control over runtime environment (runtimes,
versions, minimal OS).
• Greater reusability and portability of container
images.
• Great fit for bringing containerized apps and
systems to the cloud.
• No need to manage underlying OS.
• Buildpacks provide influence over the
runtime, giving as much or as little control
(sensible defaults) as desired.
• Great fit for many existing web apps with a
stable programming model.
• OS, runtime, and even container lifecycle is
completely abstracted (serverless).
• Autoscales in response to demand, with an
associated granular cost model.
• Great fit for emerging, non-HTTP, event-driven
workloads involving IoT, data, messages.
• More responsibility over package configuration
(security patches).
• Need to understand distributed systems.
• Loss of control over operating system,
possibly at the mercy of buildpack versions.
• Limited to HTTP/HTTPS
• An emerging computing model, rapid
innovation with less comprehensive and stable
documentation, samples, tools, and best
practices.
Full control over infrastructure
and maximum portability
Focus on the application and let
the platform handle the rest
Auto-scaled, event-driven applications
that respond to a variety of triggers
Containers-as-a-Service Platform-as-a-Service Functions-as-a-Service

29. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Agenda
1. What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
2. Why is Serverless better than a traditional approach?
3. What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
4. How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
5. What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
6. IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer
7. Additional material
8. Hands-on workshop

30. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Volatile and/or event-driven workload
that can be split in smaller short-running
pieces.
Suited for sporadic as well
as heavy load scenarios.
What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?

31. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
API Gateway
support
Allows to map API endpoints
to IBM Cloud Functions actions
Serverless microservice APIs/backend
Available for free, without limits
Define Actions:
getCostumer
createCostumer
deleteCostumer
Define API Endpoints (URLs) and map to Actions
GET: mydomain.com/…/customers
POST: mydomain.com/…/customers
DELETE: mydomain.com/…/customers
12
What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
IBM Cloud Functions

32. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
getCostumer
createCostumer
deleteCostumer
Easy to add and edit:
Security (API key, API secret, OAuth validation, CORS)
Rate-Limiting
Map actions to API endpoints (OpenAPI Doc creation)
Easy socialization (sharing, API key creation)
Analytics (API calls, errors, response time)
Test your API (API Explorer)
Upload Swagger/OpenAPI Doc
3
2 1
What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
IBM Cloud Functions

33. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Swift Action
IBM API Gateway
Openwhisk
APIHi!
Outsource compute-intensive tasks to a powerful &
scalable serverless platform and implement your actions
even without changing the programming language.
Swift Action
Mobile
backend
What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
IBM Cloud Functions

34. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Data
processing
Openwhisk
IBM Cloudant
What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
IBM Cloud Functions

35. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Data
processing
Openwhisk
IBM Cloudant
Ideally suited for working with multimedia data
like audio, image and video data:
Audio normalization
Image rotation, sharpening, noise reduction or
Thumbnail generation
Image OCR’ing
Video transcoding
What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
IBM Cloud Functions

36. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Cognitive
Openwhisk
IBM Cloudant
What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
IBM Cloud Functions

37. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Real-time Datastream Openwhisk
IBM Message Hub IBM Cloudant
Event processing/
Message Hub
Managed Apache
Kafka service for real-
time build outs of
data pipelines and
streaming apps
supports binary data
What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
IBM Cloud Functions

38. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Watson IoT
Realtime
Insights
Trigger events based on IoT
sensor data
IOT
Device
1Weather
Update
Trigger
Watson IOT
Platform
Realtime Insights rules2 3
4 Trigger an Action
IBM Cloud
Functions
What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?

39. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Agenda
1. What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
2. Why is Serverless better than a traditional approach?
3. What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
4. How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
5. What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
6. IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer
7. Additional material
8. Hands-on workshop

40. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer

41. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer

42. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer

43. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Agenda
1. What is Serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
2. Why is Serverless better than a traditional approach?
3. What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
4. How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
5. What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
6. IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer
7. Additional material
8. Hands-on workshop

44. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
IBM hosted offering:
bluemix.net/openwhisk
Open source project:
openwhisk.org
Open source Slack:
slack.openwhisk.org
Additional material
Learn
more

45. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Github github.com/openwhisk
Twitter twitter.com/openwhisk
Medium medium.com/openwhisk
SlideShare slideshare.net/openwhisk
Learn more
Learn
more

46. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Agenda
1. What is serverless computing (Functions-as-a-Service)?
2. Why is serverless better than a traditional approach?
3. What is IBM Cloud Functions (Apache OpenWhisk)?
4. How does IBM Cloud Functions fit into our cloud ecosystem?
5. What are the ideal IBM Cloud Functions use cases?
6. IBM Cloud Functions Shell and Composer
7. Additional material
8. Hands-on workshop

47. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
What you will learn
Hands-on workshop
1. In the end: How to develop a serverless weather bot
2. Basic concepts: Actions, Triggers, Rules, Packages
3. How to work with the IBM Cloud Functions CLI, UI, and Shell
4. How to work with our latest additions
… API Gateway
… Composer
5. … IBM App Connect & IBM Message Hub integration
6. How to work with additional tools
… VS Code
… Serverless Framework
… NodeRED
7. What others have built
8. Free-style…

48. Index 2018
IBM Cloud Functions
bit.ly/serverless-index bit.ly/index-accounts
Important links
Workshop:
bit.ly/serverless-index
Hands-on workshop
Accounts:
bit.ly/index-accounts