Data Governance vs. Information Governance

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Copyright © 2021 Robert S. Seiner – KIK Consulting & Educational Services / TDAN.com
Non-Invasive Data Governance™ is a trademark of Robert S. Seiner & KIK Consulting
#RWDG @RSeiner
Real-World Data Governance
Data Governance Vs. Information Governance
Monthly Webinar Series Hosted by DATAVERSITY
Robert S. Seiner – KIK Consulting / TDAN.com
July 15, 2021 – 11:00 a.m. PT / 2:00 p.m. ET

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Real-World Data Governance – Monthly Webinar Series
August 19, 2021 – Data Governance and Data Science to Improve Data Quality
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Home of Non-Invasive Data Governance™
Carnegie Mellon University (CMU)
Adjunct Faculty – Heinz College CDataO Program
Introduction

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• In the webinar, I will share:
– Similarities and Differences Between Data and Information
– Definitions of Data and Information Governance
– Examples of How Organizations Have Selected Their Label
– Brief Case Studies of Governance Named Both Ways
– Considerations for Naming Your Program
Abstract

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• Data Governance – The execution and enforcement of authority over the management of data and
data-related assets.
• Information Governance – The execution and enforcement of authority over the management of
information and information-related assets.
• Data Stewardship – Formalized accountability for the management of data and data-related assets.
• Metadata – Information, stored in IT tools, that improves both the business and technical value of
data and data-related assets.
• Metadata Governance – The execution and enforcement of authority over the management of
metadata and metadata-related assets.
Definitions

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Definitions

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• Can we make the term governance less scary?
• The answer is ”Yes!”.
• By Adopting a Non-Invasive Approach
• Path of Least Resistance and Greatest Success
• Big Question is the Difference Between
DATA and INFORMATION
• And What it Means to Govern
Definitions

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• What is Data?
– Data are Facts; Or Are They?
– Data are in Digital Form; Or Are They?
– There are No Facts Without Data; Not a Political Statement!
– Hard to Define Data Without Using the Term “Information”
– Are the Terms Interchangeable?
Similarities and Differences Between Data and Information

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• What is Data?
– Data is facts or figures, or information that's stored in or used by a computer. Merriam-Webster
– Data is facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis. Oxford
– Although the terms "data" and "information" are often used interchangeably, these terms
have distinct meanings. Wikipedia
– Data is hard to define.
– Yet … We all know what it is.
– Is it worth arguing over the definition? No!

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• Let’s look at data this way!
• I give you a piece of data … “1299” or 1299.
• What does 1299 mean?
• Is it an address, a quantity, a reading, a dollar amount? No way to tell!
• This is data. This is not information.
• Consider the equation  Data + Metadata = Information
• Data with context becomes information. That is the difference.
1299

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• A funny thing is that the definitions of “information” are not consistent either.
• In many organizations – information is the same thing as unstructured data.
• Therefore – Information Governance is the governance of unstructured data.
• In many organizations, Information Governance is an extension of Records Management.
• If Data Governance is the “execution and enforcement of authority over the management of data” …
• And if data includes structured and unstructured data – the definition holds.
• In common industry language – Information Governance applies mostly to unstructured data.
Definitions of Data and Information Governance

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EXECUTIVE
STRATEGIC
TACTICAL
OPERATIONAL
SUPPORT
Copyright © 2019 – Robert S. Seiner and KIK Consulting & Educational Services, LLC
Levels
Components
ROLES
COMMUNICATIONS
TOOLS
METRICS
PROCESSES
DATA GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK
DATA
LEVELS
EXECUTIVE – SENIOR LEADERSHIP TEAM
STRATEGIC – BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY MGMT
TACTICAL – SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTISE
OPERATIONAL – DAILY JOB FUNCTION
SUPPORT – FUNCTIONAL MANAGEMENT
COMPONENTS
DATA – ASSETS BEING GOVERNED
ROLES – FORMAL ACCOUNTABILITY
PROCESSES – APPLICATION / ENFORCEMENT
COMMUNICATIONS – EDUC, TRN, AWARENESS
METRICS – MEASUREMENTS and KPIs
TOOLS – ARTIFACTS PURCHASED / DEVELOPED
Endorse
Enforce
Authorize
Direct
Approve
Prioritize
Resolve
EXECUTIVE
STRATEGIC
TACTICAL
OPERATIONAL
SUPPORT
Facilitate
Mediate
Promote
Operate
Manage
Handle
Formalize
Adhere
Enforce
Approve
Act
Acceptance
Participation
Performance
Subject
Quality
Metrics
Accountability
Efficiency
Effectiveness
Collect
Report
Policy
Directive
Audit
Charter
Best Practices
Guidelines
Roadmap
Standards
Requirements
Workflows
Glossary
Dictionary
Catalog
Repository
DG Tools
Metadata Tools
KIK Artifacts
Support
Sponsor
Understand
Status
Evaluate
Commend
Standards
Subject Area
Project
Orientation
Onboard
Ongoing
Plan
Develop
Deliver
Leadership
Steering
Committee
Preside
DG Program
DG Council
Domain Stewards
Data Owners
SMEs
Operational
Data Stewards
Users
Prog Mgmt
Admin
Work Groups
Partners
Copyright © 2020 – Robert S. Seiner and KIK Consulting & Educational Services, LLC
Levels
Components
ROLES
COMMUNICATIONS
TOOLS
METRICS
PROCESSES
NON-INVASIVE DATA GOVERNANCE™ FRAMEWORK
Leadership
Dashboard
KPIs
Enterprise
Performance
Subject Area
X-Business Unit
Business Unit
Function
Accountability
Inventory
Metadata
DATA
LEVELS
EXECUTIVE – SENIOR LEADERSHIP TEAM
STRATEGIC – BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY MGMT
TACTICAL – SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTISE
OPERATIONAL – DAILY JOB FUNCTION
SUPPORT – FUNCTIONAL MANAGEMENT
COMPONENTS
DATA – ASSETS BEING GOVERNED
ROLES – FORMAL ACCOUNTABILITY
PROCESSES – APPLICATION / ENFORCEMENT
COMMUNICATIONS – EDUC, TRN, AWARENESS
METRICS – MEASUREMENTS and KPIs
TOOLS – ARTIFACTS PURCHASED / DEVELOPED

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• DG Framework Components
– Data
– Roles
– Processes
– Communications
– Metrics
– Tools
• IG Framework Components
– Data
– Roles
– Processes
– Communications
– Metrics
– Tools

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• DG Framework Levels
– Executive
– Strategic
– Tactical
– Operational
– Support
• IG Framework Levels
– Executive
– Strategic
– Tactical
– Operational
– Support

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Data Governance Information Governance
Data Topic of this webinar
Roles Executive – Strategic – Tactical – Operational – Supporting
Processes Structured Data Processes Unstructured Data Processes
Communications Orientation – Onboarding – Ongoing
Metrics Structured Data Metrics Unstructured Data Metrics
Tools Metadata – Data Catalog – Activate Data Stewards

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• Processes
– Data Governance Processes
• Definition Processes
• Production Processes
• Usage Processes
– Information Governance Processes
• Definition Processes
• Production Processes
• Usage Processes

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• Metrics
– Data Governance Metrics
• Business Value Metrics
• Acceptability Metrics
• Quality Metrics
• Protection Metrics
• Confidence Metrics
– Information Governance Metrics
• Business Value Metrics
• Acceptability Metrics
• Quality Metrics
• Protection Metrics
• Confidence Metrics

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• Selecting a Label for Governance
– What Does It Mean to “Label” [Data] Governance?
– How Many Labels Are There?
– Is a Label Necessary?
– What the Label is Telling the Organization
– Selecting the Appropriate Label for Your Organization
Examples of How Organizations Have Selected Their Label

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• What Does It Mean to “Label” [Data] Governance?
– Labels Can Direct Data Governance Activity
– Labels Can Influence Perspective
– Labels Can Indicate Where to Look for Business Value
– Labels Can Cause More Problems Than They Solve

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• How Many Labels Are There?
– There are too many to list:
• Data Governance
• Information Governance
• Master Data Governance
• Metadata Governance
• Big Data Governance / Small Data Governance
• Business Intelligence (BI) (Data) Governance
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) (Data) Governance
• Analytical/s Data Governance
• Non-Invasive Data Governance

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• Is a label necessary?
– Yes!
• It is part of the messaging?
• Data Governance is too vague!
• “Depends on what we mean by ‘data’?”
– No!
• Can be limiting!
• Can you have multiple types of Data Governance?
• Sends the wrong message!

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• What the Label is Telling the Organization
– That Data Governance is focusing on a specific category of data.
– Who is sponsoring Data Governance activities.
– Where the organization will be looking for value from Data Governance.
– If you drop the “data” … the label becomes … BI Governance, AI Governance, MDM Governance
– That there can possibly be more than one type of Data Governance in the organization.

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• Selecting the Appropriate Label for Your Organization
– Data Governance – Structured Data
– Information Governance – Structured and Unstructured Data
– Metadata Governance – Part of Data or Information Governance
– Shy away from any of the other labels.

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• Case Studies in:
– Financial Services – Institutional Trading – Data Governance
– Financial Services – Federal Home Loans – Information Governance
– Government – National Laboratory – Data Governance
– Insurance and Banking – Personal and Corporate – Information Governance
Brief Case Studies of Governance Named Both Ways

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• Financial Services – Institutional Trading – Data Governance
– Focused on Datasets and Data Products in Data Domains.
– Moving data into a new analytical platform.
– Strictly structured data.
– Recognizing ownership for datasets, data products and data domains.
– Assigning certification levels to data entering the platform.
– Assigning confidence level to data entering the platform.
– Never a question … they are calling it “Data Governance”.

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• Financial Services – Federal Home Loans – Information Governance
– Based on principles of Records and Contents Management.
– Response to an MRA from Federal Examiners.
– Focused on the protection of sensitive (classified) data, structured and unstructured.
– Extensive Content Management solution.
– Extensive Data Management Inventory (DMI).
– Extensive Senior Leader support for IG Policy, Roles, Classification, Knowledge Transfer.
– IGNite’d the Organization with Information Governance.

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• Government – National Laboratory – Data Governance
– Problem with accessibility to data in databases and reports.
– Problem with ownership and processes associated with granting access.
– Required to address public and private requests for this data as a big part of operations.
– Focus on structured data only for this initiative.
– Called the program Data Governance from the beginning.

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• Insurance and Banking – Personal and Corporate – Information Governance
– Directive from the Chief Data Officer.
– Data Governance failed three times in the recent past.
– Cannot call it Data Governance again.
– We will call it Information Governance.
– Focused on data quality – particularly Customer Address data.
– Still use the name Information Governance today.

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• Options for Naming Your Program
– Data Governance
– Information Governance
– Data Management
– Metadata Management
– Something else …
Considerations for Naming Your Program

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• Data Governance
– Name Selected by Most Organizations
– Most Available Resources Refer to the Discipline by This Name
– Consider Labeling the Name With the Approach You Are Taking 😉😉
– Define What Constitutes Data
– Define Data Governance Purpose

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• Information Governance
– Most Often Referred to as the Governance of:
• Structured Data and Associated Metadata
• Unstructured Data and Associated Metadata
• Structured and Unstructured Data and Associated Metadata
– Communities That Refer to the Discipline as Information Governance
• Records Management
• Library and Information Science
• Content Management
• Anybody else that wants governance to cover information rather than data.

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• Data Management
– In the DAMA Wheel of Knowledge Areas, Data Governance is Positioned in the Middle
– Data Management Focuses on Delivering Data and System Projects On-Time and Within Budget
– Data Governance Focuses on the Behavioral Aspect of Managing Data
• Policy
• Standards and Quality Management
• Data Stewardship
• Data Literacy
• Data Documentation and Change Management

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• Metadata Management
– Management of Data about the Data
– Use of Term “Data Documentation” is Gaining Traction
– Part of Data Governance and Information Governance Program
– Focus on Delivery of Business Glossaries, Data Dictionaries and Data Catalogs
– Does Not Replace Data Governance, Information Governance, Data Management, …
– Enable These Programs
– The Metadata Will Not Govern Itself

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• Something else …
– Use a Label (to start)
– Consider the Need to Scale to Other Categories of Data , Focuses of the Program
– Avoid Having Multiple Programs Named Differently
– Consider Naming Your Approach …
Non-Invasive Data Governance

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• In the webinar, I shared:
– Similarities and Differences Between Data and Information
– Definitions of Data and Information Governance
– Examples of How Organizations Have Selected Their Label
– Brief Case Studies of Governance Named Both Ways
– Considerations for Naming Your Program
Summary

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Questions & Answers

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Contact Information
• Robert S. Seiner
KIK Consulting & Educational Services – KIKconsulting.com
The Data Administration Newsletter – TDAN.com
rseiner@tdan.com @RSeiner

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