Arrangement of Li-ion cells in a battery: series, parallel; parallel-first, series-first; issues with each arrangement and solutions.
From the book "Li-ion Batteries and Applications" by Davide Andrea
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the start
Li-ion Batteries and Applications, chapter 4: Cell arrangement
1. Li-ion batteries
and applications
Baterías de iones de litio
y aplicaciones
Davide Andrea
Elithion Inc.
Volume 1: Batteries
Ch 4: Cell arrangement
Volúmen 1: Baterias
Cap. 4: Arreglo de celdas
7. Module and cell arrangement
Arreglo de módulos y celdas
Ch 4.1: Cell arrangement - Introduction
8. Weak cell
Celda débil
Ch 4.1: Cell arrangement - Introduction
Low capacity
High series resistance
High self-discharge current
Low Coulombic efficiency
9. Battery operating point
Punto de funcionamiento de una batería
Ch 4.1: Cell arrangement - Introduction
Energy, power
Batería de energía,
poder
Buffer battery
Amortiguador
10. Buffer battery operating range
Gama de operación por una batería amortiguadora
Ch 4.1: Cell arrangement - Introduction
AsymmetricalSymmetrical
SimétricoAsimétrico
11. Chapter 4.2
Cell arrangement - Series strings
Arreglo de celdas - Cadenas en serie
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
12. Current in a series string
Corriente en una cadena en serie
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
13. Current to individual cells
Corriente a celdas individuales
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
14. Protecting cells in a series string
Protección de las celdas en una una cadena en serie
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
24. Buffer battery, balance point = ref SoC
Batería amortiguadora, punto de balance = Estado
de Carga de referencia
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
Both at 50 %
Ambos al 50%
Both at 30 %
Ambos al 30%
Both at 30 %
Ambos al 30%
25. Buffer battery, balance point ≠ ref SoC
Batería amortiguadora, punto de balance ≠ Estado
de Carga de referencia
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
27. Normal causes for imbalance
Causas normales de desbalance
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
Self-discharge
Autodescarga
Cycling
Durante ciclos
28. Balancing
Balanceo
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
Required balancing current
Balancing methods and time
Cases where balancing is not required
30. Direct connection to capacitive load
Conexión directa a carga capacitiva
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
31. Charging a series string
Carga de una cadena en serie
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string
a) Top
balanced; b)
Imbalanced,
fixed charger;
c) Imbalanced,
remotely
configurable
charger.