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1. Energy Systems (P7, M4, D2)
Name Dean Worley

2. What is energy?
The strength and validity required for sustained physical or mental
activity, so in football this means we use energy to run jump and kick
the ball.
We need energy to digest food and also to repair and replace tissues in
your body. Muscular contraction and movements also require energy
with out energy none of this would be possible.

3. Where do we get energy from?
Starchy and other forms of carbohydrates provide source of energy for
your body to perform at its best, no matter what your sport or
activity. This is where we mainly get our energy from.
The more we exercise, the more carbohydrates you need to consume
in order to get energy.
The energy is used for-
Muscular contraction and movement
Circulation
Transmissions of nerve impulses
Digestion of foods
Repairing and replacing tissues.

4. ATP
As the name suggests the ATP-PC system consists of adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine (pc). This energy system
provides immediate energy through the breakdown of these stored
high energy phosphates.
This makes 1 molecule per creatine phosphate

5. ATP-PC System
1. Initially ATP stored in the myosin cross-bridges (microscopic
contractile parts of muscle) is broken down to release energy for muscle
contraction. This leaves the by-products of ATP breakdown: adenosine
diphosphate (ADP) and one single phosphate (Pi) all on its own.
2. Phosphocreatine (PC) is then broken down by the enzyme creatine
kinase into Creatine and Pi
3. The energy released in the breakdown of PC allows ADP and Pi to
rejoin forming more ATP. This newly formed ATP can now be broken down
to release energy to fuel activity
Reference - https://www.ptdirect.com/training-design/anatomy-and-
physiology/the-atp-pc-system

6. Lactic Acid System
• The lactic acid system is an anaerobic energy system in which the
high-energy compound (ATP) is manufactured from the breakdown of
glucose to pyruvic acid in the muscle cells of our body… We then get
an end product of glycolysis under aerobic conditions is pyruvate, a
salt or ester of pyruvic acid.
• This makes 2 molecules of ATP for each glucose molecule.

7. Aerobic Energy System
• High energy phosphates are stored in limited quantities within
muscle cells. Anaerobic glycolysis exclusively uses glucose (and
glycogen) as a fuel in the absence of oxygen, or more specifaclly
when ATP is needed at rates that exceed those provided by aerobic
metabolism.

8. 100 metre race
•My graph shows a clear acceleration at the start of the race when the
person signals the start of the race due to the ATP system which stands
for adenosine triphosphate, which is an immediate effect. Then comes
the short term effect. This basically means that the athlete acceleration
slows done around 30-40 meters as the immediate effect has ran out.
The athlete produces so much lactic acid within the race that it
eventually forces him to slow done.

9. 1500 metre race
•Within the first 100 metres we use the immediate energy system which
allows us to gain a good position within the race.
•Onwards from this point we rely on aerobic respiration which is a short
term energy system. This system means we slow the pace of what we’re
running at however we maintain a steady speed through-out.
•The final 400 metre’s see the athlete picking up the pace and the ATP is
recovered as the immediate energy system is restored.
•In the final 100 metres the athlete goes flat out in order to finish the race as
quickly as possible, however hopefully they have not had a too big build up
of lactic acid in order for the athlete not to completely blow out.

10. References and Bibliography