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the urinary system

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D
Deb Smu

The Urinary System consists of paired kidneys, ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce urine. Urine travels from the kidneys down the ureters into the bladder, where it is stored until excretion through the urethra. The main functions of the Urinary System are to filter the blood, regulate water and electrolyte balance, and dispose of nitrogenous wastes.

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The Urinary System
The Urinary System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Main Functions of Urinary System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],* *
 
 
Transverse sections show retroperitoneal position of kidneys Note also: liver, aorta muscles on CT Note layers of adipose (fat), capsule, fascia
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Arteries ,[object Object],[object Object],Segmentals branch into lobar arteries Lobars divide into interlobars Interlobars into arcuate in junction of medulla and cortex Arcuates send interlobular arteries into cortex Cortical radiate arteries give rise to glomerular arterioles
Vasculature of the kidney ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Understand at least this much: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Nephron ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
(refer to this pic as we go) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],-------------------
[object Object],The capillary pores (fenestrations) restrict the passage of the largest elements such as blood cells The basement membrane and slit diaphragm hold back all but the smallest proteins while letting through small molecules such as water, ions, glucose, amino acids, and urea
Nephron ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Proximal convoluted tubule ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*
Loop of Henle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Distal convoluted tubule ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classes of nephrons ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Collecting Ducts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Collecting Duct
Collecting Ducts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Uriniferous tubules 1. Nephron 2. Collecting ducts *
The collecting ducts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Vessels ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],____ vasa recta (vessels, continued) The Vasa recta
Histology
 
Juxtaglomerular apparatus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Renin-angiotensin mechanism: Sequence of reactions resulting in aldosterone secretion from adrenal cortex: increases sodium resorption from distal convoluted tubules: water follows, blood volume increases and blood pressure increases
 
For studying Parts of the kidney: 1. Renal pyramid 2. Efferent vessel 3. Renal artery 4. Renal vein 5. Renal hilum 6. Renal pelvis 7. Ureter 8. Minor calyx 9. Renal capsule 10. Inferior renal capsule 11. Superior renal capsule 12. Afferent vessel 13. Nephron 14. Minor calyx 15. Major calyx 16. Renal papilla 17. Renal column
The Ureters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ureters play an active role in transporting urine (it’s not just by gravity) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Urinary Bladder ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],See also brief atlas
 
 
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Urethra ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Urethra____ urethra
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Males: urethra has three regions (see right) 1. Prostatic urethra__________ 2. Membranous urethra____ 3. Spongy or penile urethra_____ _________trigone female
With all the labels
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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the urinary system

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  • 7. Transverse sections show retroperitoneal position of kidneys Note also: liver, aorta muscles on CT Note layers of adipose (fat), capsule, fascia
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  • 34. For studying Parts of the kidney: 1. Renal pyramid 2. Efferent vessel 3. Renal artery 4. Renal vein 5. Renal hilum 6. Renal pelvis 7. Ureter 8. Minor calyx 9. Renal capsule 10. Inferior renal capsule 11. Superior renal capsule 12. Afferent vessel 13. Nephron 14. Minor calyx 15. Major calyx 16. Renal papilla 17. Renal column
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  • 45. With all the labels
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