Presentation by Gerry Baker, ARUP, at the iMOD - User Day, during Delft Software Days - Edition 2019. Tuesday, 12 November 2019, Delft.

1. arup.com
iMOD Dublin
Gerry Baker & Jenny Flink
1
iMOD User Day 2019
12th Nov 2019 Delft

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I N D E P E N D E N T T H I N K I N G W I L L E N S U R E T H E
C O N T I N U I N G S U C C E S S O F O U R F I R M .
As a trust-owned firm with
no individual shareholders or
external investors, Arup sets
its own direction –
independently. This allows us
to choose work that aligns
with our values, working with
clients on ambitious projects
that will set new standards.

4. Europe Region16 O F F I CE S
Staff1,650+
Istanbul
Belgrade
Cork
Galway
Krakow
Limerick
Madrid
Warsaw
Berlin
Milan
Frankfurt
Dusseldorf
Amsterdam
Copenhagen
Groningen
Dublin

5. Irish Water Lead Mitigation Plan
5
L E A D I N D R I N K I N G WAT E R I S A
R E C O G N I S E D H E A LT H C O N C E R N
PA R T I C U L A R LY F O R U N B O R N
C H I L D R E N .
T H E R E A R E N O L E A D WAT E R M A I N S
I N I R E L A N D , H O W E V E R T H E R E A R E
S T I L L S O M E L E A D P I P E S R E M A I N I N G
I N T H E P U B L I C N E T W O R K .

6. Orthophosphate Treatment
6
• Orthophosphate is added at the reservoir and forms a protective
coating inside the water supply pipes
• Water Supply Leakage in Dublin 40%
• Orthophosphate is a major contributor to eutrophication in rivers
and estuaries
• The Environmental Quality Standard for Good Status Rivers
is 0.035mg/l
• The proposed dosing concentration is 1.5mg/l
Tolka Estuary

7. Preliminary Risk Assessment Methodology
7
• A GIS/Excel based screening tool was
developed based on WFD Characterisation
Methodology and attenuation factors from
Irish Research
• Orthophosphate is readily sorbed to soil under
favourable conditions
• This screening tool indicated Dublin was an
issue

8. Further Characterisation – 3D Model
8
Why iMOD
• Potential to develop a large model dataset and determine discretisation at a later date
• Powerful 3D visualisation
• Act as a repository of information from multiple sources
Why not iMOD
• No water quality modelling
• No mesh refinement
• Batch Scripts: Hydrogeologists = Programmers
• Difficult learning curve – that manual, limited community experience
Why 3D Model?
• GIS/Excel Model assumed all recharge within a sub-catchment discharges as
baseflow to the river
• Attenuation factors based on small scale agricultural catchments
• Some Dublin rivers are culverted

9. Dublin Hydrology
9

10. Dublin Hydrogeology
10
• 3-4m of Made Ground
• 5-30m of Glacial Deposits
• Mainly Till / Diamicton
• Glaciofluvial Sands & Gravel
Channels
• Muddy Limestone (non-karstified) “
Calp”

11. Conceptual Model
Bedrock
River
• Water Supply Pipes
• Typically 0.5m below ground
• Leakage modelled as specified flux
• Storm/Sewerage Pipes
• Depth can vary
• Modelled as drain
• Drain Level based on pipe
elevation
• Conductance to be calibrated
against measured dry weather
infiltration

12. Water Pipeline Network

13. Current Model Extent – River Liffey Valley
10m DEM Coverage
©

14. Borehole Database for Dublin
Geological Survey of Ireland provided
their full database of geotechnical
boreholes
Varied quality of borehole logging
Arup Digital Services Team developed
VB script to import to iMOD

15. Dublin City Centre Boreholes in 3D

16. Model Demonstration
16

17. Next Steps
17
• Meeting with Irish EPA to agree approach
• Drilling programme (Jan 2020)
• 12 Nested Borehole Installations
• Sampling of subsoil for orthophosphate leachability analysis
• In-situ Permeability testing
• Logger Installation and monitoring
• Model Calibration
• Model Prediction
• Reporting
• Offer solutions

18. Invest in Arup
18
I I A A L L O W S A R U P E M P L O Y E E S T O
I N F L U E N C E O N H O W O U R M O N E Y I S
I N V E S T E D
– 'Invest inArup' (IiA) is the system that is used to apply
for research funding
– Anyone inArup can apply for funding at any time and
there are numerous funds that can be applied to
– Projects awarded allocations from a fund have been
identified as investments that are deemed to be key to
skills and services within a discipline

19. 3D Urban Ground(water) Models Project
19
• Increasing use and interest for groundwater
modelling
• No large-scale urban 3D groundwater models…
• Feasibility of developing models for other cities
• Dublin city as pilot study

20. 3D iMOD model as a repository
20
• Massive datasets
• Compiling digital geological and hydrogeological
information for the city
• Combining publicly available data with in-house
knowledge and GI data
• Pooling our previous 3D Models
• Continually up date with newAGS data
→ Platform for future projects

21. Why 3D Urban Models
21
• Macro trends: Urbanisation, Climate Change, Population
Growth, Water Scarcity
• Urban resilience planning
• City Water Resilience Approach

22. IIA Interviews
22
Interviews with ground engineering staff across Europe
• Are 3D ground(groundwater) models available
for the city?
• What information is publicly available? (quality,
resolution etc.)
• How likely would you be to use a 3D model and
for which purposes?

23. Interview Results
23
• Very varied results
• Lack of 3D models online
• Varied data availability
• Accessibility and data format
common issue
• Big interest!

24. City Example No. 1 - Milan
24
• Model developed in FeFlow byArup
and University of Milan
• Rising groundwater levels related to
deindustrialisation
• Problem reported for Paris, London,
Barcelona, Tokyo, Berlin,
Birmingham…
• Not accesible

25. City Example No. 2 - Warsaw
25
• Good borehole data, groundwater
data and maps
• Extensive monitoring by the Polish
Geological Institute (PGI) –
HYDRO Bank
• Accesibility issues

26. City Example No. 3 - Istanbul
26
• Lack of data
• Lack of maps
• Lack of digital skills

27. Why iMOD
27
• Open Source
• Ability to pool data then later
decide on model size and grid
cell size
• Powerful 3D visualisation

28. Next steps
28
• Update model
• Bringing inAGS data and keeping model up to date (follow on Invest inArup from the digital
team)
• Internal guide for GE staff
• Resource for new projects

29. Summary
29
D U B L I N M O D E L I N P R O G R E S S
I M O D S U C C E S S F U L AT H A N D L I N G L A R G E
D ATA S E T
A B I L I T Y T O V I E W A N D C O M PA R E 3 D M O D E L S
C H A L L E N G I N G L E A R N I N G C U R V E
M A S S I V E R A N G E A C R O S S E U R O P E I N T E R M S O F 3 D
M O D E L & D ATA AVA I L A B I L I T Y
U R B A N H Y D R O G E O L O G Y K E Y FA C T O R I N C I T Y
R E S I L I E N C E T O C L I M AT E C H A N G E

30. T H E E S S E N C E O F A R U P
WE KNOW THAT WHEN OUR
VALUES AND AMBITIONS ALIGN WE
DO OUR BEST WORK. THIS IS HOW
WE SHAPE A BETTER WORLD.