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1. Introduction
1.1 Application, effect, function
Application:
Connecting balcony slabs, beams, projecting parapets, other projecting
construction elements as well as full storey-high projecting walls
Effect:
Thermal separation avoids condensation and the formation of moulds; it
also reduces heat losses and its associated CO2 emissions
Function:
Thermally separated reinforcement system for connecting detached
reinforced concrete components to the building
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1. Introduction
1.2 State of technology
According to recent technical standards, the junctions between balconies
and buildings have to be thermally separated. The intention is to interrupt
the flow of heat from the inside to the outside. This is achieved by inserting
insulation between the two components.
“…thermally separated
construction should be used…”
DIN 4108 Supplement 2:2006-01
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1. Introduction
1.2 State of technology
Our solution
Halfen – Insulated – ElemenT → HIT
“A reinforcement element for providing a thermally insulated
connection between reinforced concrete elements and concrete.”
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Naming Concept
HALFEN HIT HP
HALFEN HIT SP Insulation thickness : 120 mmInsulation thickness : 120 mm
Insulation thickness : 80 mmInsulation thickness : 80 mm
Superior PerformanceSuperior Performance
Compression Shear BearingCompression Shear Bearing
High PerformanceHigh Performance
3. Product overview
3.1 The HIT of the 2nd Generation
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HIT-HP MV-1008-20-100-35
ProductdProductd
M=MomentM=Moment
V=ShearforcV=Shearforc
No.oftenNo.oftens
NumberofCSNumberofCS
Height[cm]Height[cm]
Width[cm]Width[cm]
ConcretConcret
HP:80mHP:80m
3. Product overview
3.1 The HIT of the 2nd Generation
Naming concept
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Stainless steel compression bearings and shear bars
Unequal thermal insulation regarding fire protection
requirements
Balcony Ceiling
HIT (1. Generation)
Compression shear bearings (CSB) made of ultra-highstrength fibre-reinforced mortar
Equal thermal insulation due to rock wool
HIT-HP/SP (2. Generation)
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Balcony
Ceiling
3. Product overview
3.1 The HIT of the 2nd Generation
Support Support
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Flash-butt-welded tensionFlash-butt-welded tension
Compression shear bearing
(CSB)
made of ultra-high strength
fibre-reinforced mortar
Compression shear bearing
(CSB)
made of ultra-high strength
fibre-reinforced mortar
Casing for TB
made of plastic
material
Casing for TB
made of plastic
material
Mineral wool as
insulation against fire and
low temperature
Mineral wool as
insulation against fire and
low temperature
Assembly
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Concrete steel
Stainless blank steel
with fixing ring
End Cap
Concrete steel
Stainless blank steel
with fixing ring
End Cap
Eligible for 80 mm and 120 mm
3. Product overview
3.1 The HIT of the 2nd Generation
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Bild einführen
3. Product overview
3.1 The HIT of the 2nd Generation
HIT-HP MV, B=100cm, B=50cm, B=25cm
For cantilevering balcony slabs
Transfers bending moments and shear forces
Most frequent application case
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-BX±Q, HIT-BF±Q
The new HIT-HP-MD / HIT-SP-MD
For cantilevering balcony slabs
Transfer of shear forces in positive
and negative direction
Suitable for precast concrete works (two-part
element with upper and lower part HIT-BF±Q)
Can also be supplied in a smaller version known
as “HIT module” (HIT-BX±Q-MOD)
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-HP/-SP MV-OD
For cantilevering balcony slabs with stepped level
Balcony slab is lower than the floor slab
Transfer of bending moments and shear forces
Suitable for element slabs (ES-Version)
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-HP/-SP MV-OU
For cantilevering balcony slabs with stepped level
Balcony slab is higher than the floor slab
Transfer of bending moments and shear forces
Suitable for element slabs (ES-Version)
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-HP/-SP MV-OU
For cantilevering balcony slabs supported by a wall
with a upward connection
Transfer of bending moments and shear forces
Suitable for element slabs (ES-Version)
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-HP/-SP MV-OD
For cantilevering balcony slabs supported by a
wall with an downward connection
Transfer of bending moments and shear forces
Suitable for element slabs (ES-Version)
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-HP/-SP MV
For cantilevering balconies at external corners
Use of standard elements, no special element required
Transfer of bending moments and shear forces
via external corner
Indirect support
Direct support
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-BQ
The new HIT-HP-ZV / HIT-SP-ZV
• For balcony slabs with non-restrained bearing
on uprights
• Transfer of shear forces
• Available in 1 m length and shorter (30/40/50 cm)
• 12 load groups
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-BD
The new HIT-HP-DD / HIT-SP-DD
• For balcony slabs projecting from floor slab fields
(continuous slabs)
• Transfer of positive and negative moments
and shear forces
• 3 load groups
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-FT
(The new planned)
Insulation between front-mounted parapet and
floor/ceiling slab
Short pieces (30 cm) for point application
1 load group
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-OT
(The new planned)
Insulation between console and ceiling slab
Short pieces (30 cm) for point application
1 load group
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-AT
(The new planned)
Insulation between parapet and ceiling slab
Short pieces (30 cm) for point application
1 load group
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-ST
Insulation between consoles/cantilever beam and wall
Point transfer of high bending moments and
shear forces
Variations require many non-standard designs
4 load groups
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3. Product overview
3.1 Products
HIT-WT
Insulation of projecting walls with full
storey-height
Point transfer of bending moments and
shear forces, mainly in vertical direction
Variations require many non-standard designs
4 load groups
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1. Step
Finding the
necessary shearforce
4. Structural calculations
4.1 Structural safety
Procedure for component configuration
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Requirements for above shown example:
h = 180 mm
cv = 35 mm
concrete C25/30
MEd = 35 kNm/m
VEd = 60 kN/m
Component 1 m
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2. Step:
Search for theconcrete cover!
3. Step:
Search for theslab thickness!
4. Step:
Search for thenecessary
moment!
5. Step
Identify the
necessary
element!
4. Structural calculations
4.1 Structural safety
Procedure for component configuration
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The HIT of the 2nd Generation
The abbreviation REI has the following meaning :
R The structural safety of the connection is ensured for the specified
duration
E The room-separating effect of the connection is ensured for the
specified duration
I The thermal insulating ability of the connection is ensured for the
specified duration
120 The functions above mentioned are ensured for 120 minutes of
fire exposure in compliance with the standard time/temperature
curve
4. Structural calculations
4.2 Fire protection
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The temperature field in the cross-section (shown as isotherms) illustrates the
advantages of the HALFEN HIT Insulated connection for the required minimum
thermal insulation
4. Structural calculations
4.3 Thermal protection
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For normal load ranges of the slab connections the thermal transmission
coefficient and the temperature factor are listed in tables.
4. Structural calculations
4.3 Thermal protection
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4. Structural calculations
4.4 Sound insulation
With balconies and access balconies, vibration is transferred into the main
structure of the building and distributed into adjacent rooms as airborne sound.
DIN 4109 specifies the maximum level of airborne sound pressure level, which
penetrates to the adjacent units of the building and which is measured with a
standardized tapping machine.
erf. L´n,W = 53 dB
The standard versions of HALFEN HIT insulated connections can fulfill the
sound insulation requirements for balconies.
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4. Structural calculations
4.4 Sound insulation
Basis: laboratory tests
From laboratory measurements, the difference
in the impact sound pressure level ΔL was
examined on a balcony slab made with units in
comparison to a continuous
floor slab.
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4. Structural calculations
4.6 Software
current version: HIT 7.20
used intuitively
12 languages
11 calculation codes
manual customisation
facility for optimisation