Greek civilization, town planning in Ancient Greek, Miletus, Panathanic way Procession, Athens

1. A PRESENTATION
BY
AR. DHANASHRI MIRAJKAR
M. ARCH. SEM I-2015-16
DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE, JNEC, AURANGABAD.
1

2. The Ancient Greeks
were the people who lived
in Greece about 3,500
years ago. Greece is a
country in south east
Europe. It has an area of
mainland, which is very
mountainous, and hundreds
of small islands dotted
around in the Aegean and
Ionian seas.
Location

3. Time line of Classical Greece
2000 B.C. to 300 B.C.
Sumerian Civilization 12000 B.C. to 3000 B.C.
Greek Civilization 2000 B.C. to 300 B.C.
Egyptian Civilization Second Millennium B.C.

5.  During The Greek period ‘City States’ were flourished.
 By 7th Century B.C., the nobles became the rulers & Athens came
under the rule of tyrants.
 Consequently, land holding peasant classes developed.
5th Century B.C.
Democracy took roots in Athens
Magistrates were elected.. philosophy was nurtured
Science was investigated….
An environment of culture was
developed by people like
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle…

6. Greek Towns
The GOD
Administration Dwelling Houses
Greek Towns Structure
City Plan Served
Soldiers
Craftsman Workers City satisfied
Circulation
Hygiene Defense

7. Greek Cities
Characteristics
Most of the Greek cities had the following characteristics:
 The temples were built upon Acropolis.
 Wandering & unpaved lanes
 No drainage & sanitation
 Water was got from the local wells.
 The wastes were disposed off on the streets.
 There were no palaces
 Even public buildings were less apart from temples.
 A common assembly place PNYX was there.
An irregularly shaped market place AGORA
 There were no class distinction in the society.
 In the houses, rooms surrounded the courtyards having windowless facades.

8. Agora
Public spaces played a very important role in the life of the Greeks
AGORA
the main MARKET place
5% space of city occupied
Faced by
1/5th of width & depth of
city
the centre of the city
Assembly Hall
Council Hall
Council Chamber

9. Panathenaic
Way
Through the Architectural form of a structure, Architect can channel the
movement of people through purposeful routes of movement & points of
pause , influencing the nature of their responses…
One of the brilliant examples of a human channel of movement is the
Panathenaic procession in ancient Greece.
Panathenaic is the ancient city festivals of Greeks…specially Athletics
It occur every year - & in an especially rich manner every four years – as
a major event in civic life of Athens.
This procession took place along a clearly marked route extending from
the Dipylon Gate at the city wall across Athens & up the slopes of
Acropolis to the culminating point, the statue of goddess Athena.
Goddess
Athena.
the
Dipylon
Gate
Town planning by Abir Bandopadhyay

10. https://www.google.co.in/search

11. Panathenaic
Procession
This route was used by the citizens of Athens every day of their lives for
a multiplicity of purposes.
Its use must always have raised association with the brilliant & beautiful
procession all of them had witnessed since childhood.
From the time of its first beginning in archaic days, the panathenaic
procession & the sensations of those taking part in it gave the central
theme to the development of Athens.
There was the simplicity of the single central movement system through
the city..there was the understanding of value of memory & of response
to forms.
Panathenaic procession was the central organizing force in the
Architectural & Planning development of Athens….
Design of Cities by Edmund N. Bacon

12. Evolution of Athens through
Panathenaic Procession
600-479 B.C.
478-339 B.C.
338-86 B.C.
86 B.C.–287 A.D.
Panathenaic
way was far
more than a
city street.
It continued diagonally across the
originally amorphous space of the agora
or market place, & on top the slopes of
the Acropolis through the Propylaea to
the statue of Athena.
It served both as
the sacred way &
also as the main
street of Athens.
It was the central
spine along which the
principal mercantile,
industrial, & political
activities which made
up life of city…
Design of Cities by Edmund N. Bacon

13. Study of Athens
www.slideshare.com

14. Hippodamus & Miletus….
In the later part of 5th century B.C., Hippodamus, an architect from
Miletus, advocated an outstanding theory in the history of town
planning by applying GRID IRON pattern of road layout.
This system was introduced
to rebuilt the Greek cities
which were destructed by
the Persian invasion.
For laying out the perpendicular
roads, individual buildings were
made the common denominator
& the functions of the buildings
were given importance.
The rough topography of Greek cities lead to creation of steps on the
roads, which did not create much problems as most of the movement
were on foot..

15. Map of Miletus….
During the Hellenistic period, many public buildings were
added…ODEION, TREASURY, LIBRARY, PRISON…were added to
AGORA, BATHS, STADIA…

16. Methods of Design Growth
1. Growth by Accretion –
Space as Connector…
2. Axes as Connector…
Accretion – Increase, Addition
Design of Cities by Edmund N. Bacon

17. Methods of Design Growth
3. Mass as Connector…
4. Growth by Accretion –
Spaces as connectors…
Design of Cities by Edmund N. Bacon

18.  Design of Cities by Edmund N. Bacon
 www.slideshare.com
 https://www.google.co.in/search
 Town planning by Abir Bandopadhyay