fatty liver and lipotropic factors

1. Fatty liver
and
Lipotropic factor

2. Dietary lipids
Synthesis of FA
from carbohydrates
and amino acids
Mobilisation of FFA
from adipose tissue
Mobilisation of TAG
Into blood as VLDL
Degradation of FA
for energy need in liver
Influx / increases
liver fat
Exflux /
Decreases liver fat
4 – 5 %
total lipids
as TAG
Normal liver contains

3. Fatty infiltration of liver
• Accumulation of abnormal quantity
more than 25-30% of lipid as TAG in
liver is called fatty infiltration of liver
Normal liver cell
Chronic accumulation of fat
Fatty changes in hepatocytes
Fibrotic changes
Cirrhosis

4. Biochemical basis of fatty liver
• Increased mobilisation
of fat to liver
• High fat Diet
• Increased Lipolysis as in DM,
Starvation
• Decreased esterification of FFA
in adipose tissue
• Decreased activity of lipoprotein
lipase in extra hepatic tissue
• Reduced removal of Fat
from liver
• Block in Apo-protein synthesis
• Block in lipoprotein synthesis
• Decreased VLDL synthesis
• Deficiency of Phospholipids
• Deficiency of Lipotropic
factors

5. Clinical conditions / causes of
Fatty Liver
1. Starvation
2. Diabetes mellitus
3. Obesity, Excess calories intake
4. Alcohol abuse
5. Hepato toxins-- CCl4, CHCl3, Pb, Arsenic,
Ethionine, Orotic acid
6. Drugs – Puromycin
7. PEM – deficiency of protein, Essential FA,
Lipotropic factors
8. Hormones – Epinephrine, Ant. Pituitary
hormone

6. Lipotropic factors
• Substances which facilitate mobilisation of
fat and prevent accumulation of fat in liver
are called LIPO TROPIC FACTORS / AGENTS /
LIPOTROPINS

7. Lipotropic factors
• Choline – ↓ oxidation of FA ↓phospholipid synthesis,
– Impair lipoprotein syntheisis
• Betain-- ↓ choline synthesis,
methyl gr. Donor for choline
• Methionine-- ↓ choline synthesis
• Essential Fatty acids– required for VLDL and
lipoprotein synthesis
• Inositol -- ↓phospholipid synthesis

8. Lipotropic factors
• Casein
• Heparin
• Vit. E, Selenium, Pantothenic acid
• ω3 Fatty acids have protective role
• Lipotropic factors prevents fatty liver but
cannot reverse the condition