A Presentation about Six Sigma

1. ‘Six Sigma’
"Delivering Tomorrow's Performance Today”
Submited by
Divya Shukla

2. Six Sigma is a set of techniques, and tools for process
improvement. It was developed by Motorola in 1986.
 Sir Bill Smith, “ the Father of six sigma” introduce this quality
improvement Methodology to Motorola.
 Six Sigma is now an enormous 'brand' in the world of corporate
development.
Introduction

3. ‘Sir Bill Smith’
-the Father of six sigma
Father of Six Sigma

4. History
Since the 1920's the word “sigma”(s) has been used by
mathematicians and engineers as a symbol for a unit of
Measurement in product quality variation.
In the mid-1980's engineers in Motorola in the USA used
“Six Sigma”(S) an informal name for an in-house initiative for
reducing defects in production processes, because it
represented a suitably high level of quality.

5. In 1995, Six Sigma became well known after Mr. Jack Welch
made it a central focus of his business strategy at General Electric,
and today it is used in different sectors of industry.
(General Electric or GE, is an
American multinational conglomerate
corporation incorporated in New York )
By the year 2000, Six Sigma was effectively established as
an industry in its own right, involving the training, consultancy
and implementation of Six Sigma methodology.

6. Definitions
 Six Sigma seeks to improve the quality of process outputs by
identifying and removing the causes of defects.
Six Sigma approach is a collection of managerial and statistical
concept and techniques that focuses on reducing variation in
processes and prevent deficiencies in product.
Six sigma is a business statistical Strategy.

7. Six Sigma Objectives
Overall Business Improvement
Six Sigma methodology focuses on business
improvement. Beyond reducing the number of defects
present in any given number of products.
Remedy Defects/Variability
Any business seeking improved numbers must reduce
the number of defective products or services it
produces. Defective products can harm customer
satisfaction levels.

8. Reduce Costs
Reduced costs equal increased profits. A company
implementing Six Sigma principles has to look to reduce
costs wherever it possibly can--without reducing quality.
Improve Cycle Time
Any reduction in the amount of time it takes to
produce a product or perform a service means
money saved, both in maintenance costs and
personnel wages. Additionally, customer satisfaction
improves when both retailers and end users receive
products sooner than expected. The company that
can get a product to its customer faster may win her
business.

9. Increase Customer Satisfaction
Customer satisfaction depends upon successful
resolution of all Six Sigma’s other objectives. But
customer satisfaction is an objective all its own.

10. Six sigma Companies of India

11. Six Sigma Approaches
• This is organizational based. • This is based on customer needs and
satisfactions.

12. DMAIC

14. 1.Define
Define the system, the voice of the customer and
their requirements, & the project goals, specifically.
2.Measure
Measure key aspects of the current process &
collect relevant data.

15. 3.Analyze
Analyze the data to investigate and verify cause-
and effect relationships. Determine what the
relationships are and attempt to ensure that all
factors have been considered.
Seek out root cause of defect under investigation.
4.Improve
Improve or optimize the current process based
upon data analysis using techniques such
as design of experiments, poka yoke or mistake
proofing,& standard work to create a new future
state process. Set up pilot runs to establish
process capability.

16. 5.Control
Control the future state process to ensure
that any deviations from target are corrected
before they result in defects.
Implement control systems such as statistical
process control, production boards, visual
workplaces & continuously monitor the process.

17. DMADV

19. 1.Define
Define design goals that are consistent with
customer demands and the enterprise strategy.
2.Measure
Measure and identify CTQs (characteristics that
are Critical To Quality), product capabilities,
production process capability and risks.

20. 3.Analyze
Analyze to develop and design alternatives.
4. Design
Design an improved alternative,best suited per
analysis in the previous step.

21. 5. Verify
Verify the design, set up pilot runs, implement
the production process and hand it over to the
process owner(s).

22. DMAIC DMADV
 Defines a business process.
 Measuring current process
 Identify root cause of the recurring
PROBLEMS
 Improvements made to reduce defects
 Keep check on future performance
 used for projects aimed at improving
an existing business process.
 Define customer needs
 Measure customer needs & specification
 Analyze options to meet customer
satisfaction.
 Model is deigned to meet customer
needs
 Model put through simulation tests for
verification.
 used for projects aimed at creating new
product or process designs.

23. Levels of 6sigma implementation

24. Contd.
1. Yellow Belts: Champions undergo five days of training
and are taught how to manage projects and act as advisors to
various project teams.
2. Green Belts: They undergo two weeks of training that includes
project-oriented tasks. They act as team members to the Six Sigma
project team. Their cooperation and involvement is necessary for
projects success.
3. Black belts: They receive four weeks of trainings and are directly
involved in the implementation of Six Sigma Projects. They are the
project leaders and go through in-depth training on Six Sigma
approach and tools and work full time on the project.
4. Master Black Belts: These are the people who conduct Six
Sigma training and also have on the job training and experience

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When should six sigma be used?
Its usage depends on the type of business. In general,
“If there are processes that generate a lot of negative
customer feedback, whether that customer is internal
or external, the components of Six Sigma should be
considered as a means to study and rectify the
problem.”

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Benefits of six sigma
• Generates sustained success
• Sets performance goal for everyone
• Enhances value for customers
• Accelerates rate of improvement
• Promotes learning across boundaries
• Executes strategic change

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Usage of six sigma

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Tools & techniques
7QC tools
 Check Sheets (collect data to make improvements)
 Pareto Charts( define problem and frequency)
 Cause and effect diagram (Identify possible causes
to solve problem)
 Histogram (Bar charts of accumulated data to
evaluate distribution of data)
 Scatter diagram (plots many data points and
pattern between two variables)
 Flow Chart (Identify unwanted steps)
 Control charts (Control limits around mean value)

29. Conclusion
• The goal of Six Sigma is to increase profits by eliminating
variability, defects and waste that undermine customer loyalty.
• Six Sigma emerged as a natural evolution in business to increase
profit by eliminating defects
• Quality management program developed by Motorola in the
1980s.
• Management philosophy focused on business process
improvements to:
 Eliminate waste, rework, and mistakes
 Increase customer satisfaction
 Increase profitability and competitiveness

30. Thank you